1MRK506328-BEN - En Product Guide Line Distance Protection REL650 IEC

Relion 650 series

Line distance protection REL650Product Guide

Contents

1. 650 series overview..............................................3

2. Application...........................................................3

3. Available functions...............................................6

4. Impedance protection........................................17

5. Current protection..............................................19

6. Voltage protection..............................................21

7. Frequency protection.........................................22

8. Secondary system supervision..........................23

9. Control................................................................23

10. Scheme communication....................................25

11. Logic..................................................................26

12. Monitoring.........................................................28

13. Metering............................................................30

14. Human Machine interface.................................31

15. Basic IED functions...........................................31

16. Station communication.....................................32

17. Hardware description........................................33

18. Connection diagrams........................................35

19. Technical data...................................................41

20. Ordering............................................................88

Disclaimer

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by ABB AB. ABB AB assumesno responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.

Copyright 2011 ABB AB.

All rights reserved.

Trademarks

ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of ABB Group. All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks orregistered trademarks of their respective holders.

Line distance protection REL650 1MRK 506 328-BEN -Product version: 1.1 Issued: February 2011

2 ABB

1. 650 series overview

The 650 series IEDs provide optimum 'off-the-shelf', ready-to-use solutions. It is configuredwith complete protection functionality anddefault parameters to meet the needs of awide range of applications for generationtransmission and sub-transmission grids.

The 650 series IEDs include:

Complete ready-made solutions optimizedfor a wide range of applications forgeneration, transmission and sub-transmission grids.

Support for user-defined names in the locallanguage for signal and functionengineering.

Minimized parameter setting based ondefault values and ABB's new global basevalue concept. You only need to set thoseparameters specific to your ownapplication, such as the line data.

GOOSE messaging for horizontalcommunication.

Extended HMI functionality with 15dynamic three-color-indication LEDs perpage, on up to three pages, andconfigurable push-button shortcuts fordifferent actions.

Programmable LED text-based labels. Settable 1A/5A -rated current inputs.

2. Application

REL650 is used for the protection, controland monitoring of overhead lines and cablesin solidly or impedance earthed networks.The IED can be used up to the high voltagelevels. It is suitable for the protection ofheavily loaded lines and multi-terminal lineswhere the requirement for fast three-phasetripping is wanted.

The full scheme distance protection providesprotection of power lines with highsensitivity and low requirement on remote

end communication. The five zones havefully independent measuring and settingwhich gives high flexibility for all types oflines.

The modern technical solution offers fastoperating time of typically 1.5 cycles.

The autoreclose includes priority features forsingle-breaker arrangements. It co-operateswith the synchrocheck function with high-speed or delayed reclosing.

High set instantaneous phase and earthovercurrent, four step directional or non-directional delayed phase and earthovercurrent, sensitive earth fault for notdirect earthed systems, thermal overload andtwo step under and overvoltage protectionare examples of the available functionsallowing the user to fulfill any applicationrequirement.

The distance and earth fault protection cancommunicate with remote end in anyteleprotection communication scheme.

The advanced logic capability, where the userlogic is prepared with a graphical tool, allowsspecial applications.

Disturbance recording and fault locator areavailable to allow independent post-faultanalysis after primary disturbances.

Three packages has been defined forfollowing applications:

Five zone distance protection withquadrilateral characteristic (A01)

Five zone distance protection with mhocharacteristic (A05)

Five zone distance protection withquadrilateral characteristic, single poletripping (A11)

The packages are configured and ready fordirect use. Analogue and tripping IO hasbeen pre-defined for basic use.

Add binary I/O as required for theapplication when ordering. Other signalsneed to be applied as required for eachapplication.


Revision: -

ABB 3

The graphical configuration tool ensuressimple and fast testing and commissioning.

REL650 A01 Quad Distance Zones, Single Breaker 10AI (4I+1I+5U)

SMB RREC

79 0->1

SMP PTRC

94 1->0

TCS SCBR

Cond

SPVN ZBAT

Cond

Other configured functions

OV2 PTOV

59 U>

PH PIOC

50 3I>>

CC RBRF

50BF 3I> BF

V MMXU

Meter.

QA1

QB1 QB2

QB9

QC9

QC2

QC1

WA1

WA2

V MSQI

Meter.

DRP RDRE

Mont.

EF PIOC

50N IN>>

CC RPLD

52PD PD

S SCBR

Cond

L PTTR

26 q>

EF4 PTOC

51N/67N IN>

OC4 PTOC

51/67 3I>

BRC PTOC

46 Iub

SDEPSDE

67N IN

STB PTOC

50STB I>

GOP PDOP

32 P>

GUP PDUP

37 P>

CC RBRF

50BF 3I> BF

V MMXU

Meter.

QA1

QB1 QB2

QB9

QC9

QC2

QC1

WA1

WA2

V MSQI

Meter.

DRP RDRE

Mont.

EF PIOC

50N IN>>

CC RPLD

52PD PD

S SCBR

Cond

L PTTR

26 q>

EF4 PTOC

51N/67N IN>

OC4 PTOC

51/67 3I>

BRC PTOC

46 Iub

SDEPSDE

67N IN

STB PTOC

50STB I>

GOP PDOP

32 P>

GUP PDUP

37 P

EF4 PTOC

51N/67N IN>

BRC PTOC

46 Iub

SDE PSDE

37 2I

GOP PDOP

32 P>

GUP PDUP

37 P0

STB RREC

79 0->1

CSP RBRF

50BF 3I> BF

VN MMXU

Meter.

DNP

ANSI IEC

Function Disabled in Settings

IEC60870-5-103

ANSI IEC

IEC10000342 V1 EN

Figure 3. A typical protection application for quadrilateral characteristic distance zones in asingle breaker arrangement, single pole tripping


6 ABB

3. Available functions

Main protection functions

IEC 61850/Functionblock name

ANSI Function description Line Distance

REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

Impedance protection

ZQDPDIS 21 Five zone distance protection,quadrilateral characteristic

1 1

FDPSPDIS 21 Phase selection with loadenchroachment, quadrilateralcharacteristic

1 1

ZMOPDIS 21 Five zone distance protection, mhocharacteristic

1

FMPSPDIS 21 Faulty phase identification with loadenchroachment for mho

1

ZDNRDIR 21 Directional impedance quadrilateral andmho

1 1 1

PPLPHIZ Phase preference logic 1 1 1

ZMRPSB 68 Power swing detection 1 1 1

ZCVPSOF Automatic switch onto fault logic,voltage and current based

1 1 1


ABB 7

Back-up protection functions

IEC 61850/Functionblockname


REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

Current protection

PHPIOC 50 Instantaneous phase overcurrentprotection

1 1

SPTPIOC 50 Instantaneous phase overcurrentprotection

1

OC4PTOC 51/67 Four step directional phase overcurrentprotection

1 1

OC4SPTOC 51/67 Four step phase overcurrent protection 1

EFPIOC 50N Instantaneous residual overcurrentprotection

1 1 1

EF4PTOC 51N/67N

Four step directional residualovercurrent protection

1 1 1

SDEPSDE 67N Sensitive directional residualovercurrent and power protection

1 1 1

UC2PTUC 37 Time delayed 2-step undercurrentprotection

1 1 1

LPTTR 26 Thermal overload protection, one timeconstant

1 1 1

CCRBRF 50BF Breaker failure protection 1 1

CSPRBRF 50BF Breaker failure protection 1

STBPTOC 50STB Stub protection 1 1 1

CCRPLD 52PD Pole discordance protection 1 1 1

BRCPTOC 46 Broken conductor check 1 1 1

GUPPDUP 37 Directional underpower protection 1 1 1

GOPPDOP 32 Directional overpower protection 1 1 1

DNSPTOC 46 Negative sequence based overcurrentfunction

1 1 1


8 ABB

IEC 61850/Functionblockname


REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

Voltage protection

UV2PTUV 27 Two step undervoltage protection 1 1 1

OV2PTOV 59 Two step overvoltage protection 1 1 1

ROV2PTOV 59N Two step residual overvoltageprotection

1 1 1

LOVPTUV 27 Loss of voltage check 1 1 1

Frequency protection

SAPTUF 81 Underfrequency function 2 2 2

SAPTOF 81 Overfrequency function 2 2 2

SAPFRC 81 Rate-of-change frequency protection 2 2 2


ABB 9

Control and monitoring functions

IEC 61850/Function blockname


REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

Control

SESRSYN 25 Synchrocheck, energizing check,and synchronizing

1 1 1

SMBRREC 79 Autorecloser 1 1

STBRREC 79 Autorecloser 1

QCBAY Bay control 1 1 1

LOCREM Handling of LR-switch positions 1 1 1

LOCREMCTRL LHMI control of Permitted SourceTo Operate (PSTO)

