2010-12-SAP Overview and Navigation Overview
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Transcript of 2010-12-SAP Overview and Navigation Overview
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SAP Overview and Navigation
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SAP Terminology
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SAP Terminology
The following terms are mentioned in this Course Overview:
SAP R/3 Release
– Version of SAP R/3. HPPCL implementation will deploy ECC 6.0
Database server– Machine that houses the SAP R/3 system and provides a range of services to run the SAP R/3
system
Transaction Code (T-Codes)– A sequence of letters and/or numbers that identifies a transaction in SAP which is an
executable code entered by the end user
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SAP Terminology
SAP Client– Logical partition of the database.
SAP Session
– Users can create new windows or ‘sessions’ in the R/3. Up to a maximum of 6 sessions can be created at one time by a single user. Sessions are typically used to run concurrent SAP
transactions. Example: Running a report and creating a new sales order
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Introduction to SAP
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SAP – Company Profile
SAP AG = Systems, Applications, Products in Data Processing. It provides integrated business applications that support a wide variety of business functions.
German company founded in 1972, Headquartered in Walldorf.
SAP is the world’s largest inter-enterprise software company with 12 million users; 78,800 installations; 1,500 partners and 23 industry solutions.
Listed here are some examples of global companies that implement SAP: Exxon Mobil, Dupont, UBS, Airbus, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, IBM and Texas Instruments.
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SAP – Company Profile
A comprehensive suite of integrated business applications.
Solutions designed with enterprises and users in mind.
Supports industry-specific solutions - E.g. : IS-Oil, IS-Banking.
Delivers real time, actionable information.
Grows with the business – Scalability.
Most comprehensive global enterprise software available.
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Modules to be implemented
Finance
Materials Management
Project Systems
Quality Management
Document Management Systems
Human Resource and portal
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Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Financial Accounting
ã SAP AG
Profit center
Financial statement
Overhead costs
PURCHASING
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
SALES
Accounts receivableaccounting
FI-AR
Accounts payableaccounting
FI-AP
General Ledger
Profit & LossBalance Sheet
Assetaccounting
FI-AA
HUMAN RESOURCES
FIFI
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Asset Management
Financials
Investment measure
PurchasingGoods receipt
Production(order)
ASSETAcquisition
and Production
Cost
Supply Chain Asset Accounting
Depreciation
Bal. sheet
P & L
Controlling
General Ledger
Cost center
Profit CenterBal. sheet
P & L
Planned costs
Actual costs
AMAM
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Materials Management
Master Data
MaterialBatchesVendorG/L Accounts
MRP
InvoiceVerification
Internal/ExternalInternal/ExternalAccountingAccounting Sales
Goods Receipt TransferPosting
GoodsIssue
InvoiceReceipt ?
Inventory Management
Internal ProcurementProduction
External ProcurementPurchasing
MMMM
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Quality Management
The Quality Management Process is basically integrates all the logistics processes
Quality Management
Materials Management
ProductionPlanningand Control
Sales andDistribution
Maintenance and Service
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Quality Management - Procurement
Stock postings:- available qty- return qty
Stock postings:- available qty- return qty
Usage decisionUsage decision
Quality notification
Quality notification
Material movements
Quality notifications
Results recording,Evaluation of insp.
characteristics
Results recording,Evaluation of insp.
characteristics
Goods ReceiptGoods Receipt
Inspection lotInspection lot
Stock categories:- inspection stock- blocked stock- available stock
Stock categories:- inspection stock- blocked stock- available stock
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Quality Management - Delivery
Delivery noteDelivery note ShipmentShipment
Insp.lot
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Project System
The Project System module aims at handling the entire project execution of a project
It enables cost planning , budgeting , revenue analysis and monitoring of key activities in the project
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Document Management System
Document Management System aims at managing all the the documents which are used in execution of a particular project
It typically has following features :
Stores Documentation and drawing at a single place
Can be accessed in real time from anywhere
Document can be used in workflow and can have many status
Saves main SAP R/3 server from overloading
All file formats can be stores and saved in DMS
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Human Resource Management
The Human Resource module aims at managing the entire set HR activities which are executed in day to day business .
