MARINE PROPULSION PLANT

Presenter:Ir. ABD RAHIM BIN JAAFAR

Senior Lecturer

Apr 28, 2023 1

SCOPE

• Understanding of Marine Power Transmission System• Standard Operating Procedure

– Manual/ Semi Auto– Automation

• Understanding Cause and Effect – Fault Finding• Understanding Maintenance Concept

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MAJOR COMPONENTS

• Power Generation: Creates power to turn Propellers via Shafting and Gear Boxes• Load: Thrust (Reaction) and Force (Action) are created by Propeller Blades (generating a difference in pressure between the forward and rear surfaces of water)• Transmission: Transmits power from Power Generator to Load

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LOAD

POWER TRANSMISSION

POWER GENERATION

POWER GENERATION COMBINATION

• CODAD - Combination Diesel And Diesel• CODAG - Combination Diesel And Gas Turbine• CODOG - Combination Diesel Or Gas Turbine• COGAG - Combination Gas Turbine And Gas Turbine• COGOG - Combination Gas Turbine Or Gas Turbine• COSAG - Combination Steam Engine And Gas Turbine• CODLAG - Combination Diesel Electric And Gas Turbine

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CODAD

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CODAG

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CODOG

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COGAG

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COGOG

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COSAG

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CODLAG

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MARINE POWER GENERATION• Diesel Engines – power created through combustion and transmit to the crankshaft (Thermal Energy → Kinetic Energy)• Gas Turbine Engines – power created through combustion and transmit to the shaft via Turbine (Thermal Energy → Kinetic Energy)• Steam Turbine Engines – Hot Steam is created and directed to Turbine (Thermal Energy → Kinetic Energy)• Electrical Motor (Battery) – directly as a driver• Nuclear Power – extract usable energy from atomic nuclei via controlled nuclear reactions. All utility-scale reactors heat water to produce steam, which is then converted into mechanical work for the purpose of generating propulsion

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LOAD

• A propeller is essentially a type of fan which transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust for propulsion of a vehicle

– Rotation is a movement of an object in a circular motion – Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's Second and Third Laws. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction the accelerated mass will cause a proportional but opposite force on that system

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Propeller Blades

• act as rotating wings, and produce force through application of both Bernoulli's principle and Newton's third law, generating a difference in pressure between the forward and rear surfaces of the airfoil-shaped blades and by accelerating a mass of air rearward

–

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PINPOUT

POUT = PIN

ZERO THRUST

Other Pictures

ASTERN AHEAD

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POUTPIN

POUT > PIN

PINPOUT

POUT > PIN

SHIP AHEAD SHIP ASTERN

TRANSMISSION• Marine Drive Shaft

– On a power-driven ship, the driveshaft, or propeller shaft, usually connects the transmission inside the vessel directly to the propeller, passing through a stuffing box (Stern Tube) or other seal at the point it exits the hull.– As the rotating propeller pushes the vessel forward, the marine driveshaft is also subject to compression, and when going reverse, to tension.– Cardan (Type of Universal Joints) shafts are also often used in marine applications between the transmission and either a propeller gearbox or waterjet.

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POWER TRANSMISSION

Propeller Shaft Arrangement

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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

1. Identify types of system (cycle) in the propulsion system.2. Trace system from source > pump > equipment whether it is Open / Close Circuit.3. Ensure all related systems are in ready position prior operation.4. Ensure all systems at Load and Transmission are running prior to start operating the Power Generation.

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Identify Types of System (Cycle)

Main Diesel Engines

Gear Box Controllable Pitch

Propellero Air Systemo Fuel Systemo Lubrication Oil Systemo Cooling Medium System

o Lubrication Oil System (High / Low Pressure)o Cooling Medium System

o Hydraulic and Lubrication Oil Systemo Cooling Medium System

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Position Ready Prior OperationGear Box Controllable Pitch

Propellero Lubrication Oil System (High / Low Pressure)

Oil Tank and Sump – Check Oil Level Oil Supply & Return Valve – Open Position

o Cooling Medium System F/W Tank (if available) – Check Coolant Level F/W Supply & Return Valve – Open Position S/W Supply & Discharge Valve – Open Position

o Hydraulic and Lubrication Oil System

Hydraulic Oil Tank– Check Oil Level Hydraulic Oil Supply & Return Valve – Open Position

o Cooling Medium System F/W Tank (if available) – Check Coolant Level F/W Supply & Return Valve – Open Position S/W Supply & Discharge Valve – Open Position

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Cont …..Main Diesel Engines

o Air System Air Bottle – Pressure > 20 bar Flap and Emergency Flap – Open Position

o Fuel System Ready Use Tank – Check Oil Level Fuel Valve – Open Position

o Lubrication Oil System Oil Tank/ Sump – Check Oil Level Oil Supply & Return Valve – Open Position

o Cooling Medium System F/W Header Tank – Check Coolant Level F/W Supply & Return Valve – Open Position S/W Supply & Discharge Valve – Open Position

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Starting Propulsion Plant

1st Step: CPP system Hydraulic Pump – ON Cooling Pump - ON

2nd STEP: Main Engine Air Valves from Air Bottle – Open Position Lub Oil Pump (if pump running separately from engine/ motor driven) – ON Fresh Water Coolant Pump (if pump running separately from engine / motor driven) – ON Sea Water Pump (if pump running separately from engine / motor driven) – ON

1st Step: Gear Box System LP Lub Oil Pump – ON then AUTO Position HP Lub Oil Pump – ON then AUTO Position Cooling Pump - ON

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Cont ….. (Prior To Start Main Engine)

• Lub Oil Priming Pump – ON– Conditioning Oil to Main Engine (if Lub Oil Pump is Gear Driven)

• Do Hydraulic Lock Check (to ensure no condensation water left in the combustion chamber)

– Decompression Valve – Open– Press Engine START/ STOP Button– Decompression Valve – Close

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Start Main Engine• Local

– Safety under operator responsibility– Open Air Valve to Main Engine

• Manual/ Semi Auto– Safety under operator responsibility– Push START Button at Local Control Panel

• Auto/ Remote– Safety under Ship Propulsion Monitoring and Control System– Push START Button at panel in Machinery Control Room (MCR)

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