2-1

Information Technologies

Concepts and Management

2-2

Information Systems:Concepts and Definitions

• Data

• Information

• Knowledge

2-3

Classification ofInformation Systems

• Organizational structure

• Functional area

• Support provided

• System architecture

2-4

Organizational Structure

• Department information systems

• Enterprise information systems

• Interorganizational systems

2-5

Functional Area Information System

• Accounting

• Finance

• Manufacturing

• Marketing

• Human resources

2-6

Support Provided

• Transaction Processing System (TPS)

• Management Information System (MIS)

• Office Automation System (OAS)

• Decision Support System (DSS)

• Executive Information System (EIS)

• Group Support System (GSS)

• Intelligent Support System

2-7

System ArchitectureInformation Architecture and

Information Infrastructure

• Mainframe

• Standalone PC

• Networked computing system

2-8

Transactional Processing:Supports the monitoring, collection,

storage, processing, and dissemination of the organization’s basic business transactions.

Functional Management Information Systems:Systems designed to support the activities

of a functional area. These systems range from the repetitive to ad hoc.

2-9

Operational, Managerial and Strategic Systems

• Classification by the activity supported

• Relationship between people and IS

2-10

Classification by the Activity Supported

• Operational systems

• Managerial systems

• Strategic systems

2-11

Relationship Between People and Information Systems

• Knowledge workers– Create information and knowledge

• Data workers– Use, manipulate, or disseminate information

2-12

Information Infrastructure and Information Architecture

• Infrastructure

• Architecture

• New architectures

2-13

Information Infrastructure and Architecture

Information Infrastructure: consists of the physical facilities, services, and management that support all computing resources in an organization.

Information Architecture: is a high-level map or plan of the information requirements of the organization in an organization.

2-14

Information Architecture

• Information architecture model

• Types of information architecture

2-15

Information Architecture Model

Information Architecture: a conceptual framework for the organizational IT infrastructure. It is a plan for the structure and integration of the information resources in the organization.

2-16

Information Architecture Types

• Mainframe environment

• PC environment

• Networked (distributed) environment– Enterprisewide system

2-17

New Architectures

• Client/server

• Enterprisewide computing

• Intranets

• Internet

• Extranets

2-18

Managing Information Resources

• Which resources are managed by whom?

• What is the role of the Information Systems Department (ISD)?

• Managing relationships with end users

• Managerial issues

2-19

Which Resources Are Managed by Whom?

• Hardware

• Software

• Databases

• Networks

• Procedures

• Security

2-20

Role of the IS Department

2-21

Managing Relationships with End Users

• Steering committee

• Joint ISD/end users project teams

• ISD representation on top corporate executive committee

• Service agreements

• Technical and administrative support

• Conflict resolution unit

2-22

Managerial Issues

• Transition to networked computing

• From legacy systems to client/server systems

• How much infrastructure?

• The role of ISD

2-23

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