The list of sub modules which will be considered for implementation in HPPCL is as follows
• Personnel Administration • Organization Management• Performance management system• ESS• Travel Management• Payroll
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Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Organization Structure – FI / CO
CLIENTCLIENT
CONTROLLING AREA
CONTROLLING AREA
CONTROLLING AREA
CONTROLLING AREA
COMPANYCODE 01
COMPANYCODE 01
COMPANYCODE 02
COMPANYCODE 02
COMPANYCODE 03
COMPANYCODE 03
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Profit Center Hierarchy
COMPANYCODE 01
COMPANYCODE 01
COMPANYCODE 02
COMPANYCODE 02
COMPANYCODE 03
COMPANYCODE 03
CLIENTCLIENT
CONTROL-LING AREA
CONTROL-LING AREA
CONTROL-LING AREA
CONTROL-LING AREA
CONTROLLING AREACONTROLLING AREA
PROFIT CENTERGROUP
PROFIT CENTERGROUP
PROFIT CENTERGROUP
PROFIT CENTERGROUP
PROFIT CENTERPROFIT CENTER
PROFIT CENTERPROFIT CENTER
PROFIT CENTERPROFIT CENTER
COSTCENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTERCOST
CENTER
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Organizational Elements - MM
Client
Company Code
Purchasing Organization
Plant
Storage Location
PurchasingGroup
Group
Company Subsidiary
Storage location
Storage location
Storage location
Storage location
Plant Plant
Purchasing Org.
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Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Data Types in R/3
Plant Plnt Section PersResponsible Phone
100010002000
010100100
3000 100
WeberMeyer
SchultzLevy
17571964
7566
2637
Purchase Order
1
2
Transactional Data: A document is created for every business transaction and activity
is recorded in SAP. Transactional data is the business information. For instance purchase order, goods receipt, accounting posting.
Master Data: Master data is core information that is shared across applications. For instance customer, material, vendor, and asset data.
Table Data (Customizing): Table data is the data that is specially configured for the
business and controls the operations in the system. For instance payment terms, tolerance settings, pricing
condition tables.
Master Data
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37 Copyright Accenture 2001
Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Master Data
Master data refers to data records that are held for a long period of time in the database. Master data includes for example customers, suppliers, materials and accounts. Master data may be used across modules.
Master data contains information that is always used in the same way. For example the master data of a cost center: the name, the person responsible and the hierarchy area remains the same over the time the cost center is used.
Most of the master data is assigned to organizational units. For example Vendor master data shares the sales and distribution and financial accounting data. One customer master record may be assigned to the following organizational units:
Company code
Sales organization
Distribution channel
Division
Master Data(For example, Vendor
master data)
General Data(cross-company)
Accounting Data(relevant for company
code only)
Materials Management
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Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Output Processing
Output
Timing
Communication Method
Printer FaxTelex
EDIOnline(output to screen)
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immediately(e.g., create an order)
On request(e.g., print transaction)
With next selection runor at a specified time
(e.g., scheduling)
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................. .............................. ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Each time a document, e.g. order, delivery note or invoice is saved an output format is generated. The output format represents a message in R/3. The message is forwarded to the message queue.
Messages can be released either automatically or manually for printing or other output.
Individual messages can be released during processing via the different communication media.
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Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Reporting
Types of reports
Standard reports Reports delivered with R/3 to meet
standard reporting needs.
ABAP/4 reports Customized reports for particular reporting
needs.
ABAP/4 queries Provide basic lists, sorted and totalled by
various criteria.
Report painter / writer An ABAP/4 coded generator, which allows
the end user the opportunity to define report rows and columns for customized reporting.
ABAP/4 = Advanced Business Application Programming Language
R/3 reports provide transaction-level data.
Reports are organized by application using report trees.
R/3 contains standard reports for each area, but reports can be customized to meet specific company requirements.
Reports include drill-down, sorting and summarizing features and can be downloaded for the use in other applications, e.g MS-Excel.
Financial Reporting
Profit & Loss Statement
Balance Sheet
P&L year to year comparison
Balance Sheet y-to-y comparison
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43 Copyright Accenture 2001
Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Basis Management
Basis management maintains the technical environment and the structure of the R/3-system.
The tasks of the basis management includes:
Installation of R/3 software on servers and workstations.
Client copying and maintenance.
Backups of the system files
Monitoring system performance and resolving problems, for example ABAP runtime errors.
Printer administration for R/3 servers and workstations. Monitoring print queues and troubleshooting.
User administration, creation and maintenance of user names and passwords.
Setting up transportation system for transferring configuration between the clients.
