20080220 Chung Sik, Kim Universal Design Term Project.
28
20080220 Chung Sik, Kim Universal Design Term Project
-
Upload
eustace-lee -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
1
Transcript of 20080220 Chung Sik, Kim Universal Design Term Project.
20080220 Chung Sik, Kim
Universal DesignTerm
Project
2
• Universal design– Background– Definition– Application areas– Principles
• Product performance program
• Case study
Contents
3
1 Background of Universal Design
Something wrong...
What?
4
1 Background of Universal Design
5
1 Background of Universal Design
Universal Design!Universal Design!
6
1 Background of Universal Design
7
1 Background of Universal Design
8
1 Background of Universal Design
Age
Gender
Disability
Healthy
Pregnant
Nationality
Left-handed,
Right-handed ...
One design for diverse people!One design for diverse people!
9
▐ Ronald Mace (Center for universal design)
2 Definition of Universal Design
Firstly used in the United states by Ronald Mace (1985)
The design of facilities, products, and services that can be used by people all abilities, to the greatest extent possible, without adaptations (1995)
Universal design seeks to encourage attractive, marketable products that are more usable by everyone. It is design for the built environment and consumer products for a very broad definition of user (1998)
10
▐ Universal design vs. Ergonomics
2 Definition of Universal Design
Change the things people use and the environments in which they use these things to better match the capabilities, limitations, and needs of people
Change the things people use and the environments in which they use these things to better match the capabilities, limitations, and needs of people
Human factorsHuman factors
Different design for different person
Different design for different person
Design for humanDesign for human
The design of facilities, products, and services that can be used by people all abilities, to the greatest extent possible, without adaptations
The design of facilities, products, and services that can be used by people all abilities, to the greatest extent possible, without adaptations
Universal designUniversal design
Equal design for different person
Equal design for different person
11
▐ Universal design vs. Ergonomics
2 Definition of Universal Design
Designing chair in classroomDesigning chair in classroom
Wide range of heightWide range of height
Human factorsHuman factors
Wide range of chairsWide range of chairs
Universal designUniversal design
Adjustable chairAdjustable chair
12
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Barrier-free designBarrier-free design
Accessible designAccessible design
Design for allDesign for all
Inclusive designInclusive design
Universal designUniversal design
Adaptable designAdaptable design
13
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Barrier-free designBarrier-free design [ 1950s in world ]Remove barriers for disabled people from built environment
[ 1950s in world ]Remove barriers for disabled people from built environment
Negative feeling
Negative feeling
14
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Barrier-free designBarrier-free design
Accessible designAccessible design[ 1970s in US ]Positive term than barrier free designHas been linked to legislated requirements
[ 1970s in US ]Positive term than barrier free designHas been linked to legislated requirements
[ 1950s in world ]Remove barriers for disabled people from built environment
[ 1950s in world ]Remove barriers for disabled people from built environment
Negative feeling
Negative feeling
15
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Design for allDesign for all
[ 1960s in Europe ]design philosophy targeting the use of products, services and systems by as many people as possible without the need for adaptation
[ 1960s in Europe ]design philosophy targeting the use of products, services and systems by as many people as possible without the need for adaptation
Inclusive designInclusive design
[ In UK ]Similar with universal designInclude not only product and buildings also communication and service
[ In UK ]Similar with universal designInclude not only product and buildings also communication and service
Universal designUniversal design
Barrier-free designBarrier-free design
Accessible designAccessible design
16
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Adaptable designAdaptable design Modifications made to standard design for the purpose of making the design usable for an individual, as needed
Modifications made to standard design for the purpose of making the design usable for an individual, as needed
17
Mandatory
Different country
Modification?
Broad concept
▐ Synonyms
2 Definition of Universal Design
Negative
Negative
Barrier-free designBarrier-free design Accessible designAccessible design≒ Positive
Positive
Design for allDesign for all
Inclusive designInclusive design
Universal designUniversal design
Adaptable designAdaptable design
Yes
No
18
▐ Architectural areas
3 Application areas
Mainstream of applications of universal design
Universal design concept is applied into lots of acts related with buildings and environments
To reduce discomfort of the underprivileged,
Government establish/revise acts and guidelines
Researchers survey discomfort elements and their causes, and suggest solutions
19
▐ Products areas
3 Application areas
Universal design concept is not applied into products actively because of cost problem
To make product universally, mostly additional cost is needed
Ex) Low-floor bus vs normal bus
Universal design is applied into product areas narrowly
Applied when additional cost is low
Normal bus Normal bus Low-floor bus
69,800,000 72,910,000 176,230,000<
20
▐ 7 Principles of Universal Design
1. Equitable use
2. Flexibility in use
3. Simple and intuitive use
4. Perceptible information
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
Equitable use
Flexibility in use
Simple & IntuitivePerceptible information
Size & spacefor approach & use
Tolerance for error
Low physical effort
5. Tolerance for error
6. Low physical effort
7. Size and space for approach and use
21
▐ 1. Equitable use
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Provide the same means of use for all users
Identical whenever possible; equivalent when not. Avoid segregating or stigmatizing any users.
Make provisions for privacy, security, and safety equally available to all users.
Make the design appealing to all users.
Power doors with sensors at entrances that are convenient for all users
[ Example ]
The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.
22
▐ 2. Flexibility in use
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Provide choice in methods of use
Accommodate right – or left – handed access and use
Facilitate the user’s accuracy and precision
Provide adaptability to the user’s pace
[ Example ]
The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities
Scissors designed for right – or left – handed users
23
▐ 3. Simple and intuitive use
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Eliminate unnecessary complexity
Be consistent with user expectations and intuition.
Accommodate a wide range of literacy and language skills
Arrange information consistent with its importance
Provide effective prompting and feedback during and after task completion
[ Example ]Use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level
An instruction manual with drawings and no text
24
▐ 4. Perceptible information
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Use different modes (pictorial, verbal, tactile) for redundant presentations of essential information
Maximize “legibility” of essential information
Differentiate elements in ways that can be described (i.e., make it easy to give instructions or directions)
Provide compatibility with a variety of techniques or devices used by people with sensory limitations
[ Example ]The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities
Redundant cueing (e.g., voice communications and signage) in airports, train stations, and subway cars
25
▐ 5. Tolerance for error
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Arrange elements to minimize hazards and errors
Most used elements, most accessible; hazardous elements eliminated, isolated, or shielded
Provide warnings of hazards and errors
Provide fail safe features
Discourage unconscious action in tasks that require vigilance
[ Example ]The design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions
An “undo” feature in computer software that allows the user to correct mistakes without penalty
26
▐ 6. Low physical effort
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Allow user to maintain a neutral body position
Use reasonable operating forces
Minimize repetitive actions
Minimize sustained physical effort
[ Example ]
The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue
Lever or loop handles on doors and faucets
27
▐ 7. Size and space for approach and use
4 7 Principles of Universal Design
[Guidelines]
Provide a clear line of sight to important elements for any seated or standing user
Make reach to all components comfortable for any seated or standing user
Accommodate variations in hand and grip size
Provide adequate space for the use of assistive devices or personal assistance
[ Example ]Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility
Wide gates at subway stations that accommodate all users
Thank you
Next presentation…Product
PerformanceProgram
