课程1：mine environmental protection.ppt

7/21/2019 1 mine environmental protection.ppt

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矿山自然生态环境的保护与The natural ecologica

environmental protectionmanagement of mine



录前 foreword

１矿山自然生态环境的保护与治理

the natural ecological environment protection and manmines

2. 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"the natural ecological environment protection and man

project

4.矿山自然生态环境保护与治理#$%&的'(recovery scheme of the natural ecological enviro

protection and management

３ .矿山环境)*+,The effect evaluation of mine environment



矿-./012./的3456789矿:01;<=的

:9矿山自然生态环境的保护与治理012@治A生态BC的3“ ”生态GHIJG9生态KHIJKF 矿-./LMN用OPQJUV的WX9YP自然生态环境Z6[\]A)*9^_`NZ矿山d环<=9efg4hi!"jkFMineral resources is a very important part of lresources. Mining as one basic industry for national Hence, natural ecological environment of mines aimportant content of land renovation and envi

construction. Like people said ” good ecological lead tblossom, bad ecological lead civilization down”resources development and its utilization macontribution for human civilization while made destrucinuences for natural ecological environment as wel

how to avoid disadvantages and create mines cycle



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矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"0矿山自然生态环境保“ ”mn 90矿-./!"的opqp!"90r级stu矿山环境Uv保护ABC的ow34xyFz{|理}'(矿山

境保护与治理!"9hi矿山生态环境保护ABC0~U生的g490•€‚ƒM„…†的g4F

Mine natural ecological environment protecmanagement as the leading pro!ect of mine

ecological protection and signi"cant measure of egovernment for processing environment protemanagement. #o that, more scienti"c protecconstruction are re$uired for promoting civilizatimplementing sustainable strategy.



mine environmendisaster

(1)采矿占用和破坏了大量土地。Mining activities occupied

numerous land resources.

(2)采矿诱发地质灾害。Mining caused geological disaste

(3)产生各种水环境问。 It produce all kinds of environm

issues.

(4)产生大量!"#!$#!水。

It produced amount of wasslag and water

(5)水土%&'土地()。Water and Soil erosion, land

desertication

(6)*+灾害。Other disasters ‡西



山环 -

bout mine environmmanagement

1#01!23456)7

solid waste rec!cl

A. 8矿 tailings

B. !9 "arren rock

2#土地:;

land reclamation

3#矿山!水4<害)harmless mine waste

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1= 1#矿山>?生@环境ABC,

1=

2#C矿山>?生@环境DE4FG-Hseveral concepts with mine natural ecolo

environmentIIIIIIIIIII

1#7矿山>?生@环境4ABC,-

The natural ecological environmprotection and management of m

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1 #矿山>?生@环境ABC,-4JK

矿山自然生态环境0@w环境ˆ‰的345678Fhi

态环境的保护与治理90ŠU./|理LMN用A生态保护‹Œ9Y0生态BC的34DE9012./7‘O12./’理ƒM„的ow34–€。

%he meaning of environment prote

management, it is a very important part in environment system so that strengthening

and management has become necessarily for resources reasonable utilization and eprotection, as well as ecological construction ,its also as a important measure of land and department for realize sustainable developme

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矿山自然生态环境保护与治理—O˜™šNO›

oŸfšo¡¢£9¤¥¦§¨Of保护©保护š理ªf«©«的¬®š¬¯°9Ž±²³´‰的

“ ”12./ ·o‰ 理®9O矿山自然生态环境保护与B¶¹的º(9»¼¹的½¯9¾@w12./’理¹的ÀÁšÂM¹的ÃÄFMine natural ecological environment protmanagement need to insist sustainable de,couldnt stay in old concepts then set concept. 'inally create new mechanism andways in order to create new situation andenergy for entire land and resources managem



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ÅÆ9矿山自然生态环境保护与治理工lŽ±Çz{M„ÈVÉÊ®šÉÊË½šÉÊÌ¦šÉÊlÍ9O生态#$š9Ð%Ñ}L„矿山自然生态环境保护与治理工l9ÒÄÓÔM„<=Õ3š@治环境与Ö„×ØÕÙšÚÃÛÜ与ÝZÞ

ÁL¿矿山自然生态环境保护与治理工l¹ÀÁ9àáÈ保护M„ÝZ·的×ØFHence, mine natural ecological environment promanagement must according to scienti"c dperspective, further e(change perspective, mind, f

style. )nder the recondition of ecological recoprotection for omni*bearing development, strive to kbetween protection and develop economy, manage(pend space, vitalize reserves and build increaswholly create a new situation for mine natura

environment protection and management, activelymore s aces for rotectin ecolo and



