2003.12.2-3 Kilnam Chon KAIST Korea [email protected] Advanced Networks and Digital Divide in...
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Transcript of 2003.12.2-3 Kilnam Chon KAIST Korea [email protected] Advanced Networks and Digital Divide in...
2003.12.2-3
Kilnam ChonKAISTKorea
Advanced Networks and Digital Divide in East Asia
2003 Int’l Symposium on Bridging the Digital Divide in East Asia
Table of Contents
1. Digital Divide on Research and Education Networks in East Asia 2. Digital Divide on Broadband Access 3. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth 4. Intercontinental Trade 5. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth for Asian Countries 6. APAN Network Topology 7. Regional Net Groups 8. Lambda Networking in North Asia 9. Broadband Access10. Broadband Applications : Classification11. EuropeAid12. RemarkReferenceAppendix : Latest Gigabit/Lambda Networking – Asia and the World
1. Digital Divide on Research and Education Networks in East Asia
Aggregated International Bandwidth (in Gbps)
North East Asia (2003.12) (2004.12) China 0.5 6 Japan 23.0 40 Korea 2.2 2.4 Taiwan 5.3 5.3
South East Asia Cambodia ? ? Indonesia 0.002 0.002 Laos ? ? Malaysia 0.002 0.06 Myanmar ? ? Philippines 0.003 0.003 Singapore 0.1 0.1 Thailand 0.2 0.2 Vietnam 0.002 0.002
(USA) > 140.0 (Netherlands) 30~40
2. Digital Divide on Broadband Access
0 5 10 15 20 25
Finland
Singapore
Japan
Sw itzerland
United States
Netherlands
Austria
Sw eden
Belgium
Denmark
Iceland
Taiw an, China
Canada
Hong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
DSL
Cable
Other
Broadband penetration, subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, 2002
21.3
14.6
11.5
8.6
8.4
7.7
6.6
6.5
6.5
6.1
5.5
5.3
50%
45%
5%
Breakdown of technology worldwide, 2002
9.4
6.3
8.7
Source : ITUNote : Data for Canada and United States are estimates.
3. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth
NorthAmerica
LatinAmerica
Asia
Europe
Africa
162Gbps
0.4Gbps
14Gbps
0.8Gbps
1.2Gbps 42Gbps
Telegeography 2001
4. Intercontinental Trade
Europe
Asia
NorthAmerica
428 Billion
413 Billion
564 Billion
WTO International Trade Statistics 2000
5. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth for Asian Countries
Japan
China
India
Hong Kong
Korea
Singapore
Malaysia
Philippines
Taiwan
Europe
North America
0.95Gpps
0.39Gpps 18.0
3Gbp
s
0.1Gbps1.64Gbps
3.73Gbps
ASIA
0.37
Gbp
s
0.54
Gbp
s1.
03G
bps
3.6
5G
bps
0.53
Gbp
s
0.06Gbps
0.07Gbps
0.40Gbps
1.93Gbps
0.02Gbps
0.20Gbps
0.15Gbps
0.10Gbps
2.56
Gbps
1.17Gbps
0.65Gbps
Telegeography 2001
6. APAN Network Topology
Access PointExchange PointCurrent Status2004 (plan)
USA
Europe
Australia
Indonesia
Vietnam
Sri Lanka
Korea
Thailand
Malaysia
Singapore
Taiwan
Russia
Philippines
China
Hong Kong
Japan
7. Regional Net Groups
APAN Member
For more information : http://apan.net/documents/linkinfo.xls
TWHK
Russia
South Asia Net
Central Asia Net
China
PH
AU
MYSG
CN
KR
Oceania Net
South East Asia Net
North Asia Net
CentralAsia
WestAsia
LK
SouthAsia Net
JP
TH
8. Lambda Networking in North Asia
LambdaLambda (in 2004~2005)
CA*net
GEANT
Surfnet
US Exchange
AbileneESNETNRENDREN
CERNShanghai
Seoul-XP
Busan
Kyushu Tokyo-XP
RENATER
Nordunet
SuperJANET
DFN
Beijing
Hong Kong
(USA-Europe-Russia)
9. Broadband Access
9.1 Wireline
9.2 Wireless
9.3 Broadband Penetration
9.4 Broadband Access (2003)
(1) Dialup ~ 64 Kbps
(2) DSL/Cable 0.1 ~ 40 Mbps Cable 1~ 10 Mbps (shared) ADSL 1~ 8 Mbps (dedicated) VDSL 20~ 50 Mbps or more (dedicated) (3) Ethernet 100 Mbps ~ 10 Gbps (dedicated)
9.1 Wireline
(1) Wireless LAN 802.11b 11 Mbps (shared) 802.11a 54 Mbps (shared) 802.11g 54 Mbps (shared) 802.16 50 Mbps 802.20 2 Mbps with mobility
(2) Mobile Phone 2.5~3G 0.1~ 2 Mbps 4G 20~50 Mbps
9.2 Wireless
9.3
0 5 10 15 20 25
Finland
Singapore
Japan
Sw itzerland
United States
Netherlands
Austria
Sw eden
Belgium
Denmark
Iceland
Taiw an, China
Canada
Hong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
DSL
Cable
Other
Broadband penetration, subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, 2002
21.3
14.6
11.5
8.6
8.4
7.7
6.6
6.5
6.5
6.1
5.5
5.3
50%
45%
5%
Breakdown of technology worldwide, 2002
9.4
6.3
8.7
Source : ITUNote : Data for Canada and United States are estimates.
