2010 Conference - Internet Gambling and Responsible Gaming (Derevensky)
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Transcript of 2010 Conference - Internet Gambling and Responsible Gaming (Derevensky)
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Internet gambling among youth: Should we be concerned?
Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Ph.D.
Professor, School/Applied Child Psychology
Professor, Psychiatry
International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors
McGill University www.youthgambling.com
National Center for Responsible Gaming Las Vegas, November, 2010
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Problem Severity Continuum
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The new face of Internet gambling
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Joe Cada, age 21, Community College dropout, winner World Series of Poker, 2009, $8.55 million
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Jonathan Duhamel, age 23, University dropout, winner World Series of Poker, 2010, $8.944 million
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www.pokerstars.net
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Wagering via the Internet
• Poker/card games • Casino games • Sports wagering • Reality shows • Celebrity adoptions, arrests, etc. • Any form of contest/Political race
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Adolescent Internet use…
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Internet Use Media Awareness Network, 2009 • In Canada, 99% of youth age 9-17 reported use of Internet, 94%
have Internet access at home; 61% report having high speed access
• 37% report having their own Internet connections
• 89% of grade 4 school students play games on the Internet
• Where no household rules exist for Internet use, 74% report an adult was never present when the child was on the Internet
• 94% of students’ top 50 Internet sites include marketing material
• Large percentage of adolescents report observing Internet gambling pop-up messages & believe they were the target (Derevensky et al., 2008)
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What we know about the Internet
• Access is widespread • Access is inexpensive • Internet is anonymous • Internet is convenient • Internet is entertaining • Internet is used for many purposes
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Prevalence Findings of Internet Wagering
• Vary considerably • Dependent upon method & date of data
collection • Dependent upon population studied • Difficulties collecting data have been
articulated by Wood & Williams (2009)
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Is Internet gambling problematic?
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Some clinical evidence
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Are Internet gamblers more likely to have problems?
Wood & Williams (2007) - Sample of on-line adult gamblers
• Non-problem gamblers: 34% • At-risk gamblers: 24% • Moderate problem gamblers: 23% • Severe problem gamblers: 20% • 2/3 of those respondents gambling on the
Internet are likely to have problems
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Two Internet gambling studies 2004-2006
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Frequency of Play on Internet Gambling Sites Without Money in the Past 12 Months by Gambling Severity
N = 2205
Internet Gambling Without Money1
Yes (n = 1082)
No (n = 1123)
Gambling Groups***
Non Gambler n = 726 33.9 66.1
Social Gambler n = 1278 56.6 43.4
At-Risk Gambler n = 129 74.4 25.6
Probable Pathological Gambler n = 72 80.6 19.4
Total 49.1 50.9
1Percentage. ***p<.001.
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Frequency of Play on Internet Gambling Sites With Money in the Past 12 Months by Gambling Severity
N = 2292
Internet Gambling With Money1
Yes (n = 183)
No (n = 2109)
Gambling Groups***
Non Gambler n = 745 0 100
Social Gambler n = 1333 9.5 90.5
At-Risk Gambler n = 139 21.6 78.4
Probable Pathological Gambler n = 75 34.7 65.3
Total 8.0* 92.0
1Percentage *13.1% males; 4.6% females are gambling on Internet
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Follow-up study (McBride & Derevensky, 2007)
• Montreal high-school students: N = 1113
• Canadian and U.S. college and university students: N = 1273
• On-line gaming newsletter link: N = 546
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Use of “Demo/Practice” Sites
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Gambling for Money on Internet
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Gambling for Money on Internet Frequency
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Gambling Severity by Sample
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Reasons Youth Gamble on Internet
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A new study (Meerkamper, 2010)
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National Annenberg Survey of Youth (Romer, 2010)
N=835 (2008) N=596 (2010)
At least once per month
• Internet gambling among males 14-17 rose from 2.7% (2008) to 6.2% (2010)
• Internet gambling among males 18-22 rose from 4.4% (2008) to 16.0% (2010)
• Internet gambling among females 14-17 rose from 0.5% (2008) to 1.5% (2010)
• Internet gambling among males 18-22 rose from 0.0% (2008) to 4.4% (2010)
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National Annenberg Survey of Youth (Romer, 2010)
N=835 (2008) N=596 (2010)
Weekly
• Internet gambling among males 14-17 decreased from 0.9% (2008) to 0.0% (2010)
• Internet gambling among males 18-22 rose from 2.9% (2008) to 3.8% (2010)
• Internet gambling among females 14-17 stayed the same at 0.0% (2008) and 0.0% (2010)
• Internet gambling among females 18-22 rose from 0.0% (2008) to 1.3% (2010)
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Responsible advertising???
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Celebrity endorsements….
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Parental behaviors….
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Parental percep+ons: Serious Youth Issues
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Issues Impac+ng Children
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Does the Internet contribute to problem gambling among youth?
• There is good news and bad news • The good news:
– Fewer youth than adults gamble on the Internet • The bad news:
– More youth are playing on “demo/practice” sites than sites for real money
– The reasons they give are “for practice” – 1/3 of the youth who are gambling for money are
problem gamblers • Does “practice make perfect”?
– Is it just a matter of time before the “practice” players switch to gambling for real money?
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Conclusions
• Playing on Internet gambling sites without money is a common practice amongst adolescents and young adults
• At-Risk and PPGs play on Internet with and without money more often than non-gamblers and social gamblers
• 22% of university students who do not gamble for money (either on or off the Internet) report playing on practice sites.
• Gateway to gambling?
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• Internet wagers for money increases with severity of gambling problems
• Most money won and lost increases by gambling severity
• What is not known is how the easy accessibility of practice sites and appeal of “free” gambling games contribute to development of problem gambling
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Some concerns
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