1 1 1

SLGGIO Logic Rotating Switch for functionselection and LHMI presentation

15 15 15

VSGGIO Selector mini switch extension 20 20 20

DPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions double point

16 16 16

SPC8GGIO Single point generic control 8 signals 5 5 5

AUTOBITS AutomationBits, command functionfor DNP3.0

3 3 3

I103CMD Function commands forIEC60870-5-103

1 1 1

I103IEDCMD IED commands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1

I103USRCMD Function commands user definedfor IEC60870-5-103

4 4 4

I103GENCMD Function commands generic forIEC60870-5-103

50 50 50

I103POSCMD IED commands with position andselect for IEC60870-5-103

50 50 50

Secondary system supervision


10 ABB



REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

CCSRDIF 87 Current circuit supervision 1 1 1

SDDRFUF Fuse failure supervision 1 1 1

TCSSCBR Breaker close/trip circuit monitoring 3 3 3

Logic

SMPPTRC 94 Tripping logic 1 1

SPTPTRC 94 Tripping logic 1

TMAGGIO Trip matrix logic 12 12 12

OR Configurable logic blocks, OR gate 283 283 283

INVERTER Configurable logic blocks, Invertergate

140 140 140

PULSETIMER Configurable logic blocks, Pulsetimer

40 40 40

GATE Configurable logic blocks,Controllable gate

40 40 40

XOR Configurable logic blocks, exclusiveOR gate

40 40 40

LOOPDELAY Configurable logic blocks, loop delay 40 40 40

TIMERSET Configurable logic blocks, timerfunction block

40 40 40

AND Configurable logic blocks, AND gate 280 280 280

SRMEMORY Configurable logic blocks, set-resetmemory flip-flop gate

40 40 40

RSMEMORY Configurable logic blocks, reset-setmemory flip-flop gate

40 40 40

FXDSIGN Fixed signal function block 1 1 1

B16I Boolean 16 to Integer conversion 16 16 16

B16IFCVI Boolean 16 to Integer conversionwith logic node representation

16 16 16


ABB 11



REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

IB16A Integer to Boolean 16 conversion 16 16 16

IB16FCVB Integer to Boolean 16 conversionwith logic node representation

16 16 16

Monitoring

CVMMXN Measurements 6 6 6

CMMXU Phase current measurement 10 10 10

VMMXU Phase-phase voltage measurement 6 6 6

CMSQI Current sequence componentmeasurement

6 6 6

VMSQI Voltage sequence measurement 6 6 6

VNMMXU Phase-neutral voltage measurement 6 6 6

CNTGGIO Event counter 5 5 5

DRPRDRE Disturbance report 1 1 1

AxRADR Analog input signals 4 4 4

BxRBDR Binary input signals 6 6 6

SPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions

64 64 64

SP16GGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16 inputs

16 16 16

MVGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions

16 16 16

MVEXP Measured value expander block 66 66 66

LMBRFLO Fault locator 1 1 1

SPVNZBAT Station battery supervision 1 1 1

SSIMG 63 Insulation gas monitoring function 1 1 1

SSIML 71 Insulation liquid monitoring function 1 1 1

SSCBR Circuit breaker condition monitoring 1 1 1


12 ABB



REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

I103MEAS Measurands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1

I103MEASUSR Measurands user defined signals forIEC60870-5-103

3 3 3

I103AR Function status auto-recloser forIEC60870-5-103

1 1 1

I103EF Function status earth-fault forIEC60870-5-103

1 1 1

I103FLTPROT Function status fault protection forIEC60870-5-103

1 1 1

I103IED IED status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1

I103SUPERV Supervison status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1

I103USRDEF Status for user defined signals forIEC60870-5-103

20 20 20

Metering

PCGGIO Pulse counter logic 16 16 16

ETPMMTR Function for energy calculation anddemand handling

3 3 3


ABB 13

Designed to communicate



REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

Station communication

IEC 61850 communicationprotocol, LAN1

1 1 1

DNP3.0 for TCP/IPcommunication protocol, LAN1

1 1 1

IEC61870-5-103 IEC60870-5-103 serialcommunication via ST

1 1 1

GOOSEINTLKRCV Horizontal communication viaGOOSE for interlocking

59 59 59

GOOSEBINRCV GOOSE binary receive 4 4 4

GOOSEDPRCV GOOSE function block to receivea double point value

32 32 32

GOOSEINTRCV GOOSE function block to receivean integer value

32 32 32

GOOSEMVRCV GOOSE function block to receivea mesurand value

16 16 16

GOOSESPRCV GOOSE function block to receivea single point value

64 64 64

Scheme communication

ZCPSCH 85 Scheme communication logic fordistance or overcurrent protection

1 1 1

ZCRWPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for distanceprotection

1 1

ZCWSPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for distanceprotection

1


14 ABB



REL650 (

A01)

3P

h/1

CB

, quad

REL650 (

A05)

3P

h/1

CB

, m

ho

REL650 (

A11)

1P

h/1

CB

ZCLCPLAL Local acceleration logic 1 1 1

ECPSCH 85 Scheme communication logic forresidual overcurrent protection

1 1 1

ECRWPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for residualovercurrent protection

1 1 1


ABB 15

Basic IED functions


Function description

Basic functions included in all products

INTERRSIG Self supervision with internal event list 1

SELFSUPEVLST Self supervision with internal event list 1

SNTP Time synchronization 1

TIMESYNCHGEN Time synchronization 1

DTSBEGIN,DTSEND,TIMEZONE

Time synchronization, daylight saving 1

IRIG-B Time synchronization 1

SETGRPS Setting group handling 1

ACTVGRP Parameter setting groups 1

TESTMODE Test mode functionality 1

CHNGLCK Change lock function 1

TERMINALID IED identifiers 1

PRODINF Product information 1

PRIMVAL Primary system values 1

SMAI_20_1-12 Signal matrix for analog inputs 2

3PHSUM Summation block 3 phase 12

GBASVAL Global base values for settings 6

ATHSTAT Authority status 1

ATHCHCK Authority check 1

FTPACCS FTP access with password 1

DOSFRNT Denial of service, frame rate control for front port 1

DOSLAN1 Denial of service, frame rate control for LAN1 1

DOSSCKT Denial of service, socket flow control 1


16 ABB

4. Impedance protection

Five zone distance protection,quadrilateral characteristicZQDPDIS

Five zone distance protection, quadrilateralcharacteristic ZQDPDIS is a five zone fullscheme protection with three fault loops forphase-to-phase faults and three fault loopsfor phase-to-earth fault for each of theindependent zones. Individual settings foreach zone in resistive and reactive reachgives flexibility for use as back-up protectionfor transformer connected to overhead linesand cables of different types and lengths.

ZQDPDIS together with Phase selection withload encroachment FDPSPDIS hasfunctionality for load encroachment, whichincreases the possibility to detect highresistive faults on heavily loaded lines, asshown in figure4.

en05000034.vsd

R

X

Forwardoperation

Reverseoperation

IEC05000034 V1 EN

Figure 4. Typical quadrilateral distanceprotection zone with Phase selectionwith load encroachment functionFDPSPDIS activated

Built-in adaptive load compensationalgorithm prevents overreaching of all zonesat phase-to-earth faults on heavily loadedpower lines.

The distance protection zones can operateindependently of each other in directional(forward or reverse) or non-directional mode.This makes them suitable, together withdifferent communication schemes, for theprotection of power lines and cables incomplex network configurations, such asparallel lines, multi-terminal lines, and so on.

Phase selection, quadrilateralcharacteristic with fixed angleFDPSPDIS

The operation of transmission networkstoday is in many cases close to the stabilitylimit. Due to environmental considerations,the rate of expansion and reinforcement ofthe power system is reduced, for example,difficulties to get permission to build newpower lines. Phase selection, quadrilateralcharacteristic with fixed angle FDPSPDIS isdesigned to accurately select the proper faultloop in the distance function dependent onthe fault type.

The heavy load transfer that is common inmany transmission networks may make faultresistance coverage difficult to achieve.Therefore, FDPSPDIS has a built-in algorithmfor load encroachment, which gives thepossibility to enlarge the resistive setting ofboth the phase selection and the measuringzones without interfering with the load.

The extensive output signals from the phaseselection gives also important informationabout faulty phase(s), which can be used forfault analysis.

Five zone distance protection, mhocharacteristic ZMOPDIS

The numerical mho line distance protection isa five zone full scheme protection for back-up detection of short circuit and earth faults.The full scheme technique provides back-upprotection of power lines with highsensitivity and low requirement on remoteend communication. The five zones havefully independent measuring and settings,which gives high flexibility for all types oflines.


