2002.12.05 - SLIDE 1IS 202 – FALL 2002 Lecture 27: Final Review Prof. Ray Larson & Prof. Marc...
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Transcript of 2002.12.05 - SLIDE 1IS 202 – FALL 2002 Lecture 27: Final Review Prof. Ray Larson & Prof. Marc...
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 1IS 202 – FALL 2002
Lecture 27: Final Review
Prof. Ray Larson & Prof. Marc Davis
UC Berkeley SIMS
Tuesday and Thursday 10:30 am - 12:00 pm
Fall 2002http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/academics/courses/is202/f02/
SIMS 202:
Information Organization
and Retrieval
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 2IS 202 – FALL 2002
Announcements
• Extra Credit due date extended until December 13
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 3IS 202 – FALL 2002
Storytelling(narrative structures)
Information Architecture
Approach to User Interface Design
Interaction Design
MediaDesign
points of view
politics of information
scenarios
From Abbe Don, 202 Lecture 2001
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 4IS 202 – FALL 2002
What is information architecture?
• Information Architect: n. 1) the individual who organizes the patterns inherent in data, making the complex clear. 2) a person who creates the structure or map of information which allows others to find their personal paths to knowledge. 3) the emerging 21st century professional occupation addressing the needs of the age focused upon clarity, human understanding and the science of the organization of information.– Richard Saul Wurman, Information Architects, 1996
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 5IS 202 – FALL 2002
Elements of information architecture
• Organization systems
• Labeling systems
• Navigation systems
• Search and indexing systems
• Metaphor systems
• Audience analyses
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 6IS 202 – FALL 2002
Elements of Information Architecture
*
*
*= major labels
Organization system
*
*
**
***
**
**
*
**
Search System
Navigation System
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 7IS 202 – FALL 2002
Organization Systems
• Ways to Organize Information– Topics– Tasks– Processes– Metaphors– Narratives– Audiences
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 8IS 202 – FALL 2002
Types of Labels
• Labels as indexing and search terms
• Link labels
• Labels as headings
• Labels within navigation systems (e.g., pull down menus)
• Icons
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 9IS 202 – FALL 2002
Navigation Systems
• Types– Hierarchical– Global– Local– Other?
• Information access methods including social navigation, berrypicking, etc.
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 10IS 202 – FALL 2002
Search and Indexing Systems
• Search– database versus text search– Good search engines can handle multiple notations– People are interested in searching db fields for
ecommerce– Synonyms
• mostly per domain• Inktomi includes American to British synonyms
– Interfaces• Basic search everywhere• Simple search page• Advanced search page with all options• Put “search” on the button• Integrate search with browsing
(from Avi Rappoport’s lecture of 27 Sept 2001)
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 11IS 202 – FALL 2002
Metaphor Systems
• Organizational metaphors (e.g., website organized according to corporate structure)
• Functional metaphors (e.g., website organized like a libraries, with volumes, shelves, catalogs, etc.)
• Visual metaphors (e.g., website organized like a machine or a city)
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 12IS 202 – FALL 2002
Metaphor Systems
• Recall Lakoff and Johnson’s metaphors of embodiment and their use in cognitive mapping of websites (e.g., Maglio et al., 1999).
• E.g, how does one move in, up, down, etc. in navigating a website.
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 13IS 202 – FALL 2002
Audience
• Who is the website for?• How does one describe this audience?
