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Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

C 1. Trial Concentration1 0.971 M2 0.982 M3 1.02 M4 0.971 M5 0.976 M

A student performed a series of titrations to find the concentration of an unknownacid. The results of the titrations are shown in the data table. What is the mean of thisset of data?a. 0.971 M c. 0.984 Mb. 0.976 M d. 1.00 M

ANSWER: CTake the average of the numbers (add all numbers and divide by 5)

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D 2. Iodine­131 is a radioactive isotope with a half­life of 8 days. How many grams of a 64g sample of iodine­131 will remain at the end of 24 days?a. 56 g c. 32 gb. 48 g d. 8 g

ANSWER: D24/8 = 3So, divide 64 by 2 three times (64/2/2/2) = 8

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B 3. Which of the following is the correct name for the compound MnF3?a. Manganese fluoride(III) c. Manganese(I) fluoride(III)b. Manganese(III) fluoride d. Manganese(III) fluoride(III)

ANSWER: BIt has to be b because you don’t use roman numerals for the second part ofthe name (name should never end with a roman numeral)

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Name: Score: 50 / 50 points (100%)

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A 4. The name of the salt formed by the neutralization of hydrochloric acid and sodiumhydroxide is —a. sodium chloride c. sodium chloriteb. sodium chlorate d. sodium hypochlorite

ANSWER: AHCl + NaOH ­­> NaCl + H2O and NaCl is sodium chloride (no polyatomicion in this compound)

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C 5. If the quantity of heat lost or gained is (H) = mass x xhange in T x specific heat, what is the amount of heat required to raise 200.0 g of water from 22.00C to 100.0C?

Specific heat of water is a. 652.1 joules c. 65,210 joulesb. 6,521 joules d. 652,100 joules

ANSWER: C200.0 = massChange in T = 100­22 = 78specific heat = 4.180

So, 200 x 78 x 4.180 = 65208POINTS: 1 / 1FEEDBACK: REF:

B 6. The coefficients necessary to balance the equation correctly are —a. a = 2, b = 1, c = 1, d = 2 c. a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = 1b. a = 1, b = 2, c = 1, d = 2 d. a = 2, b = 2, c = 1, d = 1

ANSWER: BBy using these coefficients, we would have 1 Mg, 2 O, 4 H, and 2 Cl onboth sides

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A 7. A balloon is filled with 3.8 L of helium gas at STP. Approximately how manymoles of helium are contained in the balloon?a. 0.17 mol c. 72 molb. 0.26 mol d. 85 mol

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ANSWER: A

3.8 L x = 0.17mol

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B 8. Which of these elements has the smallest atomic radius?a. Beryllium (Be) c. Sodium (Na)b. Oxygen (O) d. Sulfur (S)

ANSWER: Bsize decreases to top right side of periodic table while they increase tobottom left

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C 9. If 250.0 mL of a 0.96 M solution of acetic acid (C2H4O2) are diluted to 800.0 mL, whatwill be the approximate molarity of the final solution?a. 0.19 M c. 0.30 Mb. 0.24 M d. 0.77 M

ANSWER: CDilution Problem (M1V1=M2V2)(0.96)(250)=(M)(800)M=0.30M

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B 10. An atom contains 70 protons, 70 electrons, and 99 neutrons. What is the massnumber?a. 239 c. 140b. 169 d. 70

ANSWER: BMass = Protons + Neutrons= 70+99=169

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C 11. Which set of equipment would be mostuseful to determine the density of a liquid?a. Balance and periodic table c. Balance and graduated cylinderb. Periodic table and thermometer d. Graduated cylinder and thermometer

ANSWER: C

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Density = mass/volume, so balance for mass and graduated cylinder forvolume

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D 12. Sodium chloride conducts electricity when dissolved in water. What type of bond ispresent in NaCl?a. Nonpolar covalent c. Hydrogenb. Polar covalent d. Ionic

ANSWER: Dionic compounds are good electrolytes in water

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D 13. The picture shows a filtration process. Which of these is least likely to pass into thetest tube?a. Dissolved gases c. Liquid solventsb. Dissolved salts d. Solid particles

ANSWER: Dsolid particles (that aren’t dissolved) will get trapped in the filter and willnot pass through.