Economy Subscribers Per Capital Per Household Growth Rate
Korea 10 million 21% 75% ~20%Hong Kong 1 million 15% > 100%Taiwan 2.5 million 11% >100~300%Canada 2.5 million 11% 36% ~20%Japan 11 million 9% 27% >100~300%Singapore 0.3 million 7% ~20%USA 16 million 7% 18% ~20%
Remark: China is catching up, in particular among big cities. Korea, Canada and Sweden are leading in LAN(100 Mbps) Source : Wall Street Journal (2003.10.13), ITU (2003.4.7) and Others
9.4 Broadband Access (2003)
10. Broadband Applications : Classification
(1) General Internet Access - Browsing - Messaging - File Downloading - Games
(2) Audio and Video - Audio Delivery - Internet Telephony - Video Delivery - Video Conference
(3) New Applications - Peer-to-Peer Applications - Distributed Work - Distance Learning - Home Content
11. EuropeAid
- Southeast Europe (SEEREN) - The Mediterranean (EUMED)- Latin America (ALICE)- Asia (“TEIN2”) for ASEM/ASEAN+ countries need good regional cooperation effort
Project for Developing Countries
12. Remark
1. Digital divides may be widening in advanced networks.2. Some emerging from developing countries to developed countries. (Example : Korea, China, ….)3. Need good charging policy on telecommunication links.
(from monopoly to market-driven)4. Many developing countries could take advantage of “late comer” in particular on the broadband access and wireless.5. Need good regional cooperation.
Reference
K. Chon Global Research & Education Networking,2003.
K. Chon Broadband Networks,2003.
ITU Promoting Broadband : Background Paper,2003.
EuropeAid www.dante.net
1. Lambda Networking in Asia (in 2004)
Appendix 1. Latest Gigabit/Lambda Networking in Asia and the World
Europe
Russia
China
Hong Kong
Korea
Japan
Taiwan
USA10Gbps
100 Gbps
2.5~10Gbps2Gbps
35Gbps
3Gbps2.5Gbps
5Gbps
2. Major Programs in USA
- 10 Gbps Around the World
Gloriad : USA – (Amsterdam) – Russia – China TransPac : USA – Japan ESNET : USA – Europe
- National Lambda Rail (HOPI : Hybrid Optical Packet Infrastructure)
2.1 Gloriad
3. Major Programs in Europe
- EuropAid to All Continents
Eastern Europe (SEEREN)Mediterranean (EUMED)Latin America (ALICE)Asia (TEIN 2)(Africa)
- GEANT 2 (2004-2008)
4. Asia
Japan : Japan – Hong Kong : 2.5 Gbps (in 2004) Japan – Korea : 2 Gbps
Japan – USA : TransPac 5 Gbps (20Gbps in 2004) SINET 5 Gbps IEEAF 10 Gbps
China : China – Russia –(Amsterdam)– USA 10 Gbps (in 2004) China – Hong Kong 3.1 Gbps (in 2004)
Taiwan : Taiwan – USA 5 Gbps
5. TransLight Lambdas
European lambdas to US–8 GigEs Amsterdam—Chicago–8 GigEs London—Chicago
Canadian lambdas to US–8 GigEs Chicago-Canada-NYC–8 GigEs Chicago-Canada-Seattle
US lambdas to Europe–4 GigEs Chicago—Amsterdam–3 GigEs Chicago—CERN
European lambdas–8 GigEs Amsterdam—CERN –2 GigEs Prague—Amsterdam–2 GigEs Stockholm—Amsterdam–8 GigEs London—Amsterdam
TransPAC lambda (yellow)–1 GigE Chicago—Tokyo
IEEAF lambdas (blue)–8 GigEs NYC—Amsterdam–8 GigEs Seattle—Tokyo
6. Global Lambda Interconnection Facility (GLIF)
DWDM SURFnet
Expected 2H03
10 Gbit/s
SURFnet10 Gbit/s
SURFnet10 Gbit/s
IEEAF10 Gbit/s
GenevaCERN
GenevaCERN
DwingelooASTRON/JIVE
DwingelooASTRON/JIVE
PragueCzechLight
PragueCzechLight
2.5 Gbit/s
NSF10 Gbit/s
ChicagoStarLightChicagoStarLight
LondonUKLightLondonUKLight
StockholmNorthern
Light
StockholmNorthern
Light
CA*net4
2.5 Gbit/s
New YorkMANLANNew YorkMANLAN
TokyoWIDETokyoWIDE
10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
IEEAF10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
2.5 Gbit/s
2.5 Gbit/s
TokyoAPANTokyoAPAN
AmsterdamNetherLightAmsterdamNetherLight
7. Lambda Workshop
2001. 9 Amsterdam
2002. 9 Amsterdam (?)
2003. 8 Iceland (Nordunet)
2004. 9 London (eScience)
2005. 9 San Diego (iGrid)
8. Remark
1)Internet 2
1st Phase vBNS (ATM)
2nd Phase Abilene (SONET)
3rd PhaseAbilene + NLR (HOPI)
Remark : NLR National Lambda Rail HOPI Hybrid Optical Packet Infrastructure
Reference
APAN apan.net
CCIRN www.ccirn.org
GEANT www.dante.org
Gloriad www.ccirn.org/general/presentation3.htm
TransLight www.ccirn.org/general/presentation3.htm
(Tom DeFanti)