2 r e hap e tt a M and hange C - Chemistry is Fun · ca l b l end o f a t l ea st t w o su b st an...
46
Transcript of 2 r e hap e tt a M and hange C - Chemistry is Fun · ca l b l end o f a t l ea st t w o su b st an...
Cha
pte
r 2
Cha
pte
r 2
�Matter
�Matter
and
and
Change
�C
hange
�
Sec
tio
n 2
.1S
ecti
on
2.1
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�Id
en
tify
Ide
ntify
pro
pe
rtie
s o
f m
att
er
pro
pe
rtie
s o
f m
att
er
as e
xte
nsiv
e o
r in
ten
siv
e.
as e
xte
nsiv
e o
r in
ten
siv
e.
Sec
tio
n 2
.1S
ecti
on
2.1
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
efin
eD
efin
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ert
y,
ph
ysic
al p
rop
ert
y,
an
d
an
d lis
tlis
t se
ve
ral co
mm
on
s
eve
ral co
mm
on
ph
ysic
al p
rop
ert
ies o
f p
hysic
al p
rop
ert
ies o
f
su
bsta
nce
s.
su
bsta
nce
s.
Sec
tio
n 2
.1S
ecti
on
2.1
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
iffe
ren
tia
teD
iffe
ren
tia
te a
mo
ng
th
ree
a
mo
ng
th
ree
sta
tes o
f m
att
er.
sta
tes o
f m
att
er.
Sec
tio
n 2
.1S
ecti
on
2.1
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
Pro
per
ties
of
Mat
ter
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
escri
be
De
scri
be
a p
hysic
al
a p
hysic
al
ch
an
ge
.ch
an
ge
.
Mat
ter
Mat
ter
�M
att
er
is a
nyth
ing
th
at:
a)
ha
s
Ma
tte
r is
an
yth
ing
th
at:
a)
ha
s
ma
ss,
an
d b
) ta
ke
s u
p s
pa
ce
ma
ss,
an
d b
) ta
ke
s u
p s
pa
ce
�M
ass =
a m
ea
su
re o
f th
e a
mo
un
t M
ass =
a m
ea
su
re o
f th
e a
mo
un
t
of
�stu
ff�
(or
ma
teria
l) t
he
ob
ject
of
�stu
ff�
(or
ma
teria
l) t
he
ob
ject
co
nta
ins (
do
n�t c
on
fuse
th
is w
ith
co
nta
ins (
do
n�t c
on
fuse
th
is w
ith
weig
ht,
a m
ea
su
re o
f g
ravity)
weig
ht,
a m
ea
su
re o
f g
ravity)
�V
olu
me
= a
me
asu
re o
f th
e s
pa
ce
V
olu
me
= a
me
asu
re o
f th
e s
pa
ce
occu
pie
d b
y t
he
ob
ject
occu
pie
d b
y t
he
ob
ject
Des
crib
ing
Mat
ter
Des
crib
ing
Mat
ter
�P
ropert
ies u
sed to d
escribe m
atter
Pro
pert
ies u
sed to d
escribe m
atter
can b
e c
lassifie
d a
s:
can b
e c
lassifie
d a
s:
1)
1)
Exte
nsiv
eE
xte
nsiv
e �
depend
s o
n the
� d
epend
s o
n the
am
ount
am
ount
of m
atter
in the s
am
ple
of m
atter
in the s
am
ple
- M
ass, volu
me,
ca
lories a
re e
xam
ple
s-
Mass, volu
me,
ca
lories a
re e
xam
ple
s
1)
1)
Inte
nsiv
eIn
tensiv
e �
depend
s o
n the
� d
epend
s o
n the t
ype
type
of
of
matter,
not
the a
mount pre
sent
matter,
not
the a
mount pre
sent
- H
ard
ness, D
ensity, B
oili
ng P
oin
t-
Hard
ness, D
ensity, B
oili
ng P
oin
t
Pro
per
ties
are
�P
rop
erti
es a
re�
�W
ord
s t
hat
descri
be
ma
tter
(adje
ctives)
Wo
rds t
hat
descri
be
ma
tter
(adje
ctives)
�P
hysic
al P
rope
rtie
sP
hysic
al P
rope
rtie
s-
a p
rope
rty t
hat
ca
n
- a p
rope
rty t
hat
ca
n
be
obse
rved
and
me
asu
red
with
ou
t be
obse
rved
and
me
asu
red
with
ou
t cha
ng
ing t
he m
ate
rial�s
com
positio
n.
cha
ng
ing t
he m
ate
rial�s
com
positio
n.