ABB 17

The IED can be used up to high voltagelevels. It is suitable for the protection ofheavily loaded lines and multi-terminal lineswhere the requirement for fast three-phasetripping is wanted.

Built-in adaptive load compensationalgorithm prevents overreaching at phase-to-earth faults on heavily loaded power lines,see figure 5.

en07000117.vsd

jX

Operation area Operation area

R

Operation area

No operation area No operation area

IEC07000117 V1 EN

Figure 5. Load encroachment influence onthe offset mho characteristic

The distance protection zones can operate,independent of each other, in directional(forward or reverse) or non-directional mode(offset). This makes them suitable, togetherwith different communication schemes, forthe protection of power lines and cables incomplex network configurations, such asparallel lines, multi-terminal lines and so on.

Faulty phase identification withload encroachment FMPSPDIS

The phase selection function is design toaccurate select the proper fault loop in thedistance function dependent on the fault type.

The heavy load transfer that is common inmany transmission networks may in somecases interfere with the distance protectionzone reach and cause unwanted operation.Therefore the function has a built inalgorithm for load encroachment, which givesthe possibility to enlarge the resistive setting

of the measuring zones without interferingwith the load.

The output signals from the phase selectionfunction produce important informationabout faulty phase(s), which can be used forfault analysis as well.

Directional impedance quadrilateraland mho ZDNRDIR

The evaluation of the direction to the fault ismade in the directional element ZDNRDIR forthe quadrilateral and mho characteristicdistance protections ZQDPDIS and ZMOPDIS.

Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ

Phase preference logic function PPLPHIZ isintended to be used in isolated or highimpedance earthed networks where there is arequirement to trip only one of the faultylines at cross-country fault.

Phase preference logic inhibits tripping forsingle phase-to-earth faults in isolated andhigh impedance earthed networks, wheresuch faults are not to be cleared by distanceprotection. For cross-country faults, the logicselects either the leading or the lagging phase-earth loop for measurement and initiatestripping of the preferred fault based on theselected phase preference. A number ofdifferent phase preference combinations areavailable for selection.

Power swing detection ZMRPSB

Power swings may occur after disconnectionof heavy loads or trip of big generation plants.

Power swing detection function (ZMRPSB) isused to detect power swings and initiateblock of selected distance protection zones.Occurrence of earth-fault currents during apower swing inhibits the ZMRPSB function toallow fault clearance.

Automatic switch onto fault logic,voltage and current based ZCVPSOF

Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage andcurrent based (ZCVPSOF) is a function thatgives an instantaneous trip at closing ofbreaker onto a fault. A dead line detection


18 ABB

check is provided to activate the functionwhen the line is dead.

Mho distance protections can not operate forswitch onto fault condition when the phasevoltages are close to zero. An additional logicbased on UI Level is used for this purpose.

5. Current protection

Instantaneous phase overcurrentprotection PHPIOC

The instantaneous three phase overcurrentfunction has a low transient overreach andshort tripping time to allow use as a high setshort-circuit protection function.

Instantaneous phase overcurrentprotection SPTPIOC

The instantaneous three phase overcurrentfunction has a low transient overreach andshort tripping time to allow use as a high setshort-circuit protection function.

Four step phase overcurrentprotection OC4PTOC

The four step phase overcurrent protectionfunction OC4PTOC has an inverse or definitetime delay independent for step 1 and 4separately. Step 2 and 3 are always definitetime delayed.

All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristicsare available.

The directional function is voltage polarizedwith memory. The function can be set to bedirectional or non-directional independentlyfor each of the steps.

Four step phase overcurrentprotection OC4SPTOC

The four step phase overcurrent function(OC4SPTOC) has an inverse or definite timedelay independent for each step separately.


The directional function is voltage polarizedwith memory. The function can be set to bedirectional or non-directional independentlyfor each of the steps.

Instantaneous residual overcurrentprotection EFPIOC

The Instantaneous residual overcurrentprotection EFPIOC has a low transientoverreach and short tripping times to allowthe use for instantaneous earth-faultprotection, with the reach limited to less thanthe typical eighty percent of the line atminimum source impedance. EFPIOC can beconfigured to measure the residual currentfrom the three-phase current inputs or thecurrent from a separate current input.EFPIOC can be blocked by activating theinput BLOCK.

Four step residual overcurrentprotection EF4PTOC

The four step residual overcurrent protection(EF4PTOC) has a settable inverse or definitetime delay independent for step 1 and 4separately. Step 2 and 3 are always definitetime delayed.


The directional function is voltage polarized,current polarized or dual polarized.

EF4PTOC can be set directional or non-directional independently for each of the steps.

A second harmonic blocking can be setindividually for each step.

EF4PTOC can be used as main protection forphase-to-earth faults.

EF4PTOC can also be used to provide asystem back-up for example, in the case ofthe primary protection being out of servicedue to communication or voltage transformercircuit failure.

Directional operation can be combinedtogether with corresponding communicationlogic in permissive or blocking teleprotectionscheme. Current reversal and weak-endinfeed functionality are available as well.


ABB 19

Sensitive directional residualovercurrent and power protectionSDEPSDE

In isolated networks or in networks withhigh impedance earthing, the earth faultcurrent is significantly smaller than the shortcircuit currents. In addition to this, themagnitude of the fault current is almostindependent on the fault location in thenetwork. The protection can be selected touse either the residual current or residualpower component 3U03I0cos j, foroperating quantity. There is also availableone non-directional 3I0 step and one non-

directional 3U0 overvoltage tripping step.

Time delayed 2-step undercurrentprotection UC2PTUC

Time delayed 2-step undercurrent protection(UC2PTUC function is used to supervise theline for low current, for example, to detect aloss-of-load condition, which results in acurrent lower than the normal load current.

Thermal overload protection, onetime constant LPTTR

The increasing utilizing of the power systemcloser to the thermal limits has generated aneed of a thermal overload protection alsofor power lines.

A thermal overload will often not be detectedby other protection functions and theintroduction of the thermal overloadprotection can allow the protected circuit tooperate closer to the thermal limits.

The three-phase current measuring protection

has an I2t characteristic with settable timeconstant and a thermal memory.

An alarm level gives early warning to allowoperators to take action well before the lineis tripped.

Breaker failure protection CCRBRF

Breaker failure protection (CCRBRF) ensuresfast back-up tripping of surrounding breakersin case the own breaker failure to open.CCRBRF can be current based, contact based,

or an adaptive combination of these twoprinciples.

A current check with extremely short resettime is used as check criterion to achieve ahigh security against unnecessary operation.

A contact check criteria can be used wherethe fault current through the breaker is small.

Breaker failure protection (CCRBRF) currentcriteria can be fulfilled by one or two phasecurrents, or one phase current plus residualcurrent. When those currents exceed the userdefined settings, the function is activated.These conditions increase the security of theback-up trip command.

CCRBRF function can be programmed to givea three-phase re-trip of the own breaker toavoid unnecessary tripping of surroundingbreakers at an incorrect initiation due tomistakes during testing.

Breaker failure protection CSPRBRF

Breaker failure protection CSPRBRF ensuresfast back-up tripping of surrounding breakersin case of own breaker failure to open.CSPRBRF can be current based, contactbased, or adaptive combination betweenthese two principles.

A current check with extremely short resettime is used as a check criterion to achieve ahigh security against unnecessary operation.

A contact check criteria can be used wherethe fault current through the breaker is small.

CSPRBRF function current criteria can befulfilled by one or two phase currents, or onephase current plus residual current. Whenthose currents exceed the user definedsettings, the function is activated. Theseconditions increase the security of the back-up trip command.

CSPRBRF can be programmed to give a three-phase re-trip of the own breaker to avoidunnecessary tripping of surrounding breakersat an incorrect initiation due to mistakesduring testing.


20 ABB

Stub protection STBPTOC

When a power line is taken out of service formaintenance and the line disconnector isopened the voltage transformers will mostlybe outside on the disconnected part. Theprimary line distance protection will thus notbe able to operate and must be blocked.

The stub protection STBPTOC covers thezone between the current transformers andthe open disconnector. The three-phaseinstantaneous overcurrent function isreleased from a normally open, NO (b)auxiliary contact on the line disconnector.

Pole discordance protectionCCRPLD

Circuit breakers and disconnectors can endup with the poles in different positions (close-open), due to electrical or mechanicalfailures. This can cause negative and zerosequence currents which cause thermal stresson rotating machines and can causeunwanted operation of zero sequence ornegative sequence current functions.

Normally the own breaker is tripped tocorrect such a situation. If the situationpersists the surrounding breakers should betripped to clear the unsymmetrical loadsituation.

