2 Limbic System Limbic lobe Hippocampal formatiom Hipocampus.
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Transcript of 2 Limbic System Limbic lobe Hippocampal formatiom Hipocampus.
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Limbic System
Limbic lobeHippocampal formatiomHipocampus
Limbic SystemLimbic Lobe (Cortex) Related Subcortical Nuclei
Hippocampal formation Amygdala
Septal Area
Parahippocampal gyrus
Cingulate gyrus
Insula
Some parts of Diencephalon
Some nuclei of Midbrain
Corticomedial group
Bsolateral group
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Limbus = A ring
• A ring of cortex around Corpus Callosum and Diencephalon
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Hippocampal formation
Hippocampus Dentate Subiculum
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Anatomy of Hippocampus
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Limbic functions
Regulate Emotional & Motivational
aspect of Behaviour
Changing short-termMemory into long-term
Memory (Learning)
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Cornu Ammonis
• Hippocampus = Ammon,s horn (Cornu) after Egyptian deity with ram,s head
• For research purpose, it is divided into 4 cornu ammonis (CA) zones :– CA1– CA2– CA3– CA4
Connections of hippocampus• 1- Perforant pathway from entorhinal
area to dentate gyrus • 2- Axons from dentate to pyramidal cell
in CA3 sector• 3- Axons from CA3 to fimbria• 4- A branch from the CA3 fiber called
Schaffer collateral, projects to CA1• 5- CA1 projects to entorhinal cortex
Afferent Connections to Hippocampus
• 10 Groups of fibers pass to Hippocampus:• 1- Fibers from cingulate gyrus • 2- Fibers from septal area• 3- Fibers from opposite hippocampus• 4- Fibers from indusium grisum• 5- Fibers from enthorhinal or olfactory area• 6- Fibers from dentate and subiculum
Afferents connections cont…
• 6- From auditory, visual, olfactory association cortex
• 7- Cholinergic fibers from septal area • 8- Noradrenergic fibers from ceruleus
nucleus • 9- Cerotonergic fibers from raphe nuclei• 10- Dopaminergic fibers from ventral
tegmental area
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Branches Of Basilar Artery• Pontine• Labyrinthine Artery• Anterior Inferior
Cerebellar Artery• Superior Cerebellar
Artery• Posterior Cerebral
Artery
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Coronal plane of Sinus Cavernous Looking from front to back
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Lenticulostriate Arteries Supply the Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule
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Arterial Supply of the Thalamus and Basal Ganglia
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Superficial and Deep Arterial Supply to the Cerebral HemispheresCoronal Plane
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Superficial and Deep Arterial Supply to the Cerebral HemisphereHorizontal Plane
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Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 2 January 2007 05:39 AM)© 2007 Elsevier
Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 2 January 2007 05:39 AM)© 2007 Elsevier
Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 14 September 2007 07:23 PM)© 2007 Elsevier
Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 14 September 2007 07:23 PM)© 2007 Elsevier
Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 2 January 2007 05:39 AM)© 2007 Elsevier
Downloaded from: Gray's Anatomy (on 2 January 2007 05:39 AM)© 2007 Elsevier
Interrelationships of the pia mater and the perivascular (Virchow-Robin) spaces in
the human cerebrum.
ARACHNOID VILLI AND GRANULATIONS
• extensions of the arachnoid mater and subarachnoid space through the wall of dural venous sinuses.
• the major pathway for the passage of CSF from the subarachnoid space into the blood.
DURAL PARTITIONS • Falx cerebri • Tentorium cerebelli in front there is a gap, the
tentorial incisure, for passage of midbrain, trigeminal cave
• Falx cerebelli • Diaphragma sellae important landmark structure
in pituitary surgery
Circulation and drainage • Most of the CSF is secreted by the
choroid plexuses in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles.
• The total CSF volume is 125 ml. The ventricles contain 25 ml and the remaining 100 ml is located in the cranial subarachnoid space.
• CSF is absorbed into the venous system through arachnoid villi associated with the major dural venous sinuses, predominantly the superior sagittal sinus.
Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
CSF drains from lateral ventricle interventricular foramina third ventricle
mesencephalic aqueduct fourth ventricle median and two lateral apertures
subarachnoid space arachnoid granulations superior sagittal sinus vein
positions of the principal subarachnoid cisterns
• cisterna magna or cerebellomedullary cistern
• pontine cistern • interpeduncular cistern • cistern of the lateral fossa • cistern of the great cerebral
vein (cisterna ambiens or superior cistern)
• prechiasmatic and postchiasmatic cistern
• cistern of the lamina terminalis
• supracallosal cistern