�E
xa
mple
s-
colo
r, h
ard
ne
ss,
m.p
., b
.p.
Exa
mple
s-
colo
r, h
ard
ne
ss,
m.p
., b
.p.
�C
he
mic
al P
rope
rtie
sC
he
mic
al P
rope
rtie
s-
a p
rope
rty t
hat
- a p
rope
rty t
hat
can
only
be o
bserv
ed b
y c
ha
ng
ing t
he
can
only
be o
bserv
ed b
y c
ha
ng
ing t
he
com
positio
n o
f th
e m
ate
rial.
com
positio
n o
f th
e m
ate
rial.
�E
xa
mple
s-
ab
ility
to b
urn
, d
eco
mpo
se,
Exa
mple
s-
ab
ility
to b
urn
, d
eco
mpo
se,
ferm
en
t, r
eact
with
, etc
.fe
rmen
t, r
eact
with
, etc
.
Sta
tes
of
mat
ter
Sta
tes
of
mat
ter
1)
1)
Solid
Solid
- m
atter
that can n
ot flow
(definite
- m
atter
that can n
ot flow
(definite
shape)
and h
as d
efinite v
olu
me.
shape)
and h
as d
efinite v
olu
me.
2)
2)
Liq
uid
Liq
uid
- definite v
olu
me b
ut ta
kes the s
hape
- definite v
olu
me b
ut ta
kes the s
hape
of its c
onta
iner
(flo
ws).
of its c
onta
iner
(flo
ws).
3)
3)
Gas
Gas-
a s
ubsta
nce w
ithout definite v
olu
me
- a s
ubsta
nce w
ithout definite v
olu
me
or
shape a
nd c
an flo
w.
or
shape a
nd c
an flo
w.
�V
apor
Vapor -
a s
ubsta
nce that is
curr
ently a
-
a s
ubsta
nce that is
curr
ently a
gas, but norm
ally
is a
liq
uid
or
solid
at
gas, but norm
ally
is a
liq
uid
or
solid
at
room
tem
pera
ture
. (
Whic
h is c
orr
ect:
room
tem
pera
ture
. (
Whic
h is c
orr
ect:
wate
r gas, or
wate
r vapor?
)w
ate
r gas, or
wate
r vapor?
)
0
Sta
tes
of
Mat
ter
Sta
tes
of
Mat
ter
So
lid
Liq
uid
Ga
s
De
fin
ite
Vo
lum
e?
YE
S
YE
S
NO
De
fin
ite
Sh
ap
e?
YE
S
NO
NO
Re
sult o
f a
Tem
pera
ture
Incre
ase
?
Sm
all
Expans.
Sm
all
Expans.
Larg
e
Expans.
W
ill it
Com
pre
ss?
NO
NO
YE
S
1
44thth
sta
te:
sta
te:
Pla
sm
aP
las
ma
-
- f
orm
ed
at
form
ed
at
hig
h t
em
pe
ratu
res
; io
niz
ed
h
igh
te
mp
era
ture
s;
ion
ize
d
ph
as
e o
f m
att
er
as
fo
un
d i
n t
he
p
ha
se
of
ma
tte
r a
s f
ou
nd
in
th
e
su
ns
un
2
Th
ree
Ma
in P
ha
se
sT
hre
e M
ain
Ph
as
es
3
So
lid
Liq
uid
G
as
Me
ltE
va
po
rate
Co
nd
en
se
Fre
eze
4
Co
pp
er
Ph
as
es
- S
oli
dC
op
pe
r P
ha
se
s -
So
lid
5
Co
pp
er
Ph
as
es -
Liq
uid
Co
pp
er
Ph
as
es -
Liq
uid
6
Co
pp
er
Ph
as
es
� V
ap
or
(ga
s)
Co
pp
er
Ph
as
es
� V
ap
or
(ga
s)
7
Ph
ysi
cal
vs.
