LEARNING INTENTIONS

• Explain what the Industrial Revolution was

• Describe how it changed Scotland and the UK

Between the 1750s and 1850s, Britain and Scotland went

through many changes. These are commonly known as

the Industrial Revolution.

The Industrial

Revolution saw

changes to almost

every aspect of

Scottish life.

It mostly affected the

jobs that people did

and the people who

lived in Scotland.

Jobs

The Industrial Revolution is

called this because it saw

major changes to industry

(how people worked).

The revolution lead to the

rise of huge factories and

also developments such as

steam trains.

All of this meant that

people no longer worked in

small workplaces but

instead large factories.

There were also jobs in

mines, shipyards and steel

works. Sometimes the

conditions in these places

were very hard.

The people

The population of Scotland

was greatly changed by

this revolution.

Between 1800 and

1900, the population of

Scotland trebled (1.6 million

to 4.4 million).

Where people lived

changed too. In 1800 most

people lived in rural areas

(the countryside).

By 1900 most people now

lived in urban areas (towns

and cities). This is because

they were attracted there

by the new jobs which were

available.

The people who lived here

also changed.

Many Scots left their

homeland and travelled to

other locations.

At the same time, people

from other countries arrived

here to live too.

Other changes

Other changes happened

in the 1800s too.

As more people moved to

the cities, this led to huge

housing overcrowding.

Eventually new houses were

built but this did not solve

the problem.

There were also big health

changes. Many diseases

such as typhus and cholera

killed thousands of people.

Improvements to medicine

and clean water helped

reduce this problem

although did not fix it

completely.