The First Medieval Synthesis. Charlemagne Post-Charlemagne Viking Invasions Feudal Society.
2010-2011. Thought Questions: 1. Why do you think the Pope is crowning Charlemagne? 2. What does...
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Transcript of 2010-2011. Thought Questions: 1. Why do you think the Pope is crowning Charlemagne? 2. What does...
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2010-2011
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Thought Questions:1. Why do you think the Pope is crowning
Charlemagne?2. What does this picture tell you about
Charlemagne’s Empire?
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Franks- Germanic ppl living in Gaul select Clovis
Clovis converts to Christianity- makes friends w/ Pope and Roman Christians living in Gaul
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768 Charles the Great, AKA 768 Charles the Great, AKA Charlemagne 2 goalsCharlemagne 2 goalsunite Europe through conquests unite Europe through conquests convert everyone to Christianity convert everyone to Christianity
Successful- double size of Successful- double size of Kingdom, more powerful than Kingdom, more powerful than anyone since Roman Empireanyone since Roman Empire
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Charlemagne asked to Charlemagne asked to Rome to crush a rebellion. Rome to crush a rebellion.
Crowned by Pope Leo III.Crowned by Pope Leo III.““Emperor of the Romans”Emperor of the Romans”Angers ByzantineAngers Byzantine
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Ppl taught to obey him in church Empire divided into self-sufficient
manors Use counts to watch empire Counts jobs:
1. Maintain small army loyal to emperor2. Collect taxes 3. Settle disputes
Minstrels sang song glorifying emperor (control of media!)
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Opened school to train kids of royal officialsGrammar, logic and mathematics
Died in 813, empire divided into weak thirds- (eventual Epic Fail) but known for:extending Christianity to northern extending Christianity to northern
EuropeEuropeblending German, Roman & Christian blending German, Roman & Christian
traditionstraditionsstrong & efficient gov’tstrong & efficient gov’t
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Thought Questions:3. What do you see in this picture?4. Who are the men on shore?5. Where have they come from?6. Why do you think they have landed here?
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Who were the Vikings? Traders & explorers from Scandinavia who became
pirates Education unimportant, culture centered on war, pagan
polytheistic ppl Where did they raid and why?
England & Frankish manors & monasteries to obtain money and goods
Explored east coast of N.A- Vinland aka New Foundland What was their impact on Europe?
After Charlemagne died Vikings divided & weakened empire
Europeans gave up land rather than fight, stayed on manors for protection
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Read abt development of Feudalism Answer the Look For and the Reading Check
questions
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Thought Questions:7.What are some of the differences
between the 2 castles?8.What are some similarities?
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Motte- (sounds like caught) castle built on mound of dirt to elevate for protection
Keep- stronghold built on top of motte Bailey- enclosure containing kitchen, stables,
workshops, residences for peasants & chapel Drawbridge- connects motte & bailey, raised
to prevent attack. Ditch- water around motte and bailey
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Changes to motte & bailey castles Stone walls Ventilation slits no windows Sanitation shaft- waste goes down, “fresh”
water comes up Keep- residence and fortress, usually form of
towers w/ several stories 1st story- servants, pages, squires 2nd & 3rd- Lord’s residence, great hall for
meals, Parapet- low wall, had arrow slits Portcullises- iron gate across entrances
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Thought Questions:9. Why do you think some ppl are working & some are
not?10.Who do you think lives in the castle? Who lives in
the cottages?11.What does this tell you about life on a manor?
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Feudalism- system of life, services exchanged for land. Justified by idea that God intended some ppl to be superior to others.
Monarch- shared top w/ Clergy. Weaker after Charlemagne yet still top.
Lords & Nobles- ruled own land. Hunted, battled, supervised. Wives had babies & kept house.Divided land into fiefs to give in return for
service.
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Knights or Vassals- began training at 7, Chivalry- obey lord, respect noblewomen, aid those in trouble, fight fair & honest. Vassal enters agreement w/ lord- land (fief) for
loyalty Peasants- base of feudal society
Majority serfs- bound to the land, can’t marry w/o permission, can’t own land Can’t get evicted or forced to serve in military
Freemen- paid for use of land, able to leave
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