2006: MB Alternatives Being Developed in GA

University of Georgia

Tifton Campus

Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption

Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption

PRICE OF BROMIDE!

Loss of Methyl Bromide

OBJECTIVE

Develop and implement economical fumigant alternatives to MB

Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam

20062004

Viable MB Fumigant Alternatives

1. MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)

2. DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)

Trade Name will be Accolade

3. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam

MB Alternatives Research on LDPE

1. MIDAS (50:50 at 350 lb/A broadcast)

2. DMDS (79:21 at 74 G/A broadcast)

3. Telone II (12G) fb chloropicrin (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G)

4. MB (67:33 at 350 lb/A broadcast)

5. None

Fumigants LDPE

MB $929

T2/Pic/Vapam $698

DMDS

MIDAS $2108

Culpepper’s Cost of Fumigant and Mulch Per Acre of Land (32” bedtop, 5 ft center)

HUGE ASSUMPTION MB 67:33 is $3.75/lb.

Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam

20062004

MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and DMDS

Applications of Telone II

Chloropicrin

Metam Application

Non-treated

MIDAS MB

DMDS 3 Way

Spring Fall

None 86 b 96 c

MIDAS 0.8 a 1 a

MB 0.0 a 3 ab

DMDS 2.5 a 11 b

3 way 5.0 a 11 b

Number of Purple Nutsedge Plants Per Plot at Harvest (1 bed 25 feet). 2006

Alternative Mulches

No fumigant

MB 350 lb/A Broadcast

LDPE Metalized

MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast

LDPE Metalized

DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast

LDPE Metalized

Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch with Methyl Bromide Applied Under LDPE or Metalized

Smooth Mulch. 4 WAT. LTF, Fall 2005.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

MB 400 lb, LDPE

MB 300 lb, LDPE

MB 300 lb, Met. S

MB 200 lb, Met. S

a

d

b

c

Plots were 3 beds by 1500 row feet. Counts made on 3 beds 400 row feet.

How Do Alternative Mulches Work?

MB MB MB

MB MB MB

How Do Alternative Mulches Work?

High Concentration

MB MB MB

How Do Alternative Mulches Work?

Fumigants LDPE Metalized/VIF

MB $929 $857

MIDAS $2108 $1380

DMDS

T2/Pic/Vapam $698 $898

Culpepper’s Cost of Fumigant and Mulch Per Acre of Land (32” bedtop, 5 ft center)

Assumption: Rate of MB/MIDAS can be reduced 40% when applied under metalized/VIF mulch.

*

Large On Farm Trials

**

Treatments (Large Plot Efforts)

1. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam2. MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)

MB 3 Way

Nutsedge 2.4 a 0 a

Purslane 0.2 a 1.0 a

Pitted MG 6.0 a 4.6 a

Smallflower MG 0 a 0.1 a

Palmer amaranth

0.2 a 0 a

Weed Response to MB Alternatives

Harvested 3 trials

1. Pepper2. Cantaloupe3. Tomato

YIELDS

MB did not beat 3 Way at any location

1. Do I need Telone, Pic, and Vapam?

Other Options?

Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G)

V4-05, 60 DAT

Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G)

V4-05, 60 DAT

Telone C35 (35 G) fb Pic (150 lbs)

V4-05, 60 DAT

MB 3 Way

Pic/

Vapam

Telone/

Vapam

Nutsedge 7 c 15 bc 38 b 85 a

Weed Response to MB Alternatives

Bill Brim – Lewis Taylor Farms

Issues With Alternatives

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

VIF LDPE

Telone II fb chloropicrin

Transplanted 21 DAT

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

2. Color of mulch impact on growth.

Issues With Alternatives

LDPE MS VIF

MIDAS 83% cd 105% ab 64% ef

MB 100% bc 105% ab 67% def

DMDS 94% bc 115% a 71% def

3 way 94% bc 106% ab 69% def

Soil 105 F

white

99 F

silver

112 F

grey

Pepper Fruit Relative to MB. Fall 2006.

LDPE MS

Pooled over 5 fumigant systems

24.0 a 20.5 b

Soil 84 F 68 F

Pounds of Pepper For Harvest 1 and 2 in Spring Trial. Pooled Over Fumigants.

Issues With Alternatives

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

2. Color of mulch impact on growth.

3. Life span of alternative mulch.

Issues With Alternatives

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

2. Color of mulch impact on growth.

3. Life span of alternative mulch.

4. Higher price of alternative mulch.

Issues With Alternatives

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

2. Color of mulch impact on growth.

3. Life span of alternative mulch.

4. Higher price of alternative mulch.

5. Application Procedures

Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play A Crucial Role

Picture provided by Tony Weiss, Dow Agro.

Issues

1. Interval between fumigating and planting.

2. Color of mulch impact on growth.

3. Life span of alternative mulch.

4. Higher price of alternative mulch.

5. Application Procedures

6. Spring vs. fall application in GA

Bigger Issue than Loss of MB?

Bigger Issue than Loss of MB?

BUFFER RESTRICTIONS FOR ALL FUMIGANTS

Cooperators

On Farm Cooperators

Coggins Farms

Lewis Taylor Farms

Southern Valley Produce

Application Help

Hendrix and Dail

John Mirusso

Industry

AmVac

Arysta

Cerexagri

Dow Agro