The pole discordance function operates basedon information from the circuit breaker logicwith additional criteria from unsymmetricalphase currents when required.

Broken conductor check BRCPTOC

Conventional protection functions can notdetect the broken conductor condition.Broken conductor check (BRCPTOC)function, consisting of continuous currentunsymmetrical check on the line where theIED is connected will give alarm or trip atdetecting broken conductors.

Directional over/underpowerprotection GOPPDOP/GUPPDUP

The directional over-/under-power protectionGOPPDOP/GUPPDUP can be used wherever

a high/low active, reactive or apparent powerprotection or alarming is required. Thefunctions can alternatively be used to checkthe direction of active or reactive power flowin the power system. There are a number ofapplications where such functionality isneeded. Some of them are:

detection of reversed active power flow detection of high reactive power flow

Each function has two steps with definitetime delay. Reset times for both steps can beset as well.

Negative sequence basedovercurrent function DNSPTOC

Negative sequence based overcurrentfunction (DNSPTOC) is typically used assensitive earth-fault protection of powerlines, where incorrect zero sequencepolarization may result from mutualinduction between two or more parallel lines.

Additionally, it is applied in applications onunderground cables, where zero sequenceimpedance depends on the fault currentreturn paths, but the cable negative sequenceimpedance is practically constant.

The directional function is current andvoltage polarized. The function can be set toforward, reverse or non-directionalindependently for each step.

DNSPTOC protects against all unbalancedfaults including phase-to-phase faults. Theminimum start current of the function mustbe set to above the normal system unbalancelevel in order to avoid unintentionalfunctioning.

6. Voltage protection

Two step undervoltage protectionUV2PTUV

Undervoltages can occur in the power systemduring faults or abnormal conditions. Twostep undervoltage protection (UV2PTUV)


ABB 21

function can be used to open circuit breakersto prepare for system restoration at poweroutages or as long-time delayed back-up toprimary protection.

UV2PTUV has two voltage steps, where step1 is settable as inverse or definite timedelayed. Step 2 is always definite time delayed.

Two step overvoltage protectionOV2PTOV

Overvoltages may occur in the power systemduring abnormal conditions such as suddenpower loss, tap changer regulating failures,open line ends on long lines etc.

OV2PTOV has two voltage steps, where step1 can be set as inverse or definite timedelayed. Step 2 is always definite time delayed.

OV2PTOV has an extremely high reset ratioto allow settings close to system servicevoltage.

Two step residual overvoltageprotection ROV2PTOV

Residual voltages may occur in the powersystem during earth faults.

Two step residual overvoltage protectionROV2PTOV function calculates the residualvoltage from the three-phase voltage inputtransformers or measures it from a singlevoltage input transformer fed from an opendelta or neutral point voltage transformer.

ROV2PTOV has two voltage steps, wherestep 1 can be set as inverse or definite timedelayed. Step 2 is always definite time delayed.

Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV

Loss of voltage check (LOVPTUV) is suitablefor use in networks with an automatic systemrestoration function. LOVPTUV issues a three-pole trip command to the circuit breaker, ifall three phase voltages fall below the setvalue for a time longer than the set time andthe circuit breaker remains closed.

7. Frequency protection

Underfrequency protection SAPTUF

Underfrequency occurs as a result of lack ofgeneration in the network.

Underfrequency protection SAPTUF is usedfor load shedding systems, remedial actionschemes, gas turbine startup and so on.

SAPTUF is provided with an undervoltageblocking.

Overfrequency protection SAPTOF

Overfrequency protection function SAPTOF isapplicable in all situations, where reliabledetection of high fundamental power systemfrequency is needed.

Overfrequency occurs at sudden load dropsor shunt faults in the power network. Closeto the generating plant, generator governorproblems can also cause over frequency.

SAPTOF is used mainly for generationshedding and remedial action schemes. It isalso used as a frequency stage initiating loadrestoring.

SAPTOF is provided with an undervoltageblocking.

Rate-of-change frequencyprotection SAPFRC

Rate-of-change frequency protection function(SAPFRC) gives an early indication of a maindisturbance in the system. SAPFRC can beused for generation shedding, load sheddingand remedial action schemes. SAPFRC candiscriminate between positive or negativechange of frequency.

SAPFRC is provided with an undervoltageblocking.


22 ABB

8. Secondary systemsupervision

Current circuit supervisionCCSRDIF

Open or short circuited current transformercores can cause unwanted operation of manyprotection functions such as differential,earth-fault current and negative-sequencecurrent functions.

It must be remembered that a blocking ofprotection functions at an occurrence of openCT circuit will mean that the situation willremain and extremely high voltages willstress the secondary circuit.

Current circuit supervision (CCSRDIF)compares the residual current from a threephase set of current transformer cores withthe neutral point current on a separate inputtaken from another set of cores on thecurrent transformer.

A detection of a difference indicates a fault inthe circuit and is used as alarm or to blockprotection functions expected to giveunwanted tripping.

Fuse failure supervision SDDRFUF

The aim of the fuse failure supervisionfunction (SDDRFUF) is to block voltagemeasuring functions at failures in thesecondary circuits between the voltagetransformer and the IED in order to avoidunwanted operations that otherwise mightoccur.

The fuse failure supervision function basicallyhas three different algorithms, negativesequence and zero sequence basedalgorithms and an additional delta voltageand delta current algorithm.

The negative sequence detection algorithm isrecommended for IEDs used in isolated orhigh-impedance earthed networks. It is basedon the negative-sequence measuringquantities, a high value of voltage 3U2

without the presence of the negative-sequence current 3I2.

The zero sequence detection algorithm isrecommended for IEDs used in directly orlow impedance earthed networks. It is basedon the zero sequence measuring quantities, ahigh value of voltage 3U0 without the

presence of the residual current 3I0.

A criterion based on delta current and deltavoltage measurements can be added to thefuse failure supervision function in order todetect a three phase fuse failure, which inpractice is more associated with voltagetransformer switching during stationoperations.

For better adaptation to system requirements,an operation mode setting has beenintroduced which makes it possible to selectthe operating conditions for negativesequence and zero sequence based function.The selection of different operation modesmakes it possible to choose differentinteraction possibilities between the negativesequence and zero sequence based algorithm.

Breaker close/trip circuitmonitoring TCSSCBR

The trip circuit supervision function TCSSCBRis designed to supervise the control circuit ofthe circuit breaker. The invalidity of a controlcircuit is detected by using a dedicatedoutput contact that contains the supervisionfunctionality.

The function operates after a predefinedoperating time and resets when the faultdisappears.

9. Control

Synchrocheck, energizing check,and synchronizing SESRSYN

The Synchronizing function allows closing ofasynchronous networks at the correct


ABB 23

moment including the breaker closing time,which improves the network stability.

Synchrocheck, energizing check, andsynchronizing (SESRSYN) function checksthat the voltages on both sides of the circuitbreaker are in synchronism, or with at leastone side dead to ensure that closing can bedone safely.

SESRSYN function includes a built-in voltageselection scheme for double bus arrangements.

Manual closing as well as automatic reclosingcan be checked by the function and can havedifferent settings.

For systems which are running asynchronousa synchronizing function is provided. Themain purpose of the synchronizing functionis to provide controlled closing of circuitbreakers when two asynchronous systems aregoing to be connected. It is used for slipfrequencies that are larger than those forsynchrocheck and lower than a set maximumlevel for the synchronizing function.

Autorecloser SMBRREC

The autorecloser (SMBRREC) functionprovides high-speed and/or delayed auto-reclosing for single breaker applications.

Up to five reclosing attempts can be includedby parameter setting.

The autoreclosing function can be configuredto co-operate with a synchrocheck function.

Autorecloser STBRREC

The autoreclosing function provides high-speed and/or delayed auto-reclosing forsingle breaker applications.

Up to five reclosing attempts can be includedby parameter setting. The first attempt can besingle- and/or three phase for single-phase ormulti-phase faults respectively.

Multiple autoreclosing functions are providedfor multi-breaker arrangements. A prioritycircuit allows one circuit breaker to close firstand the second will only close if the faultproved to be transient.

The autoreclosing function can be configuredto co-operate with a synchrocheck function.

Bay control QCBAY

The Bay control QCBAY function is usedtogether with Local remote and local remotecontrol functions is used to handle theselection of the operator place per bay.QCBAY also provides blocking functions thatcan be distributed to different apparatuseswithin the bay.

Local remote LOCREM /Localremote control LOCREMCTRL

The signals from the local HMI or from anexternal local/remote switch are applied viathe function blocks LOCREM andLOCREMCTRL to the Bay control (QCBAY)function block. A parameter in function blockLOCREM is set to choose if the switch signalsare coming from the local HMI or from anexternal hardware switch connected viabinary inputs.