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A 14. Which of the following represents the Lewis dot diagram of ammonia (NH3)?

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a. c.

b. d.

ANSWER: A

correct too many H’s

H only need 1 pair of dots H only need 1pair of dots

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D 15. After 1911, most scientists accepted the theory that the nucleus of an atom was verydense and very small and had a positive charge. What led scientists to accept thistheory?a. Dalton’s theory of the atom was over 100 years old.b. Scientists before 1911 used the scientific method of inquiry improperly.c. A new model proved that the quantum theory of the atom was inaccurate.d. Rutherford did an experiment firing alpha particles at a thin piece of gold foil.

ANSWER: Da ­ theories are not thrown out based on age; only if new ideas are better andprove old ideas wrongb ­ the followed a similar model of what we use todayc ­ the quantum theory is more recent than 1911 (its the most modern onethat we talked about)d ­ Rutherford used the gold foil experiment and discovered the nucleus andthat the atom is mostly empty space.

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B 16. A sodium atom has an electron configuration of . If the sodium atombecomes ionized, its new electron configuration will be the same as which element?a. Lithium c. Magnesiumb. Neon d. Potassium

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ANSWER: BIt will lose an electron and become like a noble gas, Neon. 1s22s22p6

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B 17. Which reaction is correctly balanced?

a. c.

b. d.

ANSWER: B

Fe not balanced

correct

SO4 not balanced

Cu not balancedPOINTS: 1 / 1FEEDBACK: REF:

D 18. Which of the following particles has a positive one (+1) charge?a. Alpha c. Neutronb. Electron d. Proton

ANSWER: Dalpha is a Helium Nucleus (+2)electron is ­1neutron is neutral

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C 19. What is the mass of one mole of CO2?a. 24 g c. 44 gb. 28 g d. 56 g

ANSWER: Cthis means what is the molar mass:C = 12x1=12O = 16x2=32 44

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C 20. According to the periodic table, Mg will most likely react with elements in which ofthese groups?a. 1 c. 17b. 3 d. 18

ANSWER: CMg is a metal and would have to react with a nonmetal and group 18 (noblegases) don’t react.

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D 21.

A sample of a gas is in a cylinder as shown. If the temperature is kept constant and thepiston moves down to decrease the volume, the pressure increases because the gasparticles —a. expandb. lose velocity within the containerc. become smallerd. collide more frequently with the container

ANSWER: Dpressure = collisions, less space means they will hit the walls more often

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A 22. Which of the following shows the correct number of atoms of each element in theformula Mg(NO3)2?a. 1 magnesium atom, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atomsb. 1 magnesium atom, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 5 oxygen atomsc. 1 magnesium atom, 1 nitrogen atom, and 6 oxygen atomsd. 1 magnesium atom, 1 nitrogen atom, and 5 oxygen atoms

ANSWER: ALike in math, the 2 gets distributed and multiplied through

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D 23. A student is given a container of potassium nitrate crystals. In order to determine theexact mass of the potassium nitrate using a triple beam balance, he must know the —a. mass of the filled container and the chemical formula for potassium nitrateb. mass of the filled container and the density of potassium nitratec. volume of the filled container and the volume of the potassium nitrated. mass of the empty container and the mass of the filled container

ANSWER: DIf you know the mass of the full and empty container, you can subtract thetwo numbers and the result would be the mass of the potassium nitrate.

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C 24. C­12 and C­13 are naturally­occurring isotopes of the element carbon. C­12 occurs98.89% of the time and C­13 occurs 1.108% of the time. What calculation should beused to determine the atomic mass of this element?

a. c.

b. d.

ANSWER: CTo determine the atomic mass of an isotope, you need to mutliply the massgiven (number after symbol) by the decimal form of the percentage

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B 25. The general equation shown is a reaction that is an —a. exothermic decomposition c. endothermic synthesisb. endothermic decomposition d. exothermic synthesis

ANSWER: Benergy on left means energy was added ­ endothermicAB broke down ­ decomposition

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A 26.