Ch
emic
al C
han
ge
Ph
ysi
cal
vs.
Ch
emic
al C
han
ge
�P
hysic
al ch
an
ge
Ph
ysic
al ch
an
ge
will
ch
an
ge
th
e
will
ch
an
ge
th
e
ap
pe
ara
nce
, w
ith
ou
t ch
an
gin
g t
he
a
pp
ea
ran
ce
, w
ith
ou
t ch
an
gin
g t
he
co
mp
ositio
n o
f th
e m
ate
ria
l.co
mp
ositio
n o
f th
e m
ate
ria
l.
�B
oil,
me
lt,
cu
t, b
en
d,
sp
lit,
cra
ck
Bo
il, m
elt,
cu
t, b
en
d,
sp
lit,
cra
ck
�Is
bo
iled
wa
ter
still
wa
ter?
Is b
oile
d w
ate
r still
wa
ter?
�C
an
be
C
an
be
re
ve
rsib
lere
ve
rsib
le,
or
, o
r ir
rev
ers
ible
irre
ve
rsib
le
�C
he
mic
al ch
an
ge
Ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
- a
ch
an
ge
wh
ere
a
- a
ch
an
ge
wh
ere
a
ne
w f
orm
of
ma
tte
r is
fo
rme
d.
ne
w f
orm
of
ma
tte
r is
fo
rme
d.
�R
ust,
bu
rn,
de
co
mp
ose
, fe
rme
nt
Ru
st,
bu
rn,
de
co
mp
ose
, fe
rme
nt
8
Sec
tio
n 2
.2S
ecti
on
2.2
Mix
ture
sM
ixtu
res
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�C
ate
go
rize
Ca
teg
ori
ze
a s
am
ple
of
a s
am
ple
of
ma
tte
r a
s a
su
bsta
nce
or
a
ma
tte
r a
s a
su
bsta
nce
or
a
mix
ture
.m
ixtu
re.
9
Sec
tio
n 2
.2S
ecti
on
2.2
Mix
ture
sM
ixtu
res
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
istin
gu
ish
Dis
tin
gu
ish
be
twe
en
b
etw
ee
n
ho
mo
ge
ne
ou
s a
nd
h
om
og
en
eo
us a
nd
he
tero
ge
ne
ou
s s
am
ple
s o
f h
ete
rog
en
eo
us s
am
ple
s o
f
ma
tte
r.m
att
er.
0
Sec
tio
n 2
.2S
ecti
on
2.2
Mix
ture
sM
ixtu
res
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
escri
be
De
scri
be
tw
o w
ays t
ha
t t
wo
wa
ys t
ha
t
co
mp
on
en
ts o
f m
ixtu
res c
an
co
mp
on
en
ts o
f m
ixtu
res c
an
be
se
pa
rate
d.
be
se
pa
rate
d.
1
�M
ixtu
res a
re a
physic
al b
lend
Mix
ture
s a
re a
physic
al b
lend
of at
of at
least tw
o s
ubsta
nce
s; h
ave v
aria
ble
le
ast tw
o s
ubsta
nce
s; h
ave v
aria
ble
co
mpo
sitio
n. T
he
y c
an
be e
ith
er:
co
mpo
sitio
n. T
he
y c
an
be e
ith
er:
1)
1)
He
tero
ge
ne
ou
s
He
tero
ge
ne
ou
s �
the
mix
ture
is n
ot
� the
mix
ture
is n
ot
unifo
rm in
com
positio
nu
nifo
rm in
com
positio
n
�C
hoco
late
ch
ip c
ookie
, gra
vel, s
oil.
Ch
oco
late
ch
ip c
ookie
, gra
vel, s
oil.