Logic rotating switch for functionselection and LHMI presentationSLGGIO

The logic rotating switch for functionselection and LHMI presentation function(SLGGIO) (or the selector switch functionblock) is used to get a selector switchfunctionality similar to the one provided by ahardware selector switch. Hardware selectorswitches are used extensively by utilities, inorder to have different functions operating onpre-set values. Hardware switches arehowever sources for maintenance issues,lower system reliability and an extendedpurchase portfolio. The logic selectorswitches eliminate all these problems.

Selector mini switch VSGGIO

The Selector mini switch VSGGIO functionblock is a multipurpose function used for avariety of applications, as a general purposeswitch.

VSGGIO can be controlled from the menu orfrom a symbol on the single line diagram(SLD) on the local HMI.


24 ABB

IEC 61850 generic communicationI/O functions DPGGIO

The IEC 61850 generic communication I/Ofunctions (DPGGIO) function block is used tosend double indications to other systems orequipment in the substation. It is especiallyused in the interlocking and reservationstation-wide logics.

Single point generic control 8signals SPC8GGIO

The Single point generic control 8 signals(SPC8GGIO) function block is a collection of8 single point commands, designed to bringin commands from REMOTE (SCADA) tothose parts of the logic configuration that donot need extensive command receivingfunctionality (for example, SCSWI). In thisway, simple commands can be sent directlyto the IED outputs, without confirmation.Confirmation (status) of the result of thecommands is supposed to be achieved byother means, such as binary inputs andSPGGIO function blocks. The commands canbe pulsed or steady.

AutomationBits AUTOBITS

The Automation bits function (AUTOBITS) isused to configure the DNP3 protocolcommand handling.

10. Schemecommunication

Scheme communication logic fordistance or overcurrent protectionZCPSCH

To achieve instantaneous fault clearance forall line faults, a scheme communication logicis provided. All types of communicationschemes for example, permissiveunderreaching, permissive overreaching,blocking, unblocking, intertrip are available.

Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for distance protectionZCRWPSCH

The current reversal function is used toprevent unwanted operations due to currentreversal when using permissive overreachprotection schemes in application withparallel lines when the overreach from thetwo ends overlap on the parallel line.

The weak-end infeed logic is used in caseswhere the apparent power behind theprotection can be too low to activate thedistance protection function. When activated,received carrier signal together with localunder voltage criteria and no reverse zoneoperation gives an instantaneous trip. Thereceived signal is also echoed back toaccelerate the sending end.

Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for distance protectionZCWSPSCH

The current reversal function is used toprevent unwanted operations due to currentreversal when using permissive overreachprotection schemes in application withparallel lines when the overreach from thetwo ends overlap on the parallel line.

The weak-end infeed logic is used in caseswhere the apparent power behind theprotection can be too low to activate thedistance protection function. When activated,received carrier signal together with localunder voltage criteria and no reverse zoneoperation gives an instantaneous trip. Thereceived signal is also echoed back toaccelerate the sending end.

Local acceleration logic ZCLCPLAL

To achieve fast clearing of faults on thewhole line, when no communication channelis available, local acceleration logic(ZCLCPLAL) can be used. This logic enablesfast fault clearing during certain conditions,but naturally, it can not fully replace acommunication channel.


ABB 25

The logic can be controlled either by theautorecloser (zone extension) or by the loss-of-load current (loss-of-load acceleration).

Scheme communication logic forresidual overcurrent protectionECPSCH

To achieve fast fault clearance of earth faultson the part of the line not covered by theinstantaneous step of the residual overcurrentprotection, the directional residualovercurrent protection can be supported witha logic that uses communication channels.

In the directional scheme, information of thefault current direction must be transmitted tothe other line end. With directionalcomparison, a short operate time of theprotection including a channel transmissiontime, can be achieved. This short operatetime enables rapid autoreclosing functionafter the fault clearance.

The communication logic module fordirectional residual current protectionenables blocking as well as permissive under/overreaching schemes. The logic can also besupported by additional logic for weak-endinfeed and current reversal, included inCurrent reversal and weak-end infeed logicfor residual overcurrent protection(ECRWPSCH) function.

Current reversal and weak-endinfeed logic for residualovercurrent protection ECRWPSCH

The Current reversal and weak-end infeedlogic for residual overcurrent protectionECRWPSCH is a supplement to Schemecommunication logic for residual overcurrentprotection ECPSCH.

To achieve fast fault clearing for all earthfaults on the line, the directional earth-faultprotection function can be supported withlogic that uses communication channels.

The 650 series IEDs have for this reasonavailable additions to scheme communicationlogic.

If parallel lines are connected to commonbusbars at both terminals, overreachingpermissive communication schemes can tripunselectively due to fault current reversal.This unwanted tripping affects the healthyline when a fault is cleared on the other line.This lack of security can result in a total lossof interconnection between the two buses. Toavoid this type of disturbance, a fault currentreversal logic (transient blocking logic) canbe used.

Permissive communication schemes forresidual overcurrent protection can basicallyoperate only when the protection in theremote IED can detect the fault. Thedetection requires a sufficient minimumresidual fault current, out from this IED. Thefault current can be too low due to anopened breaker or high-positive and/or zero-sequence source impedance behind this IED.To overcome these conditions, weak-endinfeed (WEI) echo logic is used.

11. Logic

Tripping logic SMPPTRC

A function block for protection tripping isprovided for each circuit breaker involved inthe tripping of the fault. It provides the pulseprolongation to ensure a trip pulse ofsufficient length, as well as all functionalitynecessary for correct co-operation withautoreclosing functions.

The trip function block includes functionalityfor breaker lock-out.

Tripping logic SPTPTRC

A function block for protection tripping isprovided for each circuit breaker involved inthe tripping of the fault. It provides the pulseprolongation to ensure a trip pulse ofsufficient length, as well as all functionalitynecessary for correct cooperation withautoreclosing and communication logicfunctions.


26 ABB

The trip function block includes functionalityfor evolving faults and breaker lock-out.

Trip matrix logic TMAGGIO

Trip matrix logic TMAGGIO function is usedto route trip signals and other logical outputsignals to different output contacts on the IED.

TMAGGIO output signals and the physicaloutputs allows the user to adapt the signalsto the physical tripping outputs according tothe specific application needs.

Configurable logic blocks

A number of logic blocks and timers areavailable for the user to adapt theconfiguration to the specific application needs.

OR function block.

INVERTER function blocks that inverts theinput signal.

PULSETIMER function block can be used,for example, for pulse extensions orlimiting of operation of outputs.

GATE function block is used for whetheror not a signal should be able to pass fromthe input to the output.

XOR function block.

LOOPDELAY function block used to delaythe output signal one execution cycle.

TIMERSET function has pick-up and drop-out delayed outputs related to the inputsignal. The timer has a settable time delay.

AND function block.

SRMEMORY function block is a flip-flopthat can set or reset an output from twoinputs respectively. Each block has twooutputs where one is inverted. The memorysetting controls if the block should be resetor return to the state before theinterruption, after a power interruption. Setinput has priority.

RSMEMORY function block is a flip-flopthat can reset or set an output from twoinputs respectively. Each block has twooutputs where one is inverted. The memorysetting controls if the block should be resetor return to the state before theinterruption, after a power interruption.Reset input has priority.

Boolean 16 to Integer conversionB16I

Boolean 16 to integer conversion function(B16I) is used to transform a set of 16 binary(logical) signals into an integer.

Boolean 16 to Integer conversionwith logic node representationB16IFCVI

Boolean 16 to integer conversion with logicnode representation function (B16IFCVI) isused to transform a set of 16 binary (logical)signals into an integer.

Integer to Boolean 16 conversionIB16A

Integer to boolean 16 conversion function(IB16A) is used to transform an integer into aset of 16 binary (logical) signals.

Integer to Boolean 16 conversionwith logic node representationIB16FCVB

Integer to boolean conversion with logicnode representation function (IB16FCVB) isused to transform an integer to 16 binary(logic) signals.

IB16FCVB function can receive remote valuesover IEC61850 depending on the operatorposition input (PSTO).


ABB 27

12. Monitoring

Measurements CVMMXN, CMMXU,VNMMXU, VMMXU, CMSQI, VMSQI

The measurement functions are used to get on-line information from the IED. These servicevalues make it possible to display on-lineinformation on the local HMI and on theSubstation automation system about:

measured voltages, currents, frequency,active, reactive and apparent power andpower factor

primary and secondary phasors current sequence components voltage sequence components

Event counter CNTGGIO

Event counter (CNTGGIO) has six counterswhich are used for storing the number oftimes each counter input has been activated.

