CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEX

2003.11 Khon Kaen, Thailand

GISP Report, Radiation

Teruyuki Nakajima(teruyuki@ccsr.u-tokyo.ac.jp)

Center for Climate System ResearchThe University of Tokyo

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXWhat is the SKYNET?

Network of observation sites for atmospheric radiation Grass roots activity: Universities/Institutes, GAME, APEX,

ACECAP, ADEOS-II/GLI etc. since 1998 NASA/AERONET, GEWEX/BSRN, WMO/GAW Data policy

Permission; co-authorship or acknowledgment Data owners share all SKYNET data and software Data release to the SKYNET data center at earliest timin

g Data to public within one and half years

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXSKYNET Workshop

12 Nov. 2003 35 Participants Visits at Phimai and Sri-Samrong Coordination of SKYNET, AERONET, AR

M, and ABC

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Sites for aerosols, clouds, and radiation

SKYNETAPEX

Koganei

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Place Fukue-jima(Jpn) Miyako-jima(Jpn) Amami-Ohshima(Jpn)

Latitude 32.749N 24.734N 28.43N

Longitude 128.683E 125.328E 129.68E

Prof. Hayasaka/RIHN

Prof. Ohta/Hokkaido Univ

Aerosol

Optical thickness Sky radiometer(Existing until 2003

summer)Angstrom exponent i-sky radiometer

(set on 2003 summer)Vertical profile/NIES Lidar Lidar Lidar

Scattering coefficient Integrating nephelometerM903

Integrating nephelometerM903

Integrating nephelometerM903

Absorption coefficient Sampling photometer SP-Y01

Sampling photometer SP-Y01/ Absorption meter

PSAP

Sampling photometer SP-Y01/ Absorption meter

PSAPOptical particle counter Optical particle counter

Met One Model 237 Met One Model 237

Particle mass conc.

Aerosol chemical composition Hokkaido U., Prof. Ohta'sGroup

Dr. Tsuruta

Cloud

Optical thickness

Effective radius

Cloud amount Skyview PSV-100 Skyview PSV-100 Skyview PSV-100

Liquid water path Microwave radiometerWVR-1100

Microwave radiometerWVR-1100

FM-CW 94GHz radar

(Only Intensive Exp.)

Radiation

pyrheliometer(CH-01) pyrheliometer

NIR pyrheliometer(CH-01 with RG715)

CH-01

Global solar radiation Pyranometer Pyranometer(CM21) Pyranometer

(Downward) CM21 NIR Pyranometer(CM21 with RG715)

CM21

Pyrgeometer Pyrgeometer Pyrgeometer

PIR PIR PIR

GAS

Surface ozone Ozone monitor (CRIEPI,Hayami)

Ozone meter

Surface SO2 SO2 monitor (Criepi,Hayami)

SO2 meter

NH3 gas NH3 monitor (Criepi,Hayami)

NOx

HC

CO

HNO3 gas

Direct solar radiation

Terrestrial radiation(downward)

Vertical profile

Particle number density Optical particle counter(RION KC01-D1)

i-sky radiometer i-sky radiometer(2003 summer)

i-sky radiometer

Responsibility Dr. Uchiyama/MRI Prof.Takamura/Chiba Univ

i-sky radiometer withpolarizer

i-sky radiometer

SKYNET instrumentation

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXSKUNET data flow

Sri-Samrong

Hefei

Gosan

Amami

Fukue

Miyako

Chula. U., ThanaTMD

AIOFM., ZhouIAP, Shi

SNU, Sohn

CeRES, Takamura

RIHN, Hayasaka

MRI, Uchiyama

CeRESData center

Fukui U., Aokisun/sky

CeRES, TakamuraMicro, sky view

SNU, SohnRadiative fluxes

NIES, SugimotoLidar

Sites Site managers Data center Analysis centers&Web sites

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

MODIS monthly meanAerosol type remote sensing

Higurashi and Nakajima (GRL2002)

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEXFukue May

2003

Forest fire

NIES Lidar netN. Sugimoto

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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Complex refractiveindex

PyrheliometerPyranometer

PREDESkyradiometer

Diffuse flux

Direct flux

Sun/sky spectra

Aerosol sizedistribution

Aerosol opticalthickness

Single scatteringalbedo

Aerosol directforcing

Aerosol indirectforcing

Cloud forcing

SeaWiFS/MODISaerosols

MODIS clouds

GMS cloudamounts

Aerosol and (cloud: ABC) radiative forcing retrieval

Chem-Phys. Meas.