Examine the graph of the temperature of a compound versus heat added to thecompound. Which of the following most likely happens as the compound is heatedfrom point x to point y?a. The phase of the compound changes.b. The mass of the compound is increasing.c. The molecules of the compound lose potential energy.d. The molecules of the compound are breaking apart into atoms.

ANSWER: AWhen a temperature verses heat graph flat lines, it means a phase change isoccuring

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A 27. In order to determine the identity of a substance, a student listed the followingproperties. Which of the following is a chemical property?a. Oxidizes in air c. Attraction to a magnetb. Conducts an electric current d. Dissolves in water

ANSWER: Aoxidation will change the chemical make up of the substance

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D 28. The following results of a scientific study on water were found in a chemistryhandbook.

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What is the independent variable in the study?a. Molar mass c. Vapor pressureb. Melting point d. Temperature

ANSWER: Dthe independent variable is graphed on the x­axis and the dependent isgraphed on the y, so as x changes, y changes as a function of x.

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A 29. Which of the following is a solid/solid solution?a. An alloy of gold and copper c. A strongly electrolytic acidb. A mixture of argon and krypton d. A neutralized base

ANSWER: Aalloys are a mixture of solids, plus gold and copper are solids

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D 30. Which of these compounds is most likely to contain an ionic bond?a. H2 c. CH4b. SO2 d. CaCl2

ANSWER: DTo be ionic, you need a metal and nonmetal

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B 31. The composition of dry air is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen,and 1% other gases. What is the partial pressure of nitrogen at standardatmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa)?a. 21.0 kPa c. 101.3 kPab. 79.0 kPa d. 760.0 kPa

ANSWER: BWhat is 78% of 101.3

101.3 x 0.78 = 79.014POINTS: 1 / 1FEEDBACK: REF:

C 32. A gas has a volume of 100.0 mL at a pressure of 600.0 mm Hg. If the temperature isheld constant, what is the volume of the gas at a pressure of 800.0 mm Hg?a. 33.33 mL c. 75.00 mLb. 66.67 mL d. 133.0 mL

ANSWER: CEither use P1V1=P2V2 or the V chart P T V1 600 ­ 1002 800 ­ ?

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A 33. Which of the following solutions will have the greatest concentration?a. 2 moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solutionb. 0.3 mole of solute dissolved in 0.6 liter of solutionc. 2 moles of solute dissolved in 10 liters of solutiond. 0.1 mole of solute dissolved in 0.5 liter of solution

ANSWER: Aconcentration = mol/L

a = 2b = 0.5c = 0.2d = 0.2

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A 34. The chemical equation shown is an example of a —a. single­replacement reaction c. decomposition reaction

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b. synthesis reaction d. double­replacement reaction

ANSWER: ACu replaced Ag, only one element was replaced

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D 35. Which element is a noble gas?a. Fluorine (F) c. Nitrogen (N)b. Hydrogen (H) d. Xenon (Xe)

ANSWER: Dnoble gases are in column 18

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D 36. To determine if a reaction is exothermic, a student should use a —a. pH probe c. pressure sensorb. motion sensor d. temperature probe

ANSWER: Dexothermic deals with heat being released and heat can be calculated if thetemperature change is known

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A 37. What is the name of NH4OH?a. Ammonium hydroxide c. Nitrogen hydroxideb. Nitrogen oxygen hydride d. Ammonium oxygen hydride

ANSWER: AThis compound is made of two polyatomic ions, NH4+ is ammonium andOH­ is hydroxide(plus most names we look at only have two words)

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B 38. A student hypothesizes that the solubility of a particular solute in water is nearlyconstant as temperature varies. The student can best test the hypothesis by doingwhich of the following?a. Researching the chemical properties of many different solutesb. Measuring the solubility of the solute at five different temperaturesc. Drawing diagrams of the molecular structures of water and of the soluted. Measuring the solubility of several different solutes at a fixed temperature

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ANSWER: BMake the temperature your independent variable; change the temperatureand measure the solublity.

