1.The single-celled organisms shown above live in water. What is the main function of the structures identified by the arrows?

A Absorbing water

B Removing wastes

C Helping with motion

D Getting food

2 A student can BEST use a spring scale toanswer which question?

F How does salt affect water’s density?G What is the force needed to lift a2-kilogram book 3 meters?H How much work is done when twostudents pull a rope in oppositedirections?J What is the average speed of a toy truckgoing down a 1-meter ramp at a 45oangle?

3 Which BEST describes the form an element in Group 18 on the periodic table takes at room temperature?

A A shiny solid

B A dark liquid

C A gas

D A clear mix of liquid and solid

4 A penny falls out of the window. WhichBEST explains why the speed of its motion increases as it falls?

F It is losing energy.G Only one force is acting on it.H Its mass is converted into motion.J An unbalanced force is acting on it.

5 Lying face down in a ditch is MOST likelyto keep a student safe in which situation?

A A student spots a tornado during a fieldinvestigation.

B Students are evacuated from the schooldue to a laboratory fire.

C Heavy rain forces a school bus driver topull off the road and stop.

D A chemical reaction releases strongfumes in the school library.

6 Why are light years used to study thedistances to stars?

F Stars are so far away that using normalunits for distance would result in verylarge numbers.

G Using light years sounds more scientificthan other measurements for distance.

H If we used our normal units of measure,no one would be able to write all thezeroes.

J Everyone knows how long light years are.

11 Which of the following models bestrepresents a single element?

12 New York State has seen a decrease in itsstate insect, the C-9 Ladybug. Localscientists want to create a model to predictpopulation changes in the C-9 Ladybug in thenortheast region that may result fromenvironmental changes. What information dothe scientists need to gather that would bemost helpful in building their model?

F Location of wildlife preservesG Location of the C-9 Ladybug’s naturalPredatorsH Location of rural and urban areasJ Location of high concentrations ofladybug species

13 Historically, people have argued about theorigin of the universe primarily, because –

A scientific theories are based on conjecturerather than facts gathered.

B scientific theories are based on evidencebut can conflict with beliefs and aredifficult to see.

C scientists make everything morecomplicated than it needs to be.

D no one really cares about how theuniverse started or will end.

14 In an elevator, the downward force of gravity is opposed by a greater upward force applied by elevator cables. The elevator rises because -F the forces cancel out its mass.

G the forces acting on it are unbalanced.

H gravity does not have any effect on it.

J the net force acting on it is downward.

15 There are many types of plastic, but all are made from the same substance: ethylene. The main difference between these types of plastics is their strength. The strength isdetermined by how much branching there is in the connections between carbon and hydrogen atoms. Plastics with heavy branching are thinner and more flimsy. Which of the following would have the LEAST amount of branching in the bonds?

A A plastic sandwich bag

B Grocery bags

C Shower curtains

D Plastic food wrap

17 A ball travels north at a rate of 5 meters per second. If a southward force starts acting on the ball, which will happen FIRST?

A Its northward speed will increase.

B Its northward speed will decrease.

C It will stop moving.

D It will start traveling south.

19 A boat is being rowed down the river with the current at 1 mile per hour. The man stops rowing the boat with both oars and begins to paddle on only one side of the boat. Whathappens to the boat?

A The boat begins to move in a circular path while continuing to move down the river.

B The boat remains still and does not move.

C The boat continues down the river at 2miles per hour.

D The boat changes direction and startsheading up the river and against thecurrent.

20 Point pollution is a term that refers topollution that is discharged from a singlesource that can be pinpointed fairly easily.Which of the following is NOT an exampleof a common source of point pollution?

F Highway construction

G Municipal landfills

H Oil tankers

J Wastewater treatment plants

22 What is the basis used for classifyinggalaxies?

F Appearance

G Composition

H Size

J Temperature

23 A scientist is studying planets. What equipment would be useful for this study?

A Stethoscope

B Microscope

C Telescope

D Stereoscope

24 A student performs an investigation of how sound waves travel through different media.The conclusion reads:Based on the experimental data, my conclusion is that more rigid materials are better for transmitting sounds than less rigid materials.Which of the following states ONE potential problem with this conclusion?

F The rigidity of materials is unrelated to how sound travels.

G The word “better” is too vague to conform to any experimental data.

H It would be difficult to replicate the investigation so the results could be tested.

J The effect of material on sound waves isan unscientific subject for investigation.

38.

43

According to the data in the table above, which sample of matter is most likely a metalloid?

A Sample 1B Sample 2C Sample 3D They are all metalloids

46 A student hypothesizes that if she plants aprickly pear cactus and a rosebush in thesame place in the schoolyard, the prickly pearwill be more likely to survive in theschoolyard conditions. How much timeshould the student plan for this investigationto take?F HoursG DaysH MonthsJ Years

47 Experimental results led Ernest Rutherford toconclude that atoms contain areas ofconcentrated matter and large areas withmuch less matter. The area where mass isconcentrated in an atom became known as -A the nucleus.B the valence electron configuration.C the proton shield.D the neutron layer.

48.How do the heating and cooling rates ofcoastal areas compare with the heating andcooling rates of inland areas?

F Coastal areas heat up and cool moreslowly than inland areas.G Soil heats up slower than water and coolsslower than water.H Coastal areas heat up quicker and coolquicker than inland areas.J Water and soil have the same rate ofheating and cooling.

49 Which overall effect do circulating oceancurrents have on Earth’s climates?

A They reduce the average temperatures ofall climates.B They increase the average temperaturesof all climates.C They make the average temperatures ofclimates more similar.D They make the average temperatures ofclimates more different.

50.The statement above is an example of a hypothesis because it is –

F accurate.G testable.H easy.J descriptive.