1. To ensure the safety of everybody during and after a damaging earthquake;

2. To help design a specific organization to response for earthquakes(Disaster Control Group - DCG)

3. To train building occupants/the teachers and students on proper evacuation process and response during earthquakes; and

4. To test various elements of the response plan prepared by the Disaster Control Group.

Preparing For An Earthquake Drill

OBJECTIVES:

STAGE 1: Organize a “Disater Control Group”

(DCG)

SECURITYTEAM

TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF

A DISASTER CONTROL

GROUP

CHAIRMAN

ASST. CHAIRMAN

STAFF ELEMENTS

DCG OPERATIONS

CENTER

COMMUNICATION

TEAM

OPERATIONS TEAM

WARNING TEAM

EVACUATIONTEAM

DAMAGE CONTROL

TEAM

SUPPLY TEAM

TRANSPORTATION

TEAM

FIRE BRIGADE

TEAM

RESCUETEAM

MEDICALTEAM

SECURITY TEAM

DISASTER CONTROL GROUP ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

CHAIRMAN

ASST. CHAIRMAN

DCG OPERATION CENTER

STAFF & SERVICE TEAMS

EVACUATIONTEAM LEADER

WINGLEADER

FLOOR LEADER

AREA LEADER

SUPPLY TEAM

TRANSPORTATION TEAM

COMMUNICATIONS TEAM

WARNING TEAM

MEDICAL TEAM

RESCUE TEAM

FIRE BRIGADE TEAM

DAMAGE CONTROL TEAM

ELEVATOR MONITOR

STAIRWAYMONITOR

ROOMMONITOR

CHAIRMAN - shall take the lead in the preparation of a Disaster Preparedness Plan for the organization; Convene the organization and orchestrate its mobilization when the need arises ; Plans for the training and equipping of the leaders and members to be ready foe effective response; etc

ASSISTANT CHAIRMAN - shall assist the DCG Chairman and acts in his absence. He may act as the Leader in the absence of any of the Staff or Operation Team Leaders , but only to one team; and performs such other duties that maybe assign to him by the DCG Chairman.

DISASTER CONTROL GROUPCORE DUTIES

STAFF ELEMENTS:

SECURITY TEAM LEADER shall be responsible for securing vacated school buildings, house structures, factories, hotels, high rise buildings, establishments, (NGAs/NGOs, OVGs, POs) and areas of evacuation and operations.

SUPPLY TEAM LEADER shall be responsible to determine all supply requirements of the Staff & Operations teams. He shall identify the sources of such supplies as may be needed and provide each Team of their requirements;

TRANSPORTATION TEAM LEADER shall be responsible for the availability of transport needs and requirements like POL , driver and see to it that vehicles are in serviceable condition;

COMMUNICATION TEAM LEADER - shall be responsible for the receipt of warning information coming from the local Civil Defense Director or other authoritative sources and disseminates such warning to all offices in the school premises and personnel.

OPERATIONS TEAMS:

WARNING TEAM LEADER should ensure the timely dissemination and receipt of warning signals by all students/teachers in schoolrooms and offices. Ensures that all students/teachers/occupants are educated on the meaning of different warning signals or alarms and the corresponding actions to be taken.

EVACUATION TEAM LEADER is responsible for supervising and expediting the planned and controlled movement of all students/teachers/occupants . To guide them to the shortest route going to safe evacuation areas in any event of emergency.

. FIRE BRIGADE TEAM LEADER - shall organize the fire-fighting teams or fire brigades of public /private organization and institution of learning; Organize trainings for the fire brigade members for them to learn how to handle and use firefighting equipment and execute appropriate fire fighting techniques

RESCUE TEAM LEADER - responsible for locating injured or trapped persons and transporting them to a place where they can be given initial treatment before transferring them to a medical practitioner for advance treatment or bringing them to the nearest hospital , if the situation warrants

MEDICAL TEAM LEADER - as head of the Health and First-Aid Team, responsible for training and equipping all members of the team that are task to administer medical and first-aid services during emergency, and for supervising the medical operations in a safe place near the impacted area.

.