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B 39. Which set of coefficients will balance this equation?a. 3, 1, 1 c. 3, 2, 3b. 2, 3, 2 d. 2, 6, 2

ANSWER: Bchoice b would give 2 P and 6 Br on each side

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A 40. The table shows the measurements of the volume and the pressure of a portion of agas at constant temperature. After graphing, the data reveals that the volume is —a. inversely proportional to pressureb. directly proportional to pressurec. inversely proportional to pressure squaredd. directly proportional to pressure squared

ANSWER: AAs volume increases, pressure decreases; this is a classic inverse

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relationship (plus Boyle’s Law tells us that it is inverse)POINTS: 1 / 1FEEDBACK: REF:

D 41. What is the correct name for the compound P4O6?a. Phosphoric acid c. Phosphorus(IV) oxideb. Phosphorus oxide d. Tetraphosphorus hexoxide

ANSWER: Dtwo nonmetals that don’t start with H, use prefixes

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A 42. To which category does this reaction belong?a. Synthesis c. Single replacementb. Decomposition d. Double replacement

ANSWER: ATwo combined into 1 ­ sythesis

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C 43. As heat is added to a substance undergoing a phase change, the temperature remainsconstant because the energy is being used to —a. break covalent bonds c. overcome intermolecular forcesb. lower the specific heat capacity d. oppose electron cloud repulsions

ANSWER: CThe energy is used to break the forces holding the molecules together. Theforces between molecules are intermolecular (within are intramolecular)

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B 44. How many moles of hydrogen gas are produced when 0.066 mole of sodium iscompletely reacted?a. 0.022 mol H2 c. 0.066 mol H2b. 0.033 mol H2 d. 0.099 mol H2

ANSWER: BStoichiometry ­ mole to mole ­ use mole ratio

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0.066 mol Na x = 0.033

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B 45. The accepted value for the specific heat of aluminum is Whichof the following sets of specific heat values for aluminum, calculated from aprior experiment, has the greatest accuracy and precision?

a.

b.

c.

d.

ANSWER: BWe are looking for the numbers that are close to each other (precise) andclose to 0.897 (accurate)

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B 46. A 1.0 M aqueous solution of which substance would have the lowest pH?a. NH3 c. Ba(OH)2b. HCl d. NaF

ANSWER: BThe lowest pH would be caused by the substance that is most acidic, andHCl is the most obvious substance that is an acid (starts with H).

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D 47. What is the chemical formula for iron(II) phosphide?a. Fe2P c. FeP2b. Fe2P3 d. Fe3P2

ANSWER: D

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The (II) meanss that Fe has a +2 charge and from periodic table we see thatP has a ­3 charge, so after switchy­switchyFe+2 P­3 becomes Fe3P2

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B 48. In a mixture of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen gas (N2), 80.0 percent of the totalgas pressure is exerted by the nitrogen. If the total pressure is 2.0 atm, whatpressure does the oxygen exert?a. 0.20 atm c. 0.80 atmb. 0.40 atm d. 1.6 atm

ANSWER: BThe two gases added together should equal 2.0 atm. Since nitrogen makesup 80%, that means nitrogen would be 2 x 0.80 = 1.6 atm. Therefore,oxygen is 2.0 ­ 1.6 =0.4 atm

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C 49. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, is neutralized by magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2, according to the equation shown. How many moles of water will be producedfrom the neutralization of 0.24 mole of H3PO4?a. 0.24 mol c. 0.72 molb. 0.48 mol d. 1.44 mol

ANSWER: Cstoichiometry ­ moles to moles ­ mole ratio

0.24 mol H3PO4 x = 0.72

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A 50. Which of the following is a balanced equation?a. H2 + Br2 ­­> 2HBr c. H2 + 2Br2 ­­> 2HBrb. H2 + Br2 ­­> HBr d. 2H2 + Br2 ­­> HBr

ANSWER: AThis one would result in 2 H and 2 Br on each side

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