Disturbance report DRPRDRE

Complete and reliable information aboutdisturbances in the primary and/or in thesecondary system together with continuousevent-logging is accomplished by thedisturbance report functionality.

Disturbance report DRPRDRE, alwaysincluded in the IED, acquires sampled data ofall selected analog input and binary signalsconnected to the function block that is,maximum 40 analog and 96 binary signals.

The Disturbance report functionality is acommon name for several functions:

Event list Indications Event recorder Trip value recorder Disturbance recorder Fault locator

The Disturbance report function ischaracterized by great flexibility regardingconfiguration, starting conditions, recordingtimes, and large storage capacity.

A disturbance is defined as an activation ofan input to the AxRADR or BxRBDR functionblocks, which are set to trigger thedisturbance recorder. All signals from start ofpre-fault time to the end of post-fault timewill be included in the recording.

Every disturbance report recording is savedin the IED in the standard Comtrade format.The same applies to all events, which arecontinuously saved in a ring-buffer. The localHMI is used to get information about therecordings. The disturbance report files maybe uploaded to PCM600 for further analysisusing the disturbance handling tool.

Event list DRPRDRE

Continuous event-logging is useful formonitoring the system from an overviewperspective and is a complement to specificdisturbance recorder functions.

The event list logs all binary input signalsconnected to the Disturbance report function.The list may contain up to 1000 time-taggedevents stored in a ring-buffer.

Indications DRPRDRE

To get fast, condensed and reliableinformation about disturbances in theprimary and/or in the secondary system it isimportant to know, for example binarysignals that have changed status during adisturbance. This information is used in theshort perspective to get information via thelocal HMI in a straightforward way.

There are three LEDs on the local HMI(green, yellow and red), which will displaystatus information about the IED and theDisturbance report function (trigged).

The Indication list function shows all selectedbinary input signals connected to theDisturbance report function that havechanged status during a disturbance.

Event recorder DRPRDRE

Quick, complete and reliable informationabout disturbances in the primary and/or inthe secondary system is vital, for example,time-tagged events logged during


28 ABB

disturbances. This information is used fordifferent purposes in the short term (forexample corrective actions) and in the longterm (for example functional analysis).

The event recorder logs all selected binaryinput signals connected to the Disturbancereport function. Each recording can containup to 150 time-tagged events.

The event recorder information is availablefor the disturbances locally in the IED.

The event recording information is anintegrated part of the disturbance record(Comtrade file).

Trip value recorder DRPRDRE

Information about the pre-fault and faultvalues for currents and voltages are vital forthe disturbance evaluation.

The Trip value recorder calculates the valuesof all selected analog input signals connectedto the Disturbance report function. The resultis magnitude and phase angle before andduring the fault for each analog input signal.

The trip value recorder information isavailable for the disturbances locally in theIED.

The trip value recorder information is anintegrated part of the disturbance record(Comtrade file).

Disturbance recorder DRPRDRE

The Disturbance recorder function suppliesfast, complete and reliable information aboutdisturbances in the power system. Itfacilitates understanding system behavior andrelated primary and secondary equipmentduring and after a disturbance. Recordedinformation is used for different purposes inthe short perspective (for example correctiveactions) and long perspective (for examplefunctional analysis).

The Disturbance recorder acquires sampleddata from selected analog- and binary signalsconnected to the Disturbance report function(maximum 40 analog and 96 binary signals).The binary signals available are the same asfor the event recorder function.

The function is characterized by greatflexibility and is not dependent on theoperation of protection functions. It canrecord disturbances not detected byprotection functions.

The disturbance recorder information for thelast 100 disturbances are saved in the IEDand the local HMI is used to view the list ofrecordings.

Measured value expander blockMVEXP

The current and voltage measurementsfunctions (CVMMXN, CMMXU, VMMXU andVNMMXU), current and voltage sequencemeasurement functions (CMSQI and VMSQI)and IEC 61850 generic communication I/Ofunctions (MVGGIO) are provided withmeasurement supervision functionality. Allmeasured values can be supervised with foursettable limits: low-low limit, low limit, highlimit and high-high limit. The measure valueexpander block has been introduced toenable translating the integer output signalfrom the measuring functions to 5 binarysignals: below low-low limit, below low limit,normal, above high-high limit or above highlimit. The output signals can be used asconditions in the configurable logic or foralarming purpose.

Fault locator LMBRFLO

The accurate fault locator is an essentialcomponent to minimize the outages after apersistent fault and/or to pin-point a weakspot on the line.

The fault locator is an impedance measuringfunction giving the distance to the fault inpercent, km or miles. The main advantage isthe high accuracy achieved by compensatingfor load current.

The compensation includes setting of theremote and local sources and calculation ofthe distribution of fault currents from eachside. This distribution of fault current,together with recorded load (pre-fault)currents, is used to exactly calculate the faultposition. The fault can be recalculated with


ABB 29

new source data at the actual fault to furtherincrease the accuracy.

Especially on heavily loaded long lines(where the fault locator is most important)where the source voltage angles can be up to35-40 degrees apart the accuracy can be stillmaintained with the advanced compensationincluded in fault locator.

Station battery supervisionSPVNZBAT

The station battery supervision functionSPVNZBAT is used for monitoring batteryterminal voltage.

SPVNZBAT activates the start and alarmoutputs when the battery terminal voltageexceeds the set upper limit or drops belowthe set lower limit. A time delay for theovervoltage and undervoltage alarms can beset according to definite time characteristics.

In the definite time (DT) mode, SPVNZBAToperates after a predefined operate time andresets when the battery undervoltage orovervoltage condition disappears.

Insulation gas monitoring functionSSIMG

Insulation gas monitoring function (SSIMG) isused for monitoring the circuit breakercondition. Binary information based on thegas pressure in the circuit breaker is used asinput signals to the function. In addition, thefunction generates alarms based on receivedinformation.

Insulation liquid monitoringfunction SSIML

Insulation liquid monitoring function (SSIML)is used for monitoring the circuit breakercondition. Binary information based on theoil level in the circuit breaker is used as inputsignals to the function. In addition, thefunction generates alarms based on receivedinformation.

Circuit breaker monitoring SSCBR

The circuit breaker condition monitoringfunction SSCBR is used to monitor different

parameters of the circuit breaker. Thebreaker requires maintenance when thenumber of operations has reached apredefined value. The energy is calculatedfrom the measured input currents as a sum of

Iyt values. Alarms are generated when thecalculated values exceed the thresholdsettings.

The function contains a blockingfunctionality. It is possible to block thefunction outputs, if desired.

13. Metering

Pulse counter logic PCGGIO

Pulse counter (PCGGIO) function countsexternally generated binary pulses, forinstance pulses coming from an externalenergy meter, for calculation of energyconsumption values. The pulses are capturedby the BIO (binary input/output) moduleand then read by the PCGGIO function. Ascaled service value is available over thestation bus.

Function for energy calculation anddemand handling ETPMMTR

Outputs from the Measurements (CVMMXN)function can be used to calculate energyconsumption. Active as well as reactivevalues are calculated in import and exportdirection. Values can be read or generated aspulses. Maximum demand power values arealso calculated by the function.


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14. Human Machineinterface

Local HMI

GUID-23A12958-F9A5-4BF1-A31B-F69F56A046C7 V2 EN

Figure 6. Local human-machine interface

The LHMI of the IED contains the followingelements:

Display (LCD) Buttons LED indicators Communication port

The LHMI is used for setting, monitoring andcontrolling .

The Local human machine interface, LHMIincludes a graphical monochrome LCD with aresolution of 320x240 pixels. The charactersize may vary depending on selectedlanguage. The amount of characters and rowsfitting the view depends on the character sizeand the view that is shown.

The LHMI can be detached from the mainunit. The detached LHMI can be wallmounted up to a distance of five meters fromthe main unit. The units are connected withthe Ethernet cable included in the delivery.

The LHMI is simple and easy to understand.The whole front plate is divided into zones,each with a well-defined functionality:

Status indication LEDs Alarm indication LEDs which can

indicate three states with the colorsgreen, yellow and red, with userprintable label. All LEDs are configurablefrom the PCM600 tool

Liquid crystal display (LCD) Keypad with push buttons for control

and navigation purposes, switch forselection between local and remotecontrol and reset

Five user programmable function buttons An isolated RJ45 communication port for

PCM600

15. Basic IED functions

Self supervision with internal eventlist

The Self supervision with internal event list(INTERRSIG and SELFSUPEVLST) functionreacts to internal system events generated bythe different built-in self-supervisionelements. The internal events are saved in aninternal event list.

Time synchronization

Use time synchronization to achieve acommon time base for the IEDs in aprotection and control system. This makescomparison of events and disturbance databetween all IEDs in the system possible.