#ã #š矿山自然生态环境保护理+.+. 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理的34äå

the meaning of mine natural ecological enviroprotection and management

-æçèé9êëÐìí的QîÞïš./ðñš环境òó

QR<öu´‰M„÷ø的ùúûË9Lüý<=þÿ与Qî‹Œ的‚ƒM„道½F我1亦将‚ƒM„lÈ>本1策F incentury, with the global population increased ,s

resources, environment pollution and ecology deterideepen thinking about traditional developing mode peto e(plore sustainable ways that coordinate amonsociety, resources and environment. /n our country, wsustainable development as fundamental policy.



矿山生态环境lÈ@w环境ˆ‰的ow789或·环境ˆ‰M挥ë自身的l用A)*9ÕU)*ë„…†的•程度FÅ9我们从宏的角度Ç

山自然生态环境保护与治理具有十83·ù远的 Mine ecological environment as a part of t

environment system, it more or lessinuence to the environment system andinuence the realized e(tent of sudevelopment strategy, thereforemacroscopic view, we realized that mineecological environment protectionmanagement have a very signi"cant mean

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（ + ）0~U生态IJBC的g “ ”生态GHIJG9生态KHIJK F~U生态B保护AM„生-Ä的客g49有N于h快@<=:布À9减少环境òóA生态\]9好}È生-Ä!"~U生态BC90þÿIJUV的34#$9有Q们生-%øš生Ã%øš%&®的ÉÊ9Þi生识9·ÄM„生态Iõ"~U生态BC9Y有N于B

)的Q*环境9生-+Ð,的-.-/9•自然ƒN用9从有012Q;34的生Ã5ÜFlÈ生3466789矿山自然生态环境的保护与治理u@‰的生态BCAIJ~UM挥ë十834的l用F

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# It is the desire for promoting ecologica



#.It is the desire for promoting ecologicaconstruction

good ecological lead to civilization blossom, worse ecocivilization down, so that promoting ecological civilized cothe need for protection and developing productivity, to th

ad!ust economy and optimize industry distributioenvironment pollution and ecology break in order productivities for development. /n other side, it is the sigcivilization improvement which good for people cproducing methods, life style, e(pense perspective, stperspective about ecological environment protect

developing ecological civilization. /t is also good for comfortable living environment, produce safety green prodnatural resources sustainable utilization then e0cient imstandard. %o be brief, the protection and management oenvironment as a signi"cant part for entire ecological systa very important role for promoting civilized construction.



（）0•€‚ƒM„…†的g4 生态环境0<=þÿM„的>?9™<=þÿ的M„97ÐÁM„9×Ø°的ŒM„9XØ°的‚ƒM„F^9¥从:的<=Þï%ø9高ÞïŽ然ÿST./%<Aòó=>?@Ü

B3的环境CD9ÕU(E<=þÿ的‚ƒM„F %.It is the desire for promoting sustainable deve

1cological environment is the foundation of econodevelopment, the modern society development shoucomprehensive development and harmonious deve

space, sustainable development of time. /f we donteconomic growth mode radically, the high growth wresources consume and pollutant emissions increasingserious environmental problems and limited development for economic society.

‡西

~U矿山生态环境BC »zFGkHš生态保护Hšd环<=H的



~U矿山生态环境BC9»zFGkHš生态保护Hšd环<=H的„I½9¥J有N于ŠU矿-./的¢ƒN用9•=5š¦ÜšKLd环N用91Ê;前矿-./保P度Qš环境EÜ小u<=M„的(E从:本°@|A3¹RS有T的矿-./9优õ矿-./布À9h|U69¥VÎW-:NOA<=5Ü9从•矿:的‚ƒM„F

2romoting mine ecological environment construction walkeconomic development way of #cience and technology secological protection, cycling economy. 3ot only to bepromoting mineral resources sustainable utilization, realized

energy, information in multi*level classi"cation cycling andlimitation of low mineral resources commitment and small

capacity presently. 4ut also, more important radically integmineral resources and optimize mineral resources reasonable ad!ust mining structure, keeping improve industeconomy $uantity further realize mining sustainable develop

（ 5 ）0ÐÁBCX™þÿ的g



（ 5 ）0ÐÁBCX™þÿ的g ÐÁBCX™ “þÿ的ow34;#9f0 ‚ƒM„¦Ä¥V

环境YÔ129./N用0Z[\Î高9ŠUQ与自然的A]9~”°生-M„š生Ã_`š生态a好的IJM„道½ F

&. It is the desire for comprehensive modern societ!

