ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FORUM

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

2OYEARS

“…to give political stimulus to the dialogue on the transition

to and development of free-market economies as

an essential contribution to the building of democracy, to

suggest practical efforts for the development of free-market systems

and economic co-operation…”Mandate of the Forum, 1992

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2

1992The Conference on Security and Co-operation

in Europe (CSCE) creates the Economic Forum.

This follows the second meeting of the then 47

CSCE foreign ministers at the Ministerial Coun-

cil in Prague (30 January) and the adoption of the

document “Challenges of Change” at the Helsinki

Summit on 9 and 10 July.

The Forum is established within the larger frame-

work of the Committee of Senior Of!cials. Its man-

date is to stimulate a dialogue that helps countries

within the CSCE area to develop free-market econ-

omies and to suggest practical efforts to foster

economic co-operation.

The formative years!"#$%& '()*%+,"*$-

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Its functions include:

to serve as an important mechanism for

reviewing the implementation of CSCE com-

mitments in the areas of economics, the envi-

ronment and science and technology

to disseminate information, help identify

structural problems and suggest practical

efforts

to give political impulses that complement

and support work in the international eco-

nomic and environmental organizations.

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4

1993The !rst Economic Forum takes place in Prague

from 16 to 18 March.

In the early years, the participating States focus

their attention on making the Forum a more effec-

tive instrument.

The Budapest Declaration, adopted in the follow-

ing year, stresses that the Forum remains the main

venue for discussion of issues that touch upon

the economic dimension. The participating States

declare that they are “committed to making the

Forum more dynamic through the careful prepara-

tion of each meeting well in advance” and “to allow

for maximum discussion.”

At the same time, it is recognized that the success

of the Forum depends on the active and high-

level participation of a wide range of representa-

tives, among them from governments, international

institutions, the private sector, business associa-

tions, labour unions, academic communities, and

non-governmental organizations with relevant

experience.

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6

2003Ten years after the !rst meeting of the Economic

Forum – the CSCE had since been renamed the

Organization for Security and Co-operation in

Europe, and the Committee of Senior Of!cials

turned into the Senior Council – the participating

States reaf!rm in the Maastricht Strategy Docu-

ment for the Economic and Environmental Dimen-

sion that the Forum

“…remains the major annual event of, and provides the annual focus for activities in, the OSCE eco-nomic and environmental dimension.”

They also call for it to be made more effective by

better targeting its themes on issues of major con-

cern, an improved preparatory process, and an

effective procedure to ensure that the issues dis-

cussed are duly followed up. A year later, the par-

ticipating States meet in So!a and adopt the Minis-

terial Council Decision on Improving the Ef!ciency

and Effectiveness of the Economic Forum.

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2006On 26 July, the participating States decide to dis-

solve the Senior Council and to continue conven-

ing the Forum as a regular OSCE meeting with the

same mandate and functions.

Its name is changed on 19 October to take into

account both the economic and environmental

dimension of its work, making it now of!cially the

OSCE Economic and Environmental Forum.

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9

Its purpose and structure re!ned over the years,

the Forum now represents a fundamental link

between the different activity areas of the OSCE’s

economic and environmental dimension. It regu-

larly targets major issues of concern in this dimen-

sion and contributes thus to formulating the Organ-

ization’s strategic direction. This includes develop-

ing policy guidelines, making speci!c recommen-

dations, and pursuing concrete follow-up activities.

The annual Forum process brings together govern-

ments, civil society and international organizations,

the business and the academic community, who

use it as a means of mutual consultation and to

identify potential areas of co-operation. This helps

strengthen the political dialogue within the OSCE,

A modern strategic instrument: the Forum today

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reinforces existing partnerships, and !nds new syn-

ergies with other interested parties.

The Forum also serves as a platform for the OSCE’s

units and !eld presences to present their work and

receive support as well as fresh ideas for future

activities. As a direct result of this, the Of!ce of the

Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmen-

tal Activities (OCEEA) and the !eld presences have

been able to identify and implement, often in co-

operation with partners, various follow-up activities,

bringing about positive developments at the local

and regional levels.

The Forum comprises two preparatory meetings

and a concluding event, all of which are organized

by the OCEEA, under the guidance of the Organi-

zation’s Chairmanship. The concluding meeting tra-

ditionally takes place in Prague and attracts more

than 350 participants. The OSCE’s main decision-

making body, the Permanent Council, decides

every year on the theme, agenda and modalities

of the Forum. The participating States prepare the

annual Forum cycle via the Economic and Environ-

mental Committee. This Committee also debates

the Forum’s conclusions, often enabling the Perma-

nent Council or the Ministerial Council to take the

decisions required for appropriate policy transla-

tion and follow-up activities.

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12

Over the years, the discussions on economic and environmental issues within the Forum have given the impetus to – and produced the substance for – a number of important deci-sions and documents adopted by the OSCE Ministerial Council.

The Political Commitments

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2005 N"@"*$" .%+"() :$*$'(#%+ $*%'(#)*-*=> &", 0% :$?#)A$$

Ministerial Council decision on Migration

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Ministerial Statement on Migration

Decision on the Future Transport Dialogue in the OSCE

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Madrid Declaration on Environment and Security

Ministerial Council Decision on the Follow-up to the Fifteenth Economic and Environmental

Forum: Water Management

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Ministerial Council Decision on the Follow-up to the Sixteenth Economic and Environmental

Forum on Maritime and Inland Waterways Co-operation

2009 N"@"*$" .%+"() :$*$'(#%+ $*%'(#)*-*=> &", %1 30#)+,"*$$ :$?#)A$%**=:$ 0#%A"''):$

Ministerial Council Decision on Migration Management

2011N"@"*$" .%+"() :$*$'(#%+ $*%'(#)*-*=> &", %1 )9($+$2)A$$ &$),%?) 0% (#)*'0%#(3 + H6.5

Ministerial Council Decision on Strengthening the Transport Dialogue in the OSCE

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14

Good governanceThe main focus of the 2012 Forum, good govern-

ance is one of the most important areas of involve-

ment within the OSCE economic and environmen-

tal dimension. Transparency and good governance

issues were also discussed in the Forum context in

2001.

The OSCE promotes international good govern-

ance standards and frameworks, including the

United Nations Convention against Corruption and

the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations.

From Commitments to Implementation:

the Projects

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The Organization has a three-pronged approach:

it serves as a platform for regional dia-

logue and the exchange of information and

experience

it supports capacity-building and training

activities on issues such as corruption pre-

vention; asset recovery; transparency and

civil society participation; and anti-money

laundering and countering the !nancing of

terrorism through national risk assessments

it provides tools and guidance through its

publications; as an example, an OSCE Guide

on Best Practices in Combating Corruption

has been widely distributed and translated

into several languages, and is regularly being

used as background training material.

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16

EnvironmentThe Forum has played its part in forging last-

ing partnerships with other organizations. The

2003 Prague Forum witnessed the launching of

the Environment and Security (ENVSEC) Initiative

– a result of an idea and a co-operation process

emerging from the previous year Forum’s delibera-

tions. ENVSEC works toward reducing environment

and security risks, and strengthens co-operation

between and within countries that are vulnerable to

environmental damage and competition over natu-

ral resources. Nowadays, the OSCE’s partners in

this Initiative are the UN Development Programme,

the UN Environment Programme, the UN Economic

Commission for Europe, the Regional Environment

Centre for Central and Eastern Europe, and NATO

as an associated partner. Out of the 155 projects

put in place by the Initiative, the OSCE has been

involved in the implementation of more than one

third of them.

Not only were some Forum processes particularly

dedicated to environmental issues, such as in 2007,

but also constant efforts have been made in recent

years to mainstream environmental considerations

into Forums meetings’ agendas and discussions.

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18

TransportA keyword that covers quite a wide array of topics

and activities. It all started in 2006 following that

year’s Forum’s recommendations. The same year,

the OSCE and the UN Economic Commission for

Europe teamed up to promote the Convention on

harmonization of frontier controls of goods and

convened two regional seminars in Moscow and

Belgrade.

A couple of years later, as a direct follow-up of the

2010 Forum, other activities pertaining to the over-

arching theme of transport were implemented,

including a specialised training course for cus-

toms and border guard of!cials on how to detect

and prevent the illegal transport of waste material

across borders (June 2010 in Dushanbe), a regional

seminar for South Caucasus and Central Asia on

promoting integrity among customs and border

services (July 2010 in Almaty) and a OSCE-UNECE

expert roundtable on land transport security

(December 2011 in Vienna).

In February 2012, a new handbook containing best

practices at border crossings was presented by

the OSCE and UNECE. The publication is aimed at

helping particularly landlocked countries and their

neighbours in developing more ef!cient border

8(% 9,E4"+%" ',%+%, 9)')E/""'- @$#%9%?% '0"9-(#) (": $ +$&%+ &"-(",D*%'($. R9($+*)- #)1%() H6.5 0% (#)*'0%#(3 *)4),)'D + 2006 ?., +% $'0%,-*"*$" #"9%:"*&)A$; F%#3:) 2006 ?. B (%: 7" ?%&3 H6.5 $ 5+#%0";'9)- I9%*%:$4"'9)- 9%:$''$- HHJ %1U"&$*$,$ '+%$ 3'$,$- ' A",DE 0#%&+$7"-*$- K"7&3*)#%&*%; 9%*+"*A$$ % '%?,)'%+)*$$ 3',%+$; 0#%+"&"*$- 9%*(#%,- ?#32%+ *) ?#)*$A)> $ %#?)*$2%+),$ &+) #"?$%*),D*=> '":$*)#) - + K%'9+" $ 6",?#)&".

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and customs policies. In July 2012, a !rst train-

ing event was held in Tajikistan, together with

the OSCE Border Management Staff College in

Dushanbe.

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Water managementThe cross-border issue par excellence. The OSCE

began work on water projects in 2002 following that

year’s Forum recommendations, and has steadily

expanded them across Central Asia, South Cauca-

sus and Eastern Europe since then. A new impetus

to water management activities was given by the

2007 Forum.

A project undertaken in the South Caucasus was

geared toward the reestablishment of regional

water-monitoring systems and databases. Alto-

gether, 30 sites in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia

along the Kura-Araks river system were monitored.

J#$"43'0)' 4%(0+1) $',.$,"1)Starting in 2003, the governments of Kazakhstan

and Kyrgyzstan worked with the OSCE and other

partners on a cross-border project that aimed at

setting up a Commission for the Chu and Talas

Rivers. The initiative included a series of technical

capacity-building events and training seminars.

Yet another good example for the cross-border

nature of water management presents the Dniester

River Basin between Moldova and Ukraine. In 2004,

the OSCE and UNECE kicked off a project to foster

the co-operation and sustainable management of

this large river system.

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B 1%,D@$*'(+" ',34)"+ I() (":) *%'$( (#)*'-?#)*$4*=; >)#)9("#. H6.5 *)4),) 2)*$:)(D'- +%&*=:$ 0#%"9():$ + 2002 ?., ',"&3- #"9%:"*-&)A$-: F%#3:) (%?% ?%&). B0%',"&'(+$$ H6.5 *"39,%**% #)'@$#-,) I(3 &"-(",D*%'(D $ #"),$-2%+=+),) 0#%"9(= + Q"*(#),D*%; R2$$, *) V7*%: G)+9)2" $ + B%'(%4*%; 5+#%0". J%+=; $:03,D' #)1%(" 0% 30#)+,"*$E +%&*=:$ #"'3#'):$ 0#$&), F%#3: 2007 ?.

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23

MigrationA multifaceted and very complex issue whose

effective management requires a comprehensive

approach and the active engagement of many play-

ers. This vision, resulting from discussions held in

the Forum context in 2005 and 2009, is exempli!ed

by a series of guides and manuals published by the

OSCE with such key partners as the International

Organization for Migration and the International

Labour Organization. These included the Hand-

book on Establishing Effective Labour Migration

Policies in the Countries of Origin and Destination,

launched in 2006, followed by the Guide on Gen-

der-Sensitive Labour Migration Policies. To make

these publications also an effective tool at semi-

nars, trainer manuals were developed in tandem

with the Handbook and the Guide.

Both in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, labour migra-

tion is a serious issue for the countries’ econo-

mies. In consequence, the OSCE Centre in Bishkek

helped conduct a survey on the behaviour of Kyrgyz

migrants in the context of the global !nancial crisis.

In Tajikistan, the OSCE Of!ce worked for many

years with the Ministry of Labour and Social Protec-

tion in supporting a network of information centres

for labour migrants.

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24

EnergyH0'$*'7)-"Energy issues were !rst introduced to the Forum

back in 1998. The momentum to discuss energy-

related questions has gradually grown since then,

and led to the adoption of Ministerial Council deci-

sions in 2006 and 2009. In recent years, a number of

OSCE-organized conferences on how to strengthen

energy security gave further impetus to the topic,

as also did a series of practical activities includ-

ing projects and study visits on sustainable energy

sources and workshops on energy diplomacy. The

2011 Forum was partly devoted to the develop-

ment of sustainable energy. In 2013, the Forum will

further enlarge the dialogue by focusing on how

to improve the environmental footprint of energy-

related activities in the OSCE region.

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04

Building of institutional and human capacity

!"#"$%&"'%( %')*%*+,%-'"./-'-0- % 1"2#-&-0- 3-*(',%"."

05

Demographic trends, migration, integration of national minorities

4(5-0#"6%7()1%( *('2(',%%, 5%0#",%8, %'*(0#",%8 '",%--'"./'9: 5('/;%')*&

06

Security of trans-portation networks and development of transport

<(=-3")'-)*/ *#"')-3-#*'9: )(*(> % #"=-&%*%( *#"')3-#*"

07

Land degradation, soil contamination and water management

4(0#"2",%8 =(5(./, ="0#8='(''-)*/ 3-7& % &-2-3-./=-&"'%(

08

Maritime and inland waterways co-operation

?-*#+2'%7()*&- '" 5-#)1%: % &'+-*#(''%: &-2'9: 3+*8:

93/4Transition to market economies

@#-,()) 3(#(:-2" 1 #9'-7'-> A1-'-5%1(

95Cooperation to stimulate trade and investment

?-*#+2'%7()*&- &- B."0- #"=&%*%8 *-#-0-&.% % %'&()*%,%>

96Economic aspects of security

C1-'-5%7()1%( ")3(1*9 B(=-3")'-)*%

97Market economy and the rule of law

D9'-7'"8 A1-'--5%1" % &(#:-&(')*&- ="1-'"

98Security and energy

<(=-3")'-)*/ % A'(#0(*%1"

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09

Migration management

E3#"&.('%( 5%0#",%-''95% 3#-,())"5%

10

Good governance at border cross-ings, security of land transportation

!"2.(F"$(( +3#"&-.('%( '" 3+'1*": 3(#()(7('%8 0#"'%,, '"=(5'9> *#"')3-#*

11

Sustainable energy and transport

E)*->7%&-( #"=-&%*%( A'(#0(*%1% % *#"')3-#*"

12

Good governance

!"2.(F"$"8 3#"1-*%1" +3#"&.('%8

13

Improving the environmental foot-print of energy

C1-.-0%7()1%( ")3(1*9 A'(#0(*%1%

99Security and the environment

<(=-3")'-)*/ % -1#+F"G$"8 )#(2"

00Economic aspects of post-con!ict rehabilitation

C1-'-5%7()1%( ")3(1*9 3-)*1-'6.%1*'-0- &-))*"'-&.('%8

02Quality of water

H"7()*&- &-2'9: #()+#)-&

01Transparency and good governance in economic matters

I#"')3"#('*'-)*/ % '"2-.(F"$"8 3#"1*%1" 0-)+-2"#)*&(''-0- +3#"&.('%8

03Fighting traf"cking

@#-*%&-2(>)*&%( *-#0-&.( .G2/5%, '(="1-''-5+ -B-#-*+ '"#1-*%1-&, .(01-0- % )*#(.1-&-0- -#+F%8

PUBLISHED BY

Of!ce of the Co-ordinator of OSCE

Economic and Environmental Activities

OSCE Secretariat, Vienna

This is not a consensus document.

DESIGN

Nadina Avdagic, Vienna

EDITING

Alexander Nitzsche, Vienna

PRINTER

Riedeldruck GmbH, Austria

The printed matter is recyclable.

www.osce.org/eea