1)
1)
Ho
mo
ge
neo
us
Ho
mo
ge
neo
us -
sa
me
co
mp
ositio
n
- sa
me
co
mp
ositio
n
thro
ugh
out; c
alle
d �
thro
ugh
out; c
alle
d �
solu
tio
ns
solu
tio
ns��
�K
oo
l-a
id, a
ir, salt w
ate
rK
oo
l-a
id, a
ir, salt w
ate
r�
Every
part
ke
ep
s it�s o
wn
pro
pe
rtie
s.
Every
part
ke
ep
s it�s o
wn
pro
pe
rtie
s.
2
Solu
tion
s a
re h
om
og
en
eo
us m
ixtu
res
Solu
tion
s a
re h
om
og
en
eo
us m
ixtu
res
�M
ixe
d m
ole
cu
le b
y m
ole
cu
le,
thu
s t
oo
M
ixe
d m
ole
cu
le b
y m
ole
cu
le,
thu
s t
oo
sm
all
to s
ee t
he
diffe
ren
t p
art
ssm
all
to s
ee t
he
diffe
ren
t p
art
s
�C
an
occu
r b
etw
ee
n a
ny s
tate
of
ma
tte
r:
Can
occu
r b
etw
ee
n a
ny s
tate
of
ma
tte
r:
ga
s in
ga
s; liq
uid
in
ga
s;
ga
s in
liq
uid
; g
as in
ga
s; liq
uid
in
ga
s;
ga
s in
liq
uid
;
solid
in
liq
uid
; so
lid in
so
lid (
allo
ys),
etc
.solid
in
liq
uid
; so
lid in
so
lid (
allo
ys),
etc
.
�T
hu
s,
ba
se
d o
n t
he
dis
trib
utio
n o
f th
eir
T
hu
s,
ba
se
d o
n t
he
dis
trib
utio
n o
f th
eir
com
po
ne
nts
, m
ixtu
res a
re c
alle
d
com
po
ne
nts
, m
ixtu
res a
re c
alle
d
ho
mo
ge
ne
ou
sh
om
og
en
eo
us o
r o
r he
tero
ge
ne
ou
she
tero
ge
ne
ou
s..
3
Ph
ase?
Ph
ase?
�T
he
term
�ph
ase
� is
used
to d
escrib
e
The
term
�ph
ase
� is
used
to d
escrib
e
any p
art
of a
sa
mple
with
unifo
rm
any p
art
of a
sa
mple
with
unifo
rm
co
mpo
sitio
n o
f p
rop
ert
ies.
co
mpo
sitio
n o
f p
rop
ert
ies.
�A
ho
mog
en
eo
us m
ixtu
re c
onsis
ts o
f a
A
ho
mog
en
eo
us m
ixtu
re c
onsis
ts o
f a
sin
gle
sin
gle
pha
se
pha
se
�A
he
tero
gen
eo
us m
ixtu
re c
onsis
ts o
f A
he
tero
gen
eo
us m
ixtu
re c
onsis
ts o
f
two
or
mo
retw
o o
r m
ore
ph
ase
s.
ph
ase
s.
�N
ote
Fig
ure
2.6
, p
ag
e 4
5N
ote
Fig
ure
2.6
, p
ag
e 4
5
4
Sep
arat
ing
Mix
ture
sS
epar
atin
g M
ixtu
res
�S
om
e c
an
be
se
pa
rate
d e
asily
by
So
me
ca
n b
e s
ep
ara
ted
ea
sily
by
ph
ysic
al m
ea
ns:
rocks a
nd
ma
rble
s,
ph
ysic
al m
ea
ns:
rocks a
nd
ma
rble
s,
iro
n f
ilin
gs a
nd
su
lfu
r (u
se
ma
gn
et)
ir
on
fili
ng
s a
nd
su
lfu
r (u
se
ma
gn
et)
�D
iffe
ren
ce
s in
ph
ysic
al p
rop
ert
ies
Diffe
ren
ce
s in
ph
ysic
al p
rop
ert
ies
ca
n b
e u
se
d t
o s
ep
ara
te m
ixtu
res.
ca
n b
e u
se
d t
o s
ep
ara
te m
ixtu
res.