– Scenarios– Personae (see Alan Cooper, About Face: The
Essentials of User Interface Design)• Goals and Tasks
• Enthnography (see Illinois Institute of Technology, Design Department)
• Usability studies (see Nielsen and Norman Group)
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 14IS 202 – FALL 2002
Case Study
• Don and Co. example from Abbe Don (Abbe Don Interactive, Co) from IS 202 Lecture, Fall 2001
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 15IS 202 – FALL 2002
Edward Don & Company
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 16IS 202 – FALL 2002
System Components
AS400
Purchasing
WarehouseInventory
InvoicesPayments
Sales ForceAutomation
Web ecommerce
App ServertemplatesDAM
QuarkExpress
Extensions
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 17IS 202 – FALL 2002
Taxonomy (catalog at www.don.com)
• KITCHEN– COOKWARE
• Stock Pots– heavy weight – standard weight – stainless steel – lids
• Sauce Pots– heavy weight – standard weight – lids
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 18IS 202 – FALL 2002
The Big False Assumptions
• The AS400 classification system was accurate and consistent
• The AS400 classification system contained all the business logic necessary to run the business, including generating marketing communications materials
• EY built web architecture and database based on AS400 system
• Image, Inc. assumed AS400 classification as basis of DAM database design
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 19IS 202 – FALL 2002
The Bearer of Bad News
• Class/subclass was ok• Things below that were a mess• A lot of “human translation” was done between
the AS400 and the marketing communications print materials to get them into “customer ready” form
• The internal owner of the classification system dug in his heels
• The two outside vendors blamed each other, denied responsibility and were reluctant to fix the problem
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 20IS 202 – FALL 2002
Resolving the Issues
• Could barely talk about the problem because everyone had a different vocabulary and understanding of the issues
• Created detailed HTML page mockups (live demo)• AS400 taxonomy changed to
category/subcategory/class/subclass• Entire taxonomy was reviewed and edited• Marketing Communications “presentation” model
which was previously thought to correspond to “class” was not in synch.
• Business Rules project initiated to synchronize “managing the business” and “communicate with customers.”
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 21IS 202 – FALL 2002
Lecture Overview
• Review– Information Architecture
• What is information architecture?• Elements of information architecture
– Organization systems– Labeling systems– Navigation systems– Search and indexing systems– Metaphor systems– Audience analyses
• Case Study
• Final ReviewCredit for some of the slides in this lecture goes to Warren Sack and Abbe Don
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 22IS 202 – FALL 2002
Final Exam Details
• Due to some scheduling conflicts we are giving the final TWICE
• Dates: December 12 and December 13– Show of hands…
• Time: 9:30-12:30• The exam is open-book and open note• It will be hand-written, so be sure to bring:
– Pens/Pencils– Calculator– (Paper will be provided on the exam itself, but
you may want to bring scratch paper)
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 23IS 202 – FALL 2002
Final Exam Details
• The exam will be comprehensive, covering both the Organization and Retrieval parts of the course – be the emphasis will be on the last half (Retrieval)
• Questions will be worth a specific number of points and these will be stated on the exam itself
• Partial credit will be awarded for partial answers• In your answers, please balance conciseness
with illustration of all of the requested information– In other words, don't write a lot of things that aren't
asked for, but try to address all of what is asked for
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 24IS 202 – FALL 2002
Study Guide
• To study for the exam:• Be sure you understand the material that was
covered in lectures and have read and absorbed the corresponding material in the readings
• Be sure you can do activities similar to what was done in the homework assignments
• We will have questions that require you to generalize from what you've learned and synthesize ideas– So be sure you have thought about the ideas covered
in lecture, readings, and homework assignments
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 25IS 202 – FALL 2002
Example Questions
• These are available on the Class Web site• Note that these examples are NOT the
exact questions that will be on the exam but are similar to questions that have been used in the past
• There will be questions that ask you to do something with supplied data– For example, given some data, design an ER
diagram describing the data elements and their relationships
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 26IS 202 – FALL 2002
Example Questions
• The example questions on the web site are organized (approximately) in the order that the topics were presented during the course:– Information– Metadata– Classification/Category Design– Human Category structure– Database Design– Documents and Statistics of Text– Lexical Relationships– Queries, Ranking, and the Vector Space Model– IR Systems and Implementation– Evaluation of IR Systems– The Search process and User Interfaces– Relevance Feedback– Web Site Design– The design process
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 27IS 202 – FALL 2002
Course Outline
• Organization– Overview– Categorization– Metadata and markup– Metadata for multimedia
• Photo Project
– Controlled vocabularies, classification, thesauri
– Information design• Thesaurus design
• Database design
• Retrieval– The search process– Content analysis
• Tokenization, Zipf’s law, lexical associations
– IR implementation– Term weighting and
document ranking• Vector space model
– User interfaces• Overviews, query
specification, providing context
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 28IS 202 – FALL 2002
Review of Course Content
• We can draw on:– 27 sets of Slides (including this one)– Handout papers– The Reader– Textbooks
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 29IS 202 – FALL 2002
Your Questions
• What topics would you like more explanation for?
2002.12.05 - SLIDE 30IS 202 – FALL 2002
Study hard, and good luck!
Thank you for all the great work!