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Technical Architecture
Application server
Workstation
Database server
The SAP R/3 architecture is based on a three-tier client/server principle.
Presentation Application Database
Dedicated servers linked by communication networks can be used to perform certain tasks without sacrificing integration of data and processes within the system as a whole.
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The Client Principle in R/3
Hardware
R/3-System Clients
Production Client (ex. 777)Test
Delivery Client (000 & 001) Development
Production
R/3R/3Client / ServerClient / Server
ABAP/4ABAP/4
COCOControllingControlling
AMAMAsset MgmtAsset Mgmt
PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem
WFWFWorkflowWorkflow
ISISIndustry Industry SolutionsSolutions
HRHRHumanHuman
ResourcesResources
SDSDSales & Sales &
Distribution Distribution
PPPPProductionProductionPlanningPlanning
QMQMQualityQualityMgmtMgmt
FIFIFinancialFinancial
AccountingAccounting
PMPMPlant Main-Plant Main-
tenancetenance
MMMMMaterialsMaterials
MgmtMgmt
You can have different clients for different purposes.Data can be moved via transportand corrections from one client
to another.
Sand box
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47 Copyright Accenture 2001
Organization StructureOrganization Structure
Data TypesData Types
Master DataMaster Data
Output ProcessingOutput Processing
ReportingReporting
Basis SystemBasis System
Process IntegrationProcess Integration
Module OverviewModule Overview
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Procurement
Goods ReceiptGoods Receipt Invoice Verification
Invoice VerificationPurchase OrderPurchase Order
Requirement for Goods/
Services
Requirement for Goods/
Services
Financial and Managerial Reporting and AnalysisFinancial and Managerial Reporting and Analysis
G/L COS / Inventory/
GRIR
G/L COS / Inventory/
GRIR
G/L GRIR/Expe
nse AP Invoice
G/L GRIR/Expe
nse AP Invoice
Vendor Payment
Vendor Payment
MM
FI
Purchase Invoice
Material Quantity and
Value
Integrated Business Process Overview
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Sales Logistics
DeliveryDelivery Goods Issue
Goods Issue BillingBillingSales OrderSales OrderPre-Sales
Activities
Pre-Sales Activities
Financial and Managerial Reporting and AnalysisFinancial and Managerial Reporting and Analysis
SD Sales InvoiceMaterial
Quantity and Value
Integrated Business Process Overview
G/L COS / Inventory
G/L COS / Inventory
AR Invoice / GL
Revenue
AR Invoice / GL
Revenue
Customer Payment
Customer Payment
FI
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SAP Process Integration Overview – Finance Management /Accounting & Reporting
COST CENTERACCOUNTING (CCA)
INTERNAL ORDER ACCOUNTING (OPA)
PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING (PCA)
GENERALLEDGER
ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTSRECEIVABLE
ACCOUNTSPAYABLE
ASSETMANAGEMENT
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING (FI / AM)
FINANCIAL REPORTING (FI)
MANAGEMENT REPORTING (CO)
SDSD
MMMM
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Log on to the R/3 System
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Log on to SAP System
To log on to SAP, you need to launch the SAP R/3 Logon Window. There are 2 options of doing this
Option 1 : via Start MenuStart Menu Programs SAP Front End SAPlogon
Via Start Menu
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Log on to SAP System
Option 2 : via SAP Logon shortcut located on your desktop
Via Shortcut
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Log on to SAP System
Independent Client Databases
ProductionDevelopment
100 400
365
365
Quality
Instance
End Users logging on to SAP
Server
Golden Master Testing
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Log on to SAP System
1. Select the appropriate group/server and highlight the line
2. Click on the logon button
SAP R/3 Logon Window
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Log on to SAP System
Change Password
Client
Username
Password
Logon Language
SAP Logon Screen
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Log on to SAP System
For first time users logging onto SAP, you will be prompted to change your password
1. Change your password
at this input screen,
2. New password must be
keyed in twice
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Log on to SAP System
Once you have logged onto SAP successfully, you should see the SAP Easy Access screen
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Log on to SAP System
There are 3 ways to log off SAP:
Using the icon at the upper right-hand corner of the screen
Menu path: System > Log Off
Type “/nex” in the command field
(closes all sessions without confirmation
prompt)
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Basic Screen Elements in SAP
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Basic Screen Elements
Screen Header
Screen Body
Screen Banner
Menu bar
Standard Toolbar
Title bar
Application Toolbar
Status Bar
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Menu Bar
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Save
Back
Exit
Cancel
Find
Find Next
First Page
Page Up
Last Page
Page Down
Enter
Help
Layout Menu
Create Session
Create Shortcut
Command Field Activator/Deactivator
Standard Toolbar Buttons
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Activator/Deactivator
Status Fields
Message Area
Status Bar
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Server ID Data Entry ModeSystem ID
Session IDClient ID
System Information
Status Bar: Status Fields