DAMAGE & CONTROL TEAM LEADER • Responsible for fixing utilities in the facility or building before, during and after an emergency.;• At normal times should inspect the school building and its environment to ensure that there will be no falling debris or objects that may cause danger to students/teachers during evacuation;• Ensure that all utilities are properly fixed such as electric wirings, water pipes, building roofs, trees, etc . • Restores damaged facilities during emergencies to maintain normal operation. • After the emergency; shall see to it that all damaged facilities had been restored to normal condition. • Suggested members of this Team are carpenters, electrician, plumbers , engineers , UW, etc.

STAGE 2: GATHER DATA Base information

Members of the DCG should evaluate the school/building /community by the following steps:

Have the following information available yearly: total number of building occupants/students/teaching force;

total number of building occupants/students occupying each room and/or school building , and

building occupants /students/teachers with special needs [sick, old and handicapped] and their location;

• Acquire the most recent building/school ground layout or plan/ map.

• Use this to identify open spaces and determine the total area of available space that can be used for occupants of each floor of the building/school room for students/teachers

• Determine how many persons can occupy each open space. [1 square meter = 3 persons]; and

STAGE 2: Continuation…….

• Obtain building layout/floor plan for each building/school building that shows the doors, windows, corridors, staircases, entrance and exit points.

• Display the floor plan in strategic places of the building/scxhool for everybody’s information

STAGE 2: Continuation…….

After identifying the safe and danger spots, the next step is to develop the Building Earthquake Evacuation Plan (BEEP). These are some consideration in developing the BEEP:

1. The plan should have provision to utilize all available open spaces nearest the building/schools or resident/commercial/ community which have already been evaluated as safe from falling debris and other materials that may cause injuries;

2. Determine if there are sufficient open spaces for all. Areas to be occupied should be computed, based on the assumption that three (3) persons should occupy a 1-square meter area.

3. Consider the number of persons in each floor of the building/school room. Designate a specific open area for each floor/room of the building

STAGE 3: Conduct Building Survey /Identify Safe and Danger spots (in/out) Mark them on the map)

4. Once each building/school room has been assigned a specific evacuation site, come up with the evacuation procedure using the available map. Initially, all exit points nearest the building /school/ house should be suggested as their exit routes, assuming that these are passable after the earthquake;

5. Determine the flow of traffic from each building floors school/ house along the street using the information on actual number of occupants/students/residents per structure and their designated evacuation areas;

6. Indicate by directional signs (arrows) the flow of evacuation up to their designated evacuation site. This will be the suggested earthquake evacuation route for the building occupants/students/teachers/residents;

STAGE 3 : Continuation……..

7. Prepare the final evacuation route and orient all concerns about this;

8. Prepare Earthquake Survival Kits (flashlights, battery-operated radio, potable water, ready to eat food; rope, blanket, candle, matches, tissue paper, whistle, infant’s milk, food for elderly/special persons, tools like wrench, pliers and hammer; and

9. Prepare First Aid Kits which shall contain the suggested items: alcohol, cotton, scissors, betadine, medicines like: diatabs, Imodium, lomutile, , decolgen, medicol, medicines for maintenance of elderly and special persons, buscopan; baby oil, etc

STAGE 3: Continuation……..

SAFE SPOTS

A. Prepare the building occupants/students/teachers/ residents a week before scheduled earthquake drill.

1.Identify safe spots (under tables, desks doors, etc.) and danger zones (e.g: windows, and glass windows/ doors, bookshelves, cabinets and furniture that may topple or slide inside the house, as well as all hanging and heavy objects);

STAGE 4: ORIENTATION PRIOR TO THE CONDUCT OF AN EARTHQUAKE DRILL

DANGER ZONES

2. When danger areas have been identified, ask the

students/ household members/building managers to correct these and take action;

3. Introduce to the students/household members/building occupants the suggested evacuation routes prepared by the DCG; (see figure 1 in next slide)

4. Also introduce the assigned open areas where they should evacuate after an earthquake; and

5. Assign somebody who will be in charge of making sure that all exit points are open during the shaking.

STAGE 4: Continuation……..

Figure 1:

STAGE 4: Continuation……..

EVACUATION PLAN

B. The main concern during an on-going shaking is how to protect one’s self.

1. Give specific instructions on what to do during an earthquake.

• Introduce the DUCK, COVER and HOLD position

a. Take cover under a sturdy table or strongly supported doorways

b. Watch out for falling objects.

c. Keep calm and don’t panic

STAGE 4: Continuation ……..

2. Give specific instructions on what to do as soon as the shaking stops.

a. Be alert;

b. Listen to Marshal’s instruction;

c. Walk out of the schoolrooms/house/building in an

orderly manner;

d. While walking along the corridors/alleys/streets, be alert and watch out from falling debris;

e. DON’T run, DON’t push, DON’t talk, DON’T return, DON’T bring your things.

STAGE 4: Continuation……

f. Quietly but quickly proceed to the designated evacuation area and wait for further instructions from your marshal/team leader;

g. NEVER go back to the buildings/school buildings inside house structures once you are outside. Building should be inspected by engineers for possible damages after an earthquake.

3. For the marshal/team leader, make sure all

group members are accounted for in the designated evacuation areas.

STAGE 4: Continuation……….

1. Prior to the scheduled drill, inform the neighborhood regarding the conduct of the drill;

2. Identify and assign observers for each

exit points of the building and evacuation areas. They

will give their comments and observations during

the evaluation of the drill.

3. Observation after the drill shall be the basis in

updating or revising the BEEP

CONDUCT OF ACTUAL EARTHQUAKE DRILL

STAGE 5

3.For the Actual Drill:+

- Give instructions/reiterate the what to DO’s:

- Once the siren is heard, do the proper and

expected actions;

Continuation. . . . . . . . . . STAGE 5

3.For the Actual Drill:A. Assumptions:

• 1 strong shaking signified by a sixty (60) seconds or one (1) minute intermittent ringing or sounds of siren/bell;

• Persons cannot stand

• Buildings may have been damaged but no collapse;

• Possible falling objects including glass windows;

Continuation . . . . . . . STAGE 5

• No immediate assistance will be available for at least several hours. Self help and sustenance are required; and

• Possible injuries, fear, panic among building occupants/ students and teachers.

Continuation . . . . . . . . STAGE 5

- Participants during this 1 minute siren should perform the DUCK, COVER and HOLD;

Continuation . . . . STAGE 5

- After the 1 minute siren, students quietly get out of the room and proceed to previously designated open space; and

- Evacuation Team Leader should make a head count while in the ground.

CONTINUATION . . . . . . . . . . STAGE 5

PHASES OF AN EARTHQUAKE PHASES OF AN EARTHQUAKE DRILLDRILL

A - LARM Alarm shall be audible to all participants:

pre- arranged signal such as siren/bell should be known to all. During the drill, the siren/bell indicates earthquake/shaking. Building occupants/Students and teachers will be alerted by this signal.

R - ESPONSE While the siren/bell is ongoing, everyone

should move away from windows, glass or light fixtures. In this phase, everyone should perform “duck, cover and hold” under desk tables or chairs. Remain in this position until the “shaking” stops.

E - VACUATE Evacuate once the “shaking” stops,

building occupants/ students/ teachers should evacuate the building and proceed using pre-identified routes to go to the pre-identified evacuation areas.

A - SSEMBLY Assemble at the designated evacuation

areas, building occupants/students/teachers must be grouped together according to the floors/class where they belong.

H - EAD COUNT Building Officials/DCG Leaders/Teachers or

Team Leaders of the Evacuation Teams should check and make sure all building occupants/students are accounted for.

E - VALUATE An evaluation of the drill must be

conducted to identify problems encountered during the drill and how this can be corrected in future earthquake drills.

Consider constructive comments of observers as basis for improvements of future drills.

STEPS IN THE PREPARATION OF AN EXERCISE/DRILL

1. Organize DCG/ Define their specific roles/functions2. Formulate Building Emergency Evacuation Plan;, 3. Establish your objectives4. Gather important data or information (i.e. building

layout/floor plan, total population-ages, gender, sick handicapped,pre-identify evacuation areas, etc)5. Survey the building/s (in/outside) Identify

Safe/Danger Spots 6. Organized briefing/Orientation for all the key

players/participants to the drill;7. Generate scenarios designed for a particular drill;8. Assigned evaluators/ umpires;9. Evaluate the just concluded drill ; conduct

evaluation / critiquing to determine lapses, observations shall be the basis in the updating/ revision of the plan; and

10. Put into practice the establishment of an ICS.

End of Presentation End of Presentation

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