�F
iltra
tio
nF
iltra
tio
n -
se
pa
rate
s a
so
lid f
rom
-
se
pa
rate
s a
so
lid f
rom
the
liq
uid
in
a h
ete
rog
en
eo
us
the
liq
uid
in
a h
ete
rog
en
eo
us
mix
ture
(b
y s
ize
) �
m
ixtu
re (
by s
ize
) �
Fig
ure
2.7
, p
ag
e 4
6
Fig
ure
2.7
, p
ag
e 4
6
5
Sep
arat
ion o
f a
Mix
ture
Sep
arat
ion o
f a
Mix
ture
Com
pon
en
ts o
f d
yes s
uch
as ink m
ay b
e
sep
ara
ted b
y p
ap
er
ch
rom
ato
gra
phy
.
6
Sep
arat
ion
of
a M
ixtu
reS
epar
atio
n o
f a
Mix
ture
Dis
tillati
on
: ta
kes a
dvanta
ge
of diffe
rent boili
ng p
oin
ts.
7
Sec
tio
n 2
.3S
ecti
on
2.3
Ele
men
ts a
nd
Co
mp
ou
nd
sE
lem
ents
an
d C
om
po
un
ds
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�E
xp
lain
Exp
lain
th
e d
iffe
ren
ce
s
th
e d
iffe
ren
ce
s
be
twe
en
an
ele
me
nt
an
d a
b
etw
ee
n a
n e
lem
en
t a
nd
a
co
mp
ou
nd
.co
mp
ou
nd
.
8
Sec
tio
n 2
.3S
ecti
on
2.3
Ele
men
ts a
nd
Co
mp
ou
nd
sE
lem
ents
an
d C
om
po
un
ds
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
istin
gu
ish
Dis
tin
gu
ish
be
twe
en
a
be
twe
en
a
su
bsta
nce
an
d a
mix
ture
.su
bsta
nce
an
d a
mix
ture
.
9
Sec
tio
n 2
.3S
ecti
on
2.3
Ele
men
ts a
nd
Co
mp
ou
nd
sE
lem
ents
an
d C
om
po
un
ds
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�Id
en
tify
Ide
ntify
th
e c
he
mic
al
th
e c
he
mic
al
sym
bo
ls o
f e
lem
en
ts,
an
d
sym
bo
ls o
f e
lem
en
ts,
an
d
na
me
na
me
ele
me
nts
giv
en
th
eir
e
lem
en
ts g
ive
n t
he
ir
sym
bo
ls.
sym
bo
ls.
0
Su
bst
ance
sS
ub
stan
ces
�E
lem
en
tsE
lem
en
ts-
sim
ple
st
kin
d o
f m
att
er
- sim
ple
st
kin
d o
f m
att
er
�ca
nn
ot
be b
roken
dow
n a
ny s
imp
ler
ca
nn
ot
be b
roken
dow
n a
ny s
imp
ler
�a
ll a
ll o
ne
one
kin
d o
f ato
m.
kin
d o
f ato
m.
�C
om
po
un
ds
Com
po
un
ds a
re s
ubsta
nces t
hat
ca
n b
e
are
su
bsta
nces t
hat
ca
n b
e
bro
ke
n d
ow
n
bro
ke
n d
ow
n o
nly
only
by c
hem
ica
l m
eth
od
s b
y c
hem
ica
l m
eth
od
s
�w
hen
bro
ke
n d
ow
n,
the
pie
ces h
ave
wh
en
bro
ke
n d
ow
n,
the
pie
ces h
ave
co
mple
tely
diffe
ren
t pro
pe
rtie
s t
han
co
mple
tely
diffe
ren
t pro
pe
rtie
s t
han
th
e o
rig
inal co
mpo
un
d.
the
orig
inal co
mpo
un
d.
�m
ade
of
ma
de
of
two
or
mo
retw
o o
r m
ore
ato
ms,
ato
ms,
ch
em
ically
com
bin
ed
(n
ot
just
a
ch
em
ically
com
bin
ed
(n
ot
just
a
physic
al b
lend
!)p
hysic
al b
lend
!)