Time-tagging of internal events anddisturbances are an excellent help whenevaluating faults. Without timesynchronization, only the events within theIED can be compared to one another. Withtime synchronization, events anddisturbances within the entire station, andeven between line ends, can be compared atevaluation.

In the IED, the internal time can besynchronized from a number of sources:


ABB 31

SNTP IRIG-B DNP IEC60870-5-103

Parameter setting groups ACTVGRP

Use the four sets of settings to optimize theIED operation for different system conditions.Creating and switching between fine-tunedsetting sets, either from the local HMI orconfigurable binary inputs, results in a highlyadaptable IED that can cope with a variety ofsystem scenarios.

Test mode functionality TESTMODE

The protection and control IEDs have manyincluded functions. To make the testingprocedure easier, the IEDs include the featurethat allows individual blocking of a single-,several-, or all functions.

There are two ways of entering the test mode:

By configuration, activating an inputsignal of the function block TESTMODE

By setting the IED in test mode in thelocal HMI

While the IED is in test mode, all functionsare blocked.

Any function can be unblocked individuallyregarding functionality and event signaling.This enables the user to follow the operationof one or several related functions to checkfunctionality and to check parts of theconfiguration, and so on.

Change lock function CHNGLCK

Change lock function (CHNGLCK) is used toblock further changes to the IEDconfiguration and settings once thecommissioning is complete. The purpose is toblock inadvertent IED configuration changesbeyond a certain point in time.

Authority status ATHSTAT

Authority status (ATHSTAT) function is anindication function block for user log-onactivity.

Authority check ATHCHCK

To safeguard the interests of our customers,both the IED and the tools that are accessingthe IED are protected, by means ofauthorization handling. The authorizationhandling of the IED and the PCM600 isimplemented at both access points to the IED:

local, through the local HMI remote, through the communication ports

16. Stationcommunication

IEC 61850-8-1 communicationprotocol

The IED supports the communicationprotocols IEC 61850-8-1 and DNP3 over TCP/IP. All operational information and controlsare available through these protocols.However, some communication functionality,for example, horizontal communication(GOOSE) between the IEDs, is only enabledby the IEC 61850-8-1 communication protocol.

The IED is equipped with an optical Ethernetrear port for the substation communicationstandard IEC 61850-8-1. IEC 61850-8-1protocol allows intelligent electrical devices(IEDs) from different vendors to exchangeinformation and simplifies systemengineering. Peer-to-peer communicationaccording to GOOSE is part of the standard.Disturbance files uploading is provided.

Disturbance files are accessed using the IEC61850-8-1 protocol. Disturbance files areavailable to any Ethernet based applicationvia FTP in the standard Comtrade format.Further, the IED can send and receive binaryvalues, double point values and measuredvalues (for example from MMXU functions),together with their quality, using the IEC61850-8-1 GOOSE profile. The IED meets theGOOSE performance requirements for


32 ABB

tripping applications in substations, asdefined by the IEC 61850 standard. The IEDinteroperates with other IEC 61850-compliantIEDs, tools, and systems and simultaneouslyreports events to five different clients on theIEC 61850 station bus.

The event system has a rate limiter to reduceCPU load. The event channel has a quota of10 events/second. If the quota is exceededthe event channel transmission is blockeduntil the event changes is below the quota,no event is lost.

All communication connectors, except for thefront port connector, are placed on integratedcommunication modules. The IED isconnected to Ethernet-based communicationsystems via the fibre-optic multimode LCconnector (100BASE-FX).

The IED supports SNTP and IRIG-B timesynchronization methods with a time-stamping resolution of 1 ms.

Ethernet based: SNTP and DNP3 With time synchronization wiring: IRIG-B

The IED supports IEC 60870-5-103 timesynchronization methods with a timestamping resolution of 5 ms.

Table 1. Supported communicationinterface and protocol alternatives

Interfaces/Protocols

Ethernet100BASE-

FX LC

STconnector

IEC61850-8-1

DNP3

IEC60870-5-103

= Supported

Horizontal communication viaGOOSE for interlocking

GOOSE communication can be used forexchanging information between IEDs via theIEC 61850-8-1 station communication bus.

This is typically used for sending apparatusposition indications for interlocking orreservation signals for 1-of-n control. GOOSEcan also be used to exchange any boolean,integer, double point and analog measuredvalues between IEDs.

DNP3 protocol

DNP3 (Distributed Network Protocol) is a setof communications protocols used tocommunicate data between components inprocess automation systems. For a detaileddescription of the DNP3 protocol, see theDNP3 Communication protocol manual.

IEC 60870-5-103 communicationprotocol

IEC 60870-5-103 is an unbalanced (master-slave) protocol for coded-bit serialcommunication exchanging information witha control system, and with a data transfer rateup to 38400 bit/s. In IEC terminology, aprimary station is a master and a secondarystation is a slave. The communication isbased on a point-to-point principle. Themaster must have software that can interpretIEC 60870-5-103 communication messages.

17. Hardware description

Layout and dimensions

Mounting alternatives

The following mounting alternatives areavailable (IP40 protection from the front):

19 rack mounting kit Wall mounting kit Flush mounting kit 19" dual rack mounting kit

See ordering for details about availablemounting alternatives.


ABB 33

Flush mounting the IED

H

I

K

J

C

F

G

B

A

ED

IEC09000672.ai

IEC09000672 V1 EN

Figure 7. Flush mounting the IED into a panelcut-out

A 240 mm G 21.55 mm

B 21.55 mm H 220 mm

C 227 mm I 265.9 mm

D 228.9 mm J 300 mm

E 272 mm K 254 mm

F 6 mm

A

B

C

IEC09000673.ai

IEC09000673 V1 EN

Figure 8. Flush mounted IED

A 222 mm

B 27 mm

C 13 mm

Rack mounting the IED

A C

B

E

D

IEC09000676.ai

IEC09000676 V1 EN

Figure 9. Rack mounted IED

A 224 mm + 12 mm with ring-lug connector

B 25.5 mm

C 482.6 mm (19")

D 265.9 mm (6U)

E 13 mm

A

BC

E

D

IEC09000677.ai

IEC09000677 V1 EN

Figure 10. Two rack mounted IEDs side by side

A 224 mm + 12 mm with ring-lug connector

B 25.5 mm

C 482.6 mm (19")

D 13 mm

E 265.9 mm (6U)


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Wall mounting the IED

C

F

G

B

A

ED

IEC09000678.ai

IEC09000678 V1 EN

Figure 11. Wall mounting the IED

A 270 mm E 190.5 mm

B 252.5 mm F 296 mm

C 6.8 mm G 13 mm

D 268.9 mm

GUID-5C185EAC-13D0-40BD-8511-58CA53EFF7DE V1 EN

Figure 12. Main unit and detached LHMIdisplay

A 25.5 mm E 258.6 mm

B 220 mm F 265.9 mm

C 13 mm G 224 mm

D 265.9 mm


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18. Connection diagrams

1MRK006501-HB 2 PG 1.1 IEC V1 EN

Figure 13. Designation for 6U, 1/2x19" casingwith 1 TRM

Module Slot Rear Position

COM pCOM X0, X1, X4, X9,X304

PSM pPSM X307, X309, X410

TRM p2 X101, X102

BIO p3 X321, X324

BIO p4 X326, X329

BIO p5 X331, X334

BIO p6 X336, X339


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Connection diagrams for REL650 A01


Figure 14. Communication module (COM)


Figure 15. Power supply module (PSM)48-125V DC


Figure 16. Power supply module (PSM),110-250V DC


Figure 17. Transformer module (TRM)


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Figure 18. Binary input/output (BIO) option(Terminal X321, X324)




1MRK006501-TB 3 PG 1.1 IEC V1 EN





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1MRK006501-KB 3 PG 1.1 IEC V1 EN









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19. Technical data

General

Definitions

Referencevalue

The specified value of an influencing factor to which are referred thecharacteristics of the equipment

Nominalrange

The range of values of an influencing quantity (factor) within which, underspecified conditions, the equipment meets the specified requirements

Operativerange

The range of values of a given energizing quantity for which the equipment,under specified conditions, is able to perform its intended functionsaccording to the specified requirements

Energizing quantities, rated valuesand limits


42 ABB

Analog inputs

Table 2. Energizing inputs

Description Value

Rated frequency 50/60 Hz

Operating range Rated frequency 5 Hz

Current inputs Rated current, In 0.1/0.5 A1) 1/5 A2)

Thermal withstandcapability:

Continuously 4 A 20 A

For 1 s 100 A 500 A

For 10 s 20 A 100 A

Dynamic currentwithstand:

Half-wave value 250 A 1250 A

Input impedance

Auxiliary DC voltage

Table 3. Power supply

Description Type 1 Type 2

Uauxnominal 100, 110, 120, 220, 240 VAC, 50 and 60 Hz

48, 60, 110, 125 V DC

110, 125, 220, 250 V DC

Uauxvariation 85...110% of Un (85...264 V

AC)

80...120% of Un (38.4...150 V

DC)

80...120% of Un (88...300 V

DC)

Maximum load of auxiliaryvoltage supply

35 W

Ripple in the DC auxiliaryvoltage

Max 15% of the DC value (at frequency of 100 Hz)

Maximum interruption time inthe auxiliary DC voltagewithout resetting the IED

50 ms at Uaux

Binary inputs and outputs

Table 4. Binary inputs

Description Value

Operating range Maximum input voltage 300 V DC

Rated voltage 24...250 V DC

Current drain 1.6...1.8 mA

Power consumption/input

Table 5. Signal output and IRF output

IRF relay change over - type signal output relay

Description Value

Rated voltage 250 V AC/DC

Continuous contact carry 5 A

Make and carry for 3.0 s 10 A

Make and carry 0.5 s 30 A

Breaking capacity when the control-circuittime constant L/R

Table 8. Ethernet interfaces

Ethernet interface Protocol Cable Data transfer rate

LAN/HMI port (X0)1) - CAT 6 S/FTP or better 100 MBits/s

LAN1 (X1) TCP/IP protocol Fibre-optic cablewith LC connector

100 MBits/s

1) Only available for the external HMI option.

Table 9. Fibre-optic communication link

Wave length Fibre type Connector Permitted path

attenuation1)Distance

1300 nm MM 62.5/125m glassfibre core

LC

Table 14. Environmental conditions

Description Value

Operating temperature range -25...+55C (continuous)

Short-time service temperature range -40...+70C (

Type tests according to standards

Table 16. Electromagnetic compatibility tests

Description Type test value Reference

100 kHz and 1 MHz burstdisturbance test

IEC 61000-4-18IEC 60255-22-1, level 3

Common mode 2.5 kV

Differential mode 1.0 kV

Electrostatic discharge test IEC 61000-4-2IEC 60255-22-2, level 4

Contact discharge 8 kV

Air discharge 15 kV

Radio frequency interferencetests

Conducted, common mode 10 V (emf), f=150 kHz...80MHz

IEC 61000-4-6IEC 60255-22-6, level 3

Radiated, amplitude-modulated

20 V/m (rms), f=80...1000MHz and f=1.4...2.7 GHz

IEC 61000-4-3IEC 60255-22-3, level 3

Fast transient disturbancetests

IEC 61000-4-4IEC 60255-22-4, class A

Communication ports 2 kV

Other ports 4 kV

Surge immunity test IEC 61000-4-5IEC 60255-22-5, level 3/2

Communication 1 kV line-to-earth

Other ports 2 kV line-to-earth, 1 kV line-to-line

Power frequency (50 Hz)magnetic field

IEC 61000-4-8, level 5

3 s 1000 A/m

Continuous 100 A/m


48 ABB

Table 16. Electromagnetic compatibility tests, continued


Power frequency immunitytest

Common mode

Differential mode

300 V rms 150 V rms

IEC 60255-22-7, class AIEC 61000-4-16

Voltage dips and shortinterruptions

Dips:40%/200 ms70%/500 msInterruptions:0-50 ms: No restart0... s : Correct behaviour atpower down

IEC 60255-11IEC 61000-4-11

Electromagnetic emissiontests

EN 55011, class AIEC 60255-25

Conducted, RF-emission(mains terminal)

0.15...0.50 MHz < 79 dB(V) quasi peak< 66 dB(V) average

0.5...30 MHz < 73 dB(V) quasi peak< 60 dB(V) average

Radiated RF-emission

30...230 MHz < 40 dB(V/m) quasi peak,measured at 10 m distance

230...1000 MHz < 47 dB(V/m) quasi peak,measured at 10 m distance


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Table 17. Insulation tests


Dielectric tests: IEC 60255-5

Test voltage 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min1 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min,communication

Impulse voltage test: IEC 60255-5

Test voltage 5 kV, unipolar impulses,waveform 1.2/50 s, sourceenergy 0.5 J1 kV, unipolar impulses,waveform 1.2/50 s, sourceenergy 0.5 J, communication

Insulation resistancemeasurements

IEC 60255-5

Isolation resistance >100 M, 500 V DC

Protective bonding resistance IEC 60255-27

Resistance

EMC compliance

Table 20. EMC compliance

Description Reference

EMC directive 2004/108/EC

Standard EN 50263 (2000)EN 60255-26 (2007)


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Impedance protection

Table 21. Distance measuring zone, Quad ZQDPDIS

Function Range or value Accuracy

Number of zones 5 with selectabledirection

-

Minimum operateresidual current

(5-30)% of IBase 1,0 % of I r

Minimum operate current,phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth

(10-30)% of IBase 1,0 % of I r

Positive sequenceimpedance reach forzones

0.005 - 3000.000 5.0% static accuracy 2.0 degrees static angular accuracyConditions:Voltage range: (0.1-1.1) x UrCurrent range: (0.5-30) x IrAngle: at 0 degrees and 85 degrees

Fault resistance, phase-to-earth

(1.00-9000.00) /loop

Fault resistance, phase-to-phase

(1.00-3000.00) /loop

Line angle for zones (0 - 180) degrees

Magnitude of earth returncompensation factor KNfor zones

0.00 - 3.00 -

Angle for earth returncompensation factor KNfor zones

(-180 - 180)degrees

-

Dynamic overreach

Table 22. Phase selection with load encroachment, quadrilateral characteristicFDPSPDIS


Minimum operate current (5-500)% of IBase 1.0% of Ir

Reactive reach, positivesequence

(0.503000.00) 2.0% static accuracyConditions:Voltage range: (0.1-1.1) x UrCurrent range: (0.5-30) x IrAngle: at 0 degrees and 85 degrees

Reactive reach, zerosequence, forward andreverse

(0.50 - 3000.00)

Fault resistance, phase-to-earth faults, forward andreverse

(1.009000.00) /loop

Fault resistance, phase-to-phase faults, forward andreverse

(0.503000.00) /loop

Load encroachmentcriteria:Load resistance, forwardand reverseSafety load impedanceangle

(1.003000.00) /phase(5-70) degrees


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Table 23. Full-scheme distance protection, Mho characteristic ZMOPDIS


Number of zones withselectable directions

5 with selectabledirection

-

Minimum operate current,phase-to-earth

(1030)% of IBase 2.0% of Ir

Minimum operate current,phase-to-phase

(10-30)% of IBase -13% of set value 2.0% of Ir

Positive sequenceimpedance

(0.0053000.000) W/phase

2.0% static accuracyConditions:Voltage range: (0.1-1.1) x UrCurrent range: (0.5-30) x IrAngle: at 0 degrees and 85 degrees

Reverse positive sequenceimpedance

(0.0053000.000) /phase

Impedance reach forphase-to-phase elements

(0.0053000.000) /phase

Angle for positivesequence impedance,phase-to-phase elements

(1090) degrees

Reverse reach of phase-to-phase loop

(0.0053000.000) /phase

Magnitude of earth returncompensation factor KN

(0.003.00)

Angle for earthcompensation factor KN

(-180180) degrees

Dynamic overreach

Table 25. Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ


Operate value, phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral undervoltage

(10.0 - 100.0)% of UBase 0,5% of Ur

Reset ratio, undervoltage < 105% -

Operate value, residualvoltage

(5.0 - 300.0)% of UBase 0,5% of Ur

Reset ratio, residualvoltage

> 95% -

Operate value, residualcurrent

(10 - 200)% of IBase 1,0% of Ir for I < Ir 1,0% of I for I > Ir

Reset ratio, residualcurrent

> 95% -

Timers (0.000 - 60.000) s 0,5% 10 ms

Operating mode No Filter, NoPrefCyclic: 1231c, 1321cAcyclic: 123a, 132a, 213a,231a, 312a, 321a

Table 26. Power swing detection ZMRPSB


Reactive reach (0.10-3000.00) W

2.0% static accuracyConditions:Voltage range: (0.1-1.1) x UrCurrent range: (0.5-30) x IrAngle: at 0 degrees and 85 degreesResistive reach (0.101000.00)W

Timers (0.000-60.000) s 0.5% 25 ms

Minimum operate current (5-30) of IBase 1% of Ir


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Table 27. Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current based ZCVPSOF

Parameter Range orvalue

Accuracy

Operate voltage, detection of dead line (1100)% ofUBase

0.5% of Ur

Reset ratio, operate vol

1MRK506328-BEN - En Product Guide Line Distance Protection REL650 IEC

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