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXARF/

30 Charlson 92: No abs.

RF(sfc)= 50% () 12% () 6% (g)

63 Nakajima 03: APEX70 Russel 99: TARFOX75 Ramanathan 01: INDOEX

90

50

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXUNEP/ABC project UNEP C. Töfler V. Ramanathan, P. Crutzen Meeting with Surendra Shrestha, 13 Aug. 2003

Director, UNEP-Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP), Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific (RRCAP)

T. Nakajima, M. Hashizume, Boossarasiri Thana Meeting at Ministry of Natural Resources and Environme

nt, 15 Aug. Ampan Pintukanok, Director, Office of International C

ooperation on Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

Nakajima, Hashizume, Somchai Nakapadungrat, Boossarasiri

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

ABC sites

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

New Phimai site perspective Possible move of Sri-Samrong site to Phimai site Meeting at BRRAA, 15 Aug.

Waewchark Kongpolporm, Director, Bureau of the Royal Rainmaking and Agriculture Aviation, Warawut Khantiyanan

Nakajima, Hashizume, Noppadol Muangnoicharoen, Boossarasiri

Meeting at Chulalongkorn U., 13 Aug. Usanee Yodyingyuard, Vice President Nakajima, Hashizume, Noppadol Muangnoicharoen, B

oossarasiri

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Sri-Samrong

Phimai

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEX

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEX

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Newer developedAsian Particles Monitoring System in NIESAsian Particles Monitoring System in NIES

■Control Machine Intel Pentium4 (2.53GHz)x1■Cluster Machines AMD Athlon (2.1GHz) x 2cpu x 4■Hard disk Control Machine (80GB)

Cluster Machine (160GB)RAID (1.2TB@RAID5)

Cloud module(CAPCOM)

Aerosol module(REAP)

TRMM/VIRS,TMI module(CAPCOM+α, not yet started)

Pre-analysis module

Control+Data receiving

IIS/U-Tokyo

MODIS data

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEX

TyphoonTyphoon Etau Etau captured by GLI captured by GLI (Aug. 7, 2003) (Aug. 7, 2003)

RGB image Droplet sizeCloud thickness& Water vapor

Small:WhiteLarge: Blue

Cloud: BlueWV: Yellow

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Collocated-Coincident observation Collocated-Coincident observation MODIS vs G-II SPIDERMODIS vs G-II SPIDER

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

QuickTime˛ Ç∆GIF êLí£ÉvÉçÉOÉâÉÄǙDZÇÃÉsÉNÉ`ÉÉÇ å©ÇÈÇΩÇflÇ…ÇÕïKóvÇ≈Ç∑ÅB

Onset of Biomass-CO, SO4, Dust

Stream line at 3 km

Complex Asian Aerosol Mixture

CCSR/NIES+SPRINTARS

CFORS; I. Uno (2003)

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Takemura (2002)

SPRINTARS vs SeaWiFS (Higurashi)

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

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APEX

Global & Annual Mean SAT ChangeGlobal & Annual Mean SAT Change

Nozawa (2003)

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEXWithout aerosol indirect(cloud lifetime) effect

With aerosol indirect(cloud lifetime effect)

Rel

ativ

e hu

mid

ity

Clo

ud w

ater

UnrealisticallyShallow PBL

GCM aerosol-cloud interaction process

Emori (2003)

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

CCSRUNIV.TOKYO

APREX

APEX

Radiative forcing of climate change factors from 1850

0

1

2

3

-1

-2

Aerosol indirect effect(TOA)

GHGs

Aerosol direct(TOA)

-0.20

IPCC TAR(2001)

Takemura et al.(2002)

Nakajima et al.(GRL2001)

IPCC TAR

AVHRRocean

2nd

1st

-0.43

-0 ~ -2

1st kindonly

+2.6

Nozawa(IPCC2001)

-1.1

-1.3

-0.18-0.14

-1.4

n

1st+2nd

Sekiguchi et al.(2003)

POLDEROcean Land

/Na/Na=0.3

-0.23

Kaufman(2003)

AVHRRocean

-1.1

-2.6

O-L= 1.5

Ocean Land

IPCC TAR(2001)

(Surface)

-1.5Takemura

(2003)

Takemura(2003)

Huan (2003)

Na/Na~1Nc=f (Na )

L(NIR)L(Angle)

Na/Na=0.3