1
Co
mp
ou
nd
or
Mix
ture
?C
om
pou
nd
or
Mix
ture
?
Co
mp
ou
nd
Mix
ture
Ma
de
of
on
e k
ind
of
ma
teri
al
Ma
de
of
mo
re t
ha
n
on
e k
ind
of
ma
teri
al
Ma
de
by a
ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
Ma
de
by a
ph
ysic
al ch
an
ge
De
fin
ite
co
mp
ositio
n
Va
ria
ble
co
mp
ositio
n
2
Wh
ich
is
it?
Wh
ich
is
it?
Ele
me
nt
Com
pou
nd
Mix
ture
3
Ele
men
ts v
s. C
om
po
un
ds
Ele
men
ts v
s. C
om
po
un
ds
�C
om
po
un
ds
Com
po
un
ds c
an
ca
n b
e b
roken
dow
n
be b
roken
dow
n
into
sim
ple
r sub
sta
nce
s b
y c
hem
ica
l in
to s
imple
r sub
sta
nce
s b
y c
hem
ica
l
mea
ns, b
ut
mea
ns, b
ut
ele
me
nts
e
lem
ents
ca
nn
ot
ca
nn
ot ..
�A
�A
�ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
� is
a c
ha
ng
e
� is
a c
ha
ng
e
that pro
duce
s m
atter
with
a
that pro
duce
s m
atter
with
a d
iffe
ren
t d
iffe
ren
t
co
mp
os
itio
nc
om
po
sit
ion
th
an th
e o
rig
ina
l th
an th
e o
rig
ina
l
matter.
matter.
4
Ch
emic
al
Ch
an
ge
Ch
emic
al
Ch
an
ge
A c
ha
ng
e i
n w
hic
h o
ne
or
mo
re
su
bs
tan
ce
s a
re c
on
ve
rte
d i
nto
dif
fere
nt
su
bs
tan
ce
s.
Hea
t a
nd
lig
ht
are
oft
en
ev
ide
nc
e o
f
a c
he
mic
al
ch
an
ge
.
5
Pro
per
ties
of
Co
mp
ou
nd
sP
rop
erti
es o
f C
om
po
un
ds
�Q
uite d
iffe
rent pro
pert
ies than their
Quite d
iffe
rent pro
pert
ies than their
com
ponent ele
ments
.com
ponent ele
ments
.
�D
ue to a
CH
EM
ICA
L C
HA
NG
E, th
e
Due to a
CH
EM
ICA
L C
HA
NG
E, th
e
resultin
g c
om
pound h
as n
ew
and
resultin
g c
om
pound h
as n
ew
and
diffe
rent pro
pert
ies:
diffe
rent pro
pert
ies:
�T
able
sugar
� c
arb
on, hydro
gen,
Table
sugar
� c
arb
on, hydro
gen,
oxygen
oxygen
�S
odiu
m c
hlo
ride �
sodiu
m, chlo
rine
Sodiu
m c
hlo
ride �
sodiu
m, chlo
rine
�W
ate
r � h
ydro
gen, oxygen
Wate
r � h
ydro
gen, oxygen
6
Cla
ssif
icat
ion
of
Mat
ter
Cla
ssif
icat
ion
of
Mat
ter
7
Sy
mb
ols
& F
orm
ula
sS
ym
bo
ls &
Fo
rmu
las
�C
urr
en
tly, th
ere
are
C
urr
en
tly, th
ere
are
11
71
17
ele
men
ts e
lem
en
ts
�E
lem
en
ts h
ave a
1 o
r tw
o le
tter
Ele
men
ts h
ave a
1 o
r tw
o le
tter
sym
bo
lsym
bo
l , ,
an
d c
om
pou
nd
s h
ave
a
an
d c
om
pou
nd
s h
ave
a f
orm
ula
form
ula
..