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Title bar Contains title of current transaction
Application Toolbar
Shows which functions are available in the current application, different for every transaction
Title bar and Application Toolbar
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Basic Navigation
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There are 3 ways to start an SAP transaction:Easy Access: drill down
Standard menu treeFavorites (User defined)
Transaction codes: jump directly to any transactionShortcut on your desktop
Starting an SAP R/3 Transaction
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All transactions appear on the menu tree
“Drill down” as in Windows Explorer
SAP Easy Access: SAP Standard Menu
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Commonly referred to as “T-Codes” Unique four to five character code used to start an SAP R/3 transaction
Comprised letters, numbers, and special characters
Transaction code (not case sensitive)
SAP Easy Access: Using Transaction Codes
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First two characters identify the general areaME Purchasing
Next two characters usually indicate the type of transactionMEx1 CreateMEx2 ChangeMEx3 Display
SAP Easy Access: Using Transaction Codes
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Displays “T-codes” for easy reference and helps you start a transaction
SAP Easy Access: Using Favorites
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From anywhere within the SAP R/3 system:Typing “/n” returns you to the SAP Easy
Access “Home” screen.
Typing “/n” and a transaction code (here, ME21N) closes the current transaction and
begins a new transaction.
Command Fields - “/n” Function
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Add:
Transactions Reports Files
Create a customized tree structure
SAP Easy Access: Favorites
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After you have located a transaction:Click Add to Favorites button or,
Right click on the transaction line item and select Add to Favorites
SAP Easy Access: Creating Favorites
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To change a Favorite:– Select the Favorite– Click to edit the transaction name of the Favorite– Enter new description– Click
SAP Easy Access: Changing Favorites
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To delete a Favorite:– Select the Favorite– Click or right click on Favorite and select “Delete favorite” option
SAP Easy Access: Deleting Favorites
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Right-click on the folder below which you want to
create a new folder
Select “Insert new folder”
Enter a folder name, for example, “Monthly”
Click
New folder name called ‘Monthly’ is saved
Favorites: Creating Folders
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Click and drag Favorites from one folder to another Click or to move favorites down or up, respectively
Organizing Favorites
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Fields and Field Function
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Input fields: Use Tab key to move from field to field
Radiobuttons
Check Boxes
Display fields
Transactions can contain 1 or more screens where data has to be filled out
Types of Fields
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Requiredentries
A screen can contain optional or required fields
A Warning appears if required fields are not completed
Required Fields
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Click here or press F4
Field value search possible
Possible values Functions
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Search criteria
Tab left
Selection Options
Tab right
List of criteria
Multiple Selection
Search Functions
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Selection Options
Selections Options
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Multiple Selection
Individual values
From values
To values
Multiple Selections Options
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Asterisks within the search field serve as a wildcard, a substitute for any characters in a field that you do
not know. When using wildcards, you can
enter just a part of the item for which you are looking.Area for graphic*1000*
1000*
*1000
Wildcards
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Wildcards and Entries Found Hit List
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You can:Use multiple sessions to work on more than one transaction at a time E.g.
Creating a sales order and running a report in the background Create a new session from any screen in SAP R/3
Start a new session without losing data in your current session. However, if you close your current session without saving, you will still lose data
Create up to a maximum of six sessionsOpen multiple sessions however, it is recommended that no more than 3 sessions
be opened at any one time. Creating more sessions causes the system processing to slow down and you may lose track of the tasks you are executing
Using Multiple Sessions
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There are 3 ways to create multiple sessions:
Click on Standard Toolbar
Type “/o” and a transaction code in the command field to open a particular transaction in a new session
Select the Menu path: System Create session
Creating Multiple Sessions
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This indicates multiple sessions
Managing Multiple Sessions
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Kindly provide feedback on the course material & methodology.
Thanks a lot !!!