'or comprehensive construct modern societyinsist sustainable development ,change environment ,e6ectively utilize resourcesharmony of human and nature in order to prentire society go to the way of wealthy ecological civilization development .



ã ã šÛO的b4CD

main problems of mine na

ecological environment prot

（c）dòóCDFWater pollution

（e）×fòóCDF ir pollution（g）2}\]h自然生态环境ijCDF 'and destruction and natural ecolog

environment damage

‡西



~U矿山生态BC9k0O矿-./’理“”ld生态ˆ‰工程{%nAÇ¢ƒN用的矿-./A矿山生态kp'好的qrstPQ;349pu山-d¨P¯v

%he pivotal of promote mine ecological conneed to abide by ecological principle, engineering method, sustainable mineral resoumine ecological environment. 7ive the harm

homeland to citizen, leave green environmentdescendants.

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+ + 5 矿山自然生态环境保



+ã +ã 5 矿山自然生态环境保ÛO的b4CD

矿-./0j<}56矿l用9¾xyO}Ï或8布于}的或有用z{的|Ü}Ô具有工:N用~•的矿-FÐì€M+8-- M9‚¸ƒ工:N用的E +9++ F我1€ýJ„L…~•的矿-./R有 +89 98布OÐ1 --- Mw

.

mineral resources means mineralization has underlying minerals and distributed useful elemeindustrial utilization value which mineral elements a certain degree. %here are +8-- minerals has bover the world among +9++ minerals can use for %here are +89 mineral resources which been prosp

have mining value in :hina, distributing in nearly ‡西



矿-./的5ÜšL…ˆ‰h}理ÑSŠ‹)*‚N用~•9矿”5|Œ)*}Ž<=的M„%与工:布ÀU6ŒF矿-A工:~•与生-ÄM„dAF‘š<=ˆ‰有’“”ˆFêš…矿Ah工F‘的UV9u矿-./N用的‡度Aù度ÿ¥V

%he $uantities, mining conditions and geographdirectly inuence utilized value of mineral resources.characteristics inuence region economic develo

industrial distributed structure. Mineral resources utila very close relationships with industrial value, p

development, techni$ues and economy. ;ith the impgeological prospecting ,mining processing technologymineral resources utilization would be deepen anconstantly.

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+ +



+ã +ã ÛO的b4CD

然9Oo—矿-./的L…Ah工ö程¸9QR˜˜™š[态环境的保护与治理9OÀ7}ŽZ6[›œB3的·fšd/A

][žŸA自然9¡M[¢£š¤¢š¥¦§ªO生}5¨b©Aª-Z6[›œB3的«bAj¬Fe—¥|理的矿-./L6的Ž”生态环境CDb4有ÇÏw%ÁF

3evertheless, people always ignored mining ecological protection and management in mining or processing

serious pollution of atmosphere, water and land alsovegetation and natural landscape result in #econdarhazards, such as subsidence, collapse, debris (ow wserious damage and loss to peoples life and propeunreasonable mineral e(ploitation give rise to regionenvironment problems focus on three aspects, as follow



L１M水NO问P ®于…矿š¯矿Ã^¾}°d或}Ïd|±íš|3金²A有³z

òó的>d´µ矿山òdF¶«h矿Ž·¸¹道š29º»\]@wÃ用dA工¼:用dF˜有³z{š3金²½¾¿=ÀX9ÿPQR生

B3«bASTÃO的ÄÅF #.water pollution

4ecause of those mining and ore dressing activities cauwater and underground water shown acidity and contained hand to(ic elements. %his discharge of polluted water couthose surrounding watercourse or land even damage the w

system, a6ect the domestic water and industrial and agricul;hen to(ic elements or heavy metals intrude into food chaiserious damage and underlying threat for human survive and

d ò ó



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ÆÇÈÉ¹ÊËÌ¦½Í

d ò ó



d ò ó

15 4 23Î Î

Q N O 4 R %

LSMT"NO问 i ll



LSMT"NO问 air pollu

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ÏÐ…矿h}ÏL…工l的ÑÒšÓ\Çh矿¦šÔ¦

ö程¸-生的ÙÚšÔ¦Û（ŒÜ0ËÌ¦）的ÝõA自然Ü有bf89Ô¦Íõß6的àá=5AÙÚ9Çhâ矿ªå与·Íl用Ïÿ-生矿Úæª9e—çÿZ6À7环境的

4ecause of drill and dynamite activities under =penmining and underground mining, others like o(idizeand hillock which produces in transport process, a number of natural released harmful gas, ;aste rockweathering formation of "ne grained material and dtailings, mine dust storms were caused by dry weatwind. ll those reasons should cause regional enviro

atmosphere pollution.