�A
n e
lem
ent�s fir
st le
tter
alw
ays c
apita
lized
; A
n e
lem
ent�s fir
st le
tter
alw
ays c
apita
lized
;
if the
re is a
seco
nd
lette
r, it is
writte
n
if the
re is a
seco
nd
lette
r, it is
writte
n
low
erc
ase
: B
, B
a, C
, C
a, H
, H
elo
we
rcase
: B
, B
a, C
, C
a, H
, H
e
�S
tart
le
arn
ing
Sta
rt l
ea
rnin
g the
ele
men
ts n
am
es a
nd
the
ele
men
ts n
am
es a
nd
sym
bo
ls lis
ted in
Tab
le B
.7 o
n p
ag
e R
53
sym
bo
ls lis
ted in
Tab
le B
.7 o
n p
ag
e R
53
�S
om
e n
am
es c
om
e fro
m L
atin
or
oth
er
Som
e n
am
es c
om
e fro
m L
atin
or
oth
er
lang
ua
ge
s; no
te T
ab
le 2
.2, pa
ge
52
lang
ua
ge
s; no
te T
ab
le 2
.2, pa
ge
52
8
Sec
tio
n 2
.4S
ecti
on
2.4
Ch
emic
al R
eact
ion
sC
hem
ical
Rea
ctio
ns
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�D
escri
be
De
scri
be
wh
at
ha
pp
en
s
wh
at
ha
pp
en
s
du
rin
g a
ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
.d
uri
ng
a c
he
mic
al ch
an
ge
.
9
Sec
tio
n 2
.4S
ecti
on
2.4
Ch
emic
al R
eact
ion
sC
hem
ical
Rea
ctio
ns
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�Id
en
tify
Ide
ntify
fo
ur
po
ssib
le c
lue
s
fo
ur
po
ssib
le c
lue
s
tha
t a
ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
ha
s
tha
t a
ch
em
ica
l ch
an
ge
ha
s
take
n p
lace
.ta
ke
n p
lace
.
0
Sec
tio
n 2
.4S
ecti
on
2.4
Ch
emic
al R
eact
ion
sC
hem
ical
Rea
ctio
ns
�O
BJE
CT
IVE
S:
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S:
�A
pp
lyA
pp
ly t
he
la
w o
f t
he
la
w o
f
co
nse
rva
tio
n o
f m
ass t
o
co
nse
rva
tio
n o
f m
ass t
o
ch
em
ica
l re
actio
ns.
ch
em
ica
l re
actio
ns.
1
Ch
emic
al C
han
ges
Ch
emic
al C
han
ges
�T
he a
bili
ty o
f a s
ubsta
nce
to
und
erg
o a
T
he a
bili
ty o
f a s
ubsta
nce
to
und
erg
o a
spe
cific
che
mic
al ch
an
ge
is c
alle
d a
spe
cific
che
mic
al ch
an
ge
is c
alle
d a
che
mic
al pro
pe
rty
che
mic
al pro
pe
rty..
�ir
on
plu
s o
xyge
n f
orm
s r
ust,
so
the
ir
on
plu
s o
xyge
n f
orm
s r
ust,
so
the
abili
ty t
o r
ust
is a
ch
em
ica
l p
rope
rty
abili
ty t
o r
ust
is a
ch
em
ica
l p
rope
rty
of
iro
no
f iro
n
�D
uri
ng
a c
he
mic
al cha
ng
e (
als
o c
alle
d
Duri
ng
a c
he
mic
al cha
ng
e (
als
o c
alle
d
che
mic
al re
actio
n),
the
com
po
sitio
n o
f che
mic
al re
actio
n),
the
com
po
sitio
n o
f
matt
er
alw
ays c
ha
ng
es.
matt
er
alw
ays c
ha
ng
es.
2
Ch
emic
al R
eact
ion
s ar
e�C
hem
ical
Rea
ctio
ns
are�
�W
he
n o
ne
or
mo
re s
ub
sta
nce
s a
re
Wh
en
on
e o
r m
ore
su
bsta
nce
s a
re
ch
an
ge
d in
to n
ew
su
bsta
nce
s.
ch
an
ge
d in
to n
ew
su
bsta
nce
s.
