2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3)...
-
Upload
clarissa-walker -
Category
Documents
-
view
225 -
download
0
Transcript of 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3)...
![Page 1: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms
• 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes)
• 2) Protists
• 3) Plants
• 4) Animals
• 5) Fungi
![Page 2: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
![Page 3: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
What is a prokaryote??
• Prokaryote- organism that does not have a nucleus or organelles in its cells (bacteria)
• Eukaryote- nucleus + organelles
![Page 4: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes (Monerans)
Prokaryotes are known for causing disease:
ex. tuberculosis, strep throat, STD’s, etc…..
Most are not harmful & sometimes helpful
ex. certain E. coli help vitamin production/ digestion in humans
Globally, bacteria are essential to the cycling of nutrients through the biosphere (nitrogen)
![Page 5: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on bacterial positives
http://peer.tamu.edu/curriculum_modules/Environ_Hazard/images/nitrogencyclesmall.jpg
![Page 6: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 15: Three Domain System of Classification
Domains are a category above kingdoms.3 Domains of organisms: 1) Archaea—prokaryotes
2) Bacteria—prokaryotes
3) Eukarya—protists, fungi, plants, animals (all eukaryotes)
![Page 7: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & Viruses
Archaea vs. Bacteria
1) Archaea—many are extremophiles
can live in harsh environments (Early earth??)
(high temp., salinity, little oxygen)
![Page 8: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & Viruses
Archaea vs. Bacteria
2) Bacteria—
Different info in their DNA and RNA from Archaea.
Cell walls different from Archaea.
Antibiotics can kill bacteria.
![Page 9: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & Viruses
Focus on Bacterial ReproductionBinary Fission:
mechanism: DNA copied….move to opposite ends of cellcalled binary fission
Potential:
1 cell 68 billion cells
in 12 hours
![Page 10: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
![Page 11: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on bacterial positives
Bioremediation:
Humans use prokaryotes to remove pollutants from water/air/soil
ex. sewage treatment
Pseudomonas has been used to clean up oil spills.
![Page 12: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on bacterial positives
Pharmaceuticals:
Bacteria can be used to make vitamins, proteins, & antibiotics.
![Page 13: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on disease
Disease defense:
barriers: skin, mucous lining
immune system: chemical & cellular defense
antibiotics:
prevent or slow the growth of bacteria
***not useful with viral diseases
![Page 14: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Video
• The Good and Bad Side of Bacteria
![Page 15: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on viruses
-viruses are NOT considered living cells
-viruses must use a host cell to reproduce
-viruses are composed of a small section of DNA or RNA and a protein coat
![Page 16: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on viruses
micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/virus.html
![Page 17: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on viruses
2 reproduction methods (use host cell to reproduce):
1) Lytic Cycle: virus invades a cell, destroys it, and spreads
![Page 18: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on viruses
2 reproduction methods:
1) Lysogenic Cycle: virus injects its genes into the host.
![Page 19: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Chapter 16: Prokaryotes & VirusesFocus on viruses
Infection example:
Herpes virus that causes cold sores may
stay dormant in your DNA and only reproduce during times of stress.
![Page 20: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Common Cold
![Page 21: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Influenza
![Page 22: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Polio
![Page 23: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Hepatitis
![Page 24: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Ebola
![Page 25: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Measles
![Page 26: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Mumps
![Page 27: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Kuru
![Page 28: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Video
• Virus video
![Page 29: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
GENUS
FAMILY
CLASS
ORDER
SPECIES
DOMAIN
Let’s shift to PROTISTS- Ch. 17
![Page 30: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Kingdom Protista (ch. 17)
• “Stuff” kingdom
![Page 31: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Kingdom Protista
1) Most diverse eukaryote kingdomeukaryote = nuclear membrane
2) Most protists are unicellular
3) Most are free-living (not parasitic)
4) Protist cells are very complex (perform ALL functions of the cell)
![Page 32: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition3 Major categories:
1) animal-like = protozoans
2) fungus-like
3) plant like = algae
![Page 33: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition1) animal-like = protozoans
heterotrophs: get energy & organic molecules by eating…
bacteria
other protists
decaying matter
found mostly in aquatic environments
![Page 34: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition1) animal-like = protozoans
Grouping by motility (how they move)
a) zooflagellates (flagella)
ex. Giardia
b) pseudopodia
ex. amoeba
c) ciliates
ex. Paramecium
d) no movement = apicomplexans (parasites)
ex. Plasmodium (causes malaria)
![Page 35: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Zooflagelletes
![Page 36: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Amoeba with Pseudopods
![Page 37: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Ciliated Paramecium
![Page 38: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Apicomplexans
![Page 39: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition3 Major categories:
2) fungus-like
3) plant like = algae
![Page 40: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition2) fungus-like
heterotrophic…….get food & energy by decomposing DEAD organic matter
NOT to be confused with fungi, though they are similar
![Page 41: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition2) fungus-like
Major types:
plasmodial slime molds
cellular slime molds
water molds/ downy mildews
![Page 42: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition3 Major categories:
3) plant like = algae
![Page 43: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition3) plant like = algae
autotrophs…….chloroplasts use sunlight to make food (unicellular, colonial, OR multicellular
![Page 44: 2009 Integrated Science Unit 4: Study of the 5 Kingdoms 1) Monerans (Prokaryotes) 2) Protists 3) Plants 4) Animals 5) Fungi.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032016/56649de45503460f94adaa1a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
2009 Integrated Science
Grouping Protists by nutrition3) plant like = algae
TYPES:
euglenoids
dinoflagellates (plankton, red tide, bioluminescence)
diatoms
seaweedsbrown algae
red algae
green algae