× f ò ó

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1è矿山

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× f ò ó

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（）境i



（ 5 ）2}\]h自然生态环境ij 矿山L…9ŒÜ0ÏÐL…Z6[·Áà的2}\]9Ô³=½é[}°¢£X有M生9从kê2AëìžŸŸ\]9d2§¬hA9自ª生态环境CDFÅÆ9íä2}$î9#$žŸ9ï治d2§¬912

ðQu2}./的%<90矿山自然生态环境保护与治理¸的owñ¼C &.'and destruction and natural ecological environment d

mining, especially open*cast mining result in somelike land destruction, wasted material occupation asubsidence, thereby cause ecological problems incand vegetation been destroyed, intensi"ed soil and natural landscape damage. Hence, take concentrat

reclamation, recovery vegetation, defense land and change ecological environment and decrease landconsume.

‡西



2}\]h自然生态环境i

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U777V



2}\]h自然生态环境i

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Z777777[

+š š与矿山自然生态环境‹ò的ó



生态<=

)cologicaleconom!

-. !"#

*reen*+

d环<=

-!clingeconom!

+ 与矿山自然生态环境‹ò的óelevant theories of mine natecological environment

+ + 生态<= ecologi



+ã ã + 生态<= ecologi

econom! 生态<=90p<=M„A生态环境保护hBC有º

T9¾õö÷‹ŠU的<=Ã^ßøF生态<=0生-„与./环境EÜ有T的øù×^的Ž然-=90•„的具8ßøF

1cological is an economic activity whiccombined economic development and e

environment protection in order to mutual promis the inevitable product of productivities codevelopment and limited activity for resouenvironment capacity, it is also speci"c sustainable development .

‡西

生态<=i生态.本O<=BC¸的ú¾0û 生态



生态<=i生态.本O<=BC¸的ú¾0û9生态<=Ã^的Ö89ý0生-4{9BCA保护生态环境生-ÄF生态<=i生态BCA生态N用Õ39ON境保护9Ä<=þÿM„与生态BCA保护OM„

þF 1cological economy emphasize ecological ass

invested bene"t in economic construction. environment either carrier for economic acproduce elements, construction and protect environment also means development prod1cological economy emphasize keep balaecological construction and utilization whilenvironment protection.

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+ š-. 7>2



+ã ã -. 7>2 -. 7>290j用ÇþÜr1ÿ除自然.-j¬w¹¿Z的

ª_的@Ü核算j#F简单}讲9f0从v‰计的7>2¸9境òóš自然./退õš教育落wšQî数Ü¬控š’理¥2ª的<=j¬6本9从Y¼o•的1;ª_@•F

7reen 7>2 refer to measure countries total calculaticreate national wealth after deduct natural capital lobrief, it means in the present method of statistic

economy cost loss which caused by environment

natural resources degeneration, lag behind education, out of control and poor management, conse$uently g7>2.

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-. 7>20oÐ¹的核算8ˆ9®于¶|理}ÿ除[•本9有0ï止[./LMN用ö程¸的浪&AQ0ZÇhuà的jb9从Ç从D7œo•}û映QRþÿM„的5

Õ6È•‚ƒM„的34<=核算j#F 7reen 7>2 is a newly calculate system due to it r

deducted real e(ternalized cost, e0ciently defenlow e0cient and increasingly accumulated damaenvironment on resources e(ploitation and

process, then it could internal react the $uantity society development in order to become the calculation indicator for realize sustainable develop

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QR<=的M„šþÿ的UV9¥J依赖 7>2的Þï9还依

环境A]‰o度的Î高F-. 7>2¥J¦û映<=Þïd8<=Þï与自然环境保护A]‰o的程度9Ç很好}°

‚ƒM„的Ë想A4F-. 7>2 é 7>2的›3越高9°=Þï的kÁ07越高9负Á07越QF

%he development of human economy and the impro

of society not only react the level of economy growthshow sustainable e(tent between economy growth anatural environment protection. %he higher the gree

are, the higher the positive e6ect of human economy

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+ã ã 5 d环<= c!cling econ



ã ã d环<= ! g “d环<=90oÇ./的高0N用Ad环N用È核心9Ç 减Üõš再N用

“ ”ÈmH9Ç Q%<šQ>?š高0Z È>本Œ征90o=‚用的<=M„”·Ü生-š·Ü%&š·ÜÔ³ 的´‰Þï÷ø的:本Ê!F‚"#0iþÿ

M„9$·T度}%EN用./F从本5°讲9d环<=0o生态<=9¶

态{!&¥0º'©!&TjkQRþÿ的<=Ã^F de"nitions of cycling economy as a core for high e0ciency resources

take reduction, recycling for the principle, with the low consumemission, high e0ciency as basic characteristics, it is also adeveloping mode to make use of things and radically renovation forgrowth mode of & large number of production, consumption, a largeabandoned” ./t emphasize that the essence focus on harmonize so

natural development, make it most to save resources. 1ssentiaeconomy is one kind ecological economy, it ask for apply ecological the Mechanistic law to guide the economic activities of human society

M„d环<=0()我1./ðñ的34*+9•<=‚ƒM„



M„d环<=0()我1./ðñ的34*+9•<=‚ƒM„

•¯,90ÉÊ<=Þï%ø的有0*+90»¹H工:õ道½的

“d环<=的·mH9亦µ 5?” mH9-减Üõ（ ?educe ）（ ?e*use ）š再d环（ ?ecycle ）9.omHud环<=的•€ç的F

%he development of circular economy is an important asolve the shortage of resources in :hina, the realisticrealizing economic sustainable development strategic ge6ective way of transformation of the mode of economicone of the important measures to take a new way to indust

%he three principle of circular economy also called &5?”&reduce, re*use,and recycle &each of the principle is veryfor implement.

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+ã ã 5 d环<=



d环<= 减ÜõmH <

?educe principle< e0/uØ¾0的mH94用œ少的m1A¦/ú¾T}Ôü2的

%&;的93O减少U¾生-A%&ö程¸的=5A¦/§ÜF456

的-生b404´ö8ï¥0è0治理的%øThÇa9F %he principle aim to input terminal ask for less material and

in order to attained assured produce and consumption ppurpose on decrease the substance and energy ow which inof production and consumption. /n other word, mesuremeproduce waste should through prevent rather than terminal m

再N用mH:

e0/uö程的mH94;ï-/A<ÕE=¾用的XØi度9Y¦MO或M%ø}¾用=/9a9=/6ÈoOí-/F?e*use principle< %his is against the principle of process, to prolon

products and packaging container strength re$uirements, thatto use items as many as possible or variety of ways as possiblmeanwhile avoid goods become disposable products.

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+ 5šd环<=



+ã ã 5 d环<= 再d环mH（亦µ./õmH）:

e0/uØ¼0的mH94生-¼T的=/O>6

¦w¦3¹Ê6ÇN用的./¥0?用的@A9Ç减理Ü9Yf0我们´DE讲的Ô/的FGN用AÔ=的H

rec!cling principle < %his is for the output prproduce goods in completed its use function caavailable again after resources rather than usein order to reduce the "nal process, it is what wtalk about waste recycling and comprehensive .

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&5?” mH66[d环<=的>本mH9‚¸9减ÜõmH0d环<=



“ 5?” mH4减少<=/n的./¾用ÜAòó-生Ü9u于/n¥ó=A<ö%&ö¾用的<ÕÔ=šKLª4hÇFGN用9¾¶们¸MFN有˜a9-生AFGN用ç¥¦•X9OPQ将Ô=Uv

&5?”principle formed basic principle of cycling

thereinto, reduce principle as the "rst preconomy.the &5?” principle ask for reduce resoof 1conomic source and pollution discharge. 'cannot cut pollutants and after consumer use of waste, !unk etc to be recycled to make them retu

economic cycle. =nly when avoid and recyclachieve, harmless disposal of waste will be allowe

ã + š 矿山自然生态环境保护与治



矿自环保护!"RS

ã +ã +š矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"

的Tå

ã +ã š矿山自然生态环境保护与治理

的Œí

ã +ã 5š矿山自然生态环境保护与治理

的NO8ˆ

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.environment protection



environment protectionmanagement

.+.+ the meaning of mine natural ec

environment protection and manageme .+. the characteristics of mine

ecological environment protectionmanagement planning

.+. the layer system of mine ecological environment protectionmanagement planning

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ã ã š !"



!"的Tå 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"90

2的Ž”D9

:U1;<=AþÿM„u矿

的g9Çh矿-./LMN用Ã^u矿山态环境的)*程度9从ÐÀ的šï远的NûuŽ”V¸D矿山自然生态环境保护与治理

‰W+>的…†í!"F‚;的b4O于h自然生态环境保护与治理工l9ŠU|理L矿-./9È@w矿-./’理工lÎƒ依

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%.#.# the meaning of mine natural e



genvironment protection and management

Mine ecological environment protection and ma

planning is point to in a certain area, according to th

economic and social development demand forresources, as well as the mineral resources developutilization activities on the inuence degree of thecological environment in mines, from the overall

term interests, to the area within the scope of mine environment protection and management and so on

the overall arrangement of the strategic planning. %his to strengthen the mine ecological environment and management work, promote the rational e(ploit

utilization of mineral resources, provide the basis for entire mineral resources management.

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ã ã š !"



!"的Tå !"EXh的矿山自然生态环境保护与

”9b40/u矿-./…š¯Ã^E引M自然生态环境的1ÊA\]9TY}ß}Z+Ð[\šžŸ\]šd2§¬šÔ]hâªV¸F!"0L„矿山自然生态环境保护的!V9Y0r级stA12./’理7‘

矿山自然生态环境保护与治理Uv^_的3F'(矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"€`y矿-./’理工l的核心DEIoF

‡西

? l t l i i l l di i i



?elevant planning mainly concluding mining, sepawhich changed and broke mine natural environmen

on geological damage, hidden danger, vegetadestruction, soil erosion, waste residue and tetc.

2lanning means according to the mining natural eenvironment protect and management standard .provide a very important gist for government and resources department in each level. 1dit the pro!ebecome one core concept of land and resources wo

04/23/15

ã +ã š矿山自然生态环境保护!"的Œí



!"的Œí 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"0矿山生态环境保护工l

0矿-./!"的opqp!"90r级stu矿山自然生态环境

控(的ow34xyF¶具有ÇÏ>本Œí:@8íšïéí

F

mine natural ecological protection and manplanning as core work for environment protect, specialized planning in order to help govern

dealing with environment protect and controthree basic characteristics which include totaevity and overall control.

ã +ã š矿山自然生态环境保护与!"的Œí



!"的Œí@8í:

矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"具有或H|的Œí9具8°OÇÏw%Á:

（ + ）!"的ua0o2Ž”V¸D的Ð7态环境9¥0boC矿山或boÀ7Ž”

山生态环境9•v的0矿山生态环境@8í|í的保护与治理!"F



%otality was shown in

aspects<+.the planning pro!ect min a certain regional scope ratheonly planning somewhere, a and comprehensive ecolog

environment protection management should be implem

04/23/15




!"的Œí

（）!"的DE0Ç矿山生态环境È核心9u

/LMN用¸的矿山生态环境的保护与治理C‰W!"šÐÁcd9¥0单o的N用!"的LMš@治š保护!"F

%he planning should focus on mine ecoenvironment ,overall consideration

mineral resources e(ploration and utilizthoughtful way instead of simply utiand e(ploitation, management and prot

‡西

（ 5 ）!"的;#¥JJ0Î高boC矿山生态环境保护的í3的0!"Ž”DÐ7矿山生态环境的@80û94O



山自然生态环境保护与治理09的WXfY生态š<=šþ|0ûF

%he planning goal not means only prom

bene"ts of ecological environment protsomewhere, particular concentrate onbene"ts in regional area and re$uire the e0environment protection and manageme

obtain comprehensive bene"ts for ecology, and society.

04/23/15




!"的Œí

ïéí:

矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"0态环境保护的opïé!"90Èï止或-./LMN用ö程¸¼·的¬j'

¶Ž±u矿-./LMN用有ò的Ã^l9U'(ï远的矿山生态环境保护!"…†í的矿山生态环境保护s策F

‡西

Mi t l l i l i t



Mine natural ecological environmentlong*term plan in order to prevent o

remedy big mistakes has been founutilized process. it must be forecastrelevant activities of mineral resource(ploration and utilization and furth

established a long*term plans or pol

04/23/15




!"的Œí

®于þÿ生-ö程¸矿:Ã^u矿山生态环境的

ïé的šmU的9ÅÆ@矿-./N用U6šