1.Review key concepts of time, plate tectonics, and the rock cycle. 2.Recognize the relationships...
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![Page 1: 1.Review key concepts of time, plate tectonics, and the rock cycle. 2.Recognize the relationships and interconnectedness of the various processes. 3.Review.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070403/56649f295503460f94c42963/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1. Review key concepts of time, plate tectonics, and the rock cycle.
2. Recognize the relationships and interconnectedness of the various processes.
3. Review water as a resource.4. Utilize a physical model to
demonstrate a component of the hydrologic cycle.
OBJECTIVES
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Battle of theHeat Engines
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Earth is a dynamic planet.
• Earthquakes
• Volcanoes
• Erosion by water, wind and ice
These processes require ENERGY
Battle of the Heat Engines
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Earth has two Heat Engines.
The Internal Heat Engine
Source: Radioactive decay
Drives Plate Tectonics
Convection Cells in Mantle
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Battle of the Heat Engines
The External Heat Engine
Source: Solar radiation
Drives the Hydrologic Cycle
Convection in the atmosphere
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Battle of the Heat Engines
The continual battle between these two
Heat Enginesdescribes a process of building up and
wearing down of Earth’s crust.
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Battle of the Heat Engines
The Hydrologic Cycle
Describes the movement of water around Earth.
Evaporation
Condensation
Transportation
Precipitation
Infiltration
Evapo-Transpiration
Runoff (Drain-a-Nation)
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Battle of the Heat Engines
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Battle of the Heat Engines
The Rock Cycle
Describes the transformation of one rock type to another via various processes.
Utilizes both
Heat Engines
to accomplish this work.
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Three Rock Types:
Igneous – “Fire Formed”Formed from molten material
Sedimentary – “Settling”Formed from weathered rocks
Metamorphic – “Change Form”Formed from other rocks using various “agents”
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Rocks “transformed” by the agents of:
Melting
Metamorphism(heat, pressure, chemically active fluids)
Weathering
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Battle of the Heat Engines
A Simplified Diagram of the Rock Cycle
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Battle of the Heat Engines
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Weathering
Chemical – Rocks broken down into smaller pieces of something different.
Mechanical – Rocks broken down into smaller pieces of the same stuff.
Weathered materials can be eroded, transported, deposited, and lithified to become new sedimentary rocks.
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Geologic Time
Many geologic processes requirevast amounts of time (aka Deep Time).
Earth is 4.6 Billion years old.
At one second per year, a movie of Earth’s history would last
about 145 years!
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Problem: We don’t have that kind of time to wait for geologic events to happen…
…but we can attempt to build models that simulate real world situations and speed up the clock.
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Battle of the Heat Engines
Physical Models:
Allow for repeatability
Speed up geologic processes
Can have variables altered to test for changes in results
Provide hands-on experience
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Battle of the Heat Engines
The River Cutters Model
Great
Explorations in
Math and
Science