�R
ea
cta
nts
Re
acta
nts
- th
e s
tuff
yo
u s
tart
with
- th
e s
tuff
yo
u s
tart
with
�P
rod
ucts
Pro
du
cts
- w
ha
t yo
u m
ake
- w
ha
t yo
u m
ake
�T
he
pro
du
cts
will
ha
ve
NE
W
Th
e p
rod
ucts
will
ha
ve
NE
W
PR
OP
ER
TIE
S d
iffe
ren
t fr
om
th
e
PR
OP
ER
TIE
S d
iffe
ren
t fr
om
th
e
rea
cta
nts
yo
u s
tart
ed
with
rea
cta
nts
yo
u s
tart
ed
with
�A
rro
w p
oin
ts f
rom
th
e r
ea
cta
nts
A
rro
w p
oin
ts f
rom
th
e r
ea
cta
nts
toto
th
e
th
e
ne
w p
rod
ucts
ne
w p
rod
ucts
3
Rec
og
niz
ing
Ch
emic
al C
han
ges
Rec
og
niz
ing
Ch
emic
al C
han
ges
1)
1)
En
erg
yE
ne
rgy
is a
bso
rbe
d o
r re
lea
se
d
is a
bso
rbe
d o
r re
lea
se
d
(te
mp
era
ture
ch
an
ge
s h
ott
er
or
co
lde
r)(t
em
pe
ratu
re c
ha
ng
es h
ott
er
or
co
lde
r)
2)
2)
Co
lor
Co
lor
ch
an
ge
s c
ha
ng
es
3)
3)
Ga
sG
as
pro
du
ctio
n (
bu
bb
ling
, fizzin
g,
or
od
or
pro
du
ctio
n (
bu
bb
ling
, fizzin
g,
or
od
or
ch
an
ge
; sm
oke
)ch
an
ge
; sm
oke
)
4)
4)
form
atio
n o
f a
form
atio
n o
f a
pre
cip
ita
tep
rec
ipit
ate
- a
so
lid t
ha
t -
a s
olid
th
at
se
pa
rate
s f
rom
so
lutio
n (
wo
n�t d
isso
lve
)se
pa
rate
s f
rom
so
lutio
n (
wo
n�t d
isso
lve
)
5)
5)
Irre
ve
rsib
ilit
yIr
rev
ers
ibil
ity
- n
ot
ea
sily
re
ve
rse
d-
no
t e
asily
re
ve
rse
d
Bu
t, t
he
re a
re e
xa
mp
les o
f th
ese
th
at
are
no
t B
ut,
th
ere
are
exa
mp
les o
f th
ese
th
at
are
no
t
ch
em
ica
l �
bo
ilin
g w
ate
r b
ub
ble
s,
etc
.ch
em
ica
l �
bo
ilin
g w
ate
r b
ub
ble
s,
etc
.
4
Co
nse
rvat
ion
of
Mas
s C
on
serv
atio
n o
f M
ass
�D
urin
g a
ny c
hem
ical re
actio
n, th
e
Du
rin
g a
ny c
hem
ical re
actio
n, th
e
mass o
f th
e p
rod
ucts
is a
lways e
qua
l m
ass o
f th
e p
rod
ucts
is a
lways e
qua
l
to the
ma
ss o
f th
e r
ea
cta
nts
.to
the
ma
ss o
f th
e r
ea
cta
nts
.
�A
ll th
e m
ass
All
the
ma
ss c
an b
e a
ccou
nte
d for:
ca
n b
e a
ccou
nte
d for:
�B
urn
ing o
f w
oo
d r
esu
lts in p
rodu
cts
B
urn
ing o
f w
oo
d r
esu
lts in p
rodu
cts
that a
pp
ea
r to
ha
ve le
ss m
ass a
s
that a
pp
ea
r to
ha
ve le
ss m
ass a
s
ash
es; w
he
re is th
e r
est?
ash
es; w
he
re is th
e r
est?
�L
aw
of
co
ns
erv
ati
on
of
ma
ss
La
w o
f c
on
se
rva
tio
n o
f m
as
s
5
- P
ag
e 5
5
reacta
nts
=
p
rodu
ct
43
.43
g O
rigin
al m
ass
= 4
3.4
3 g
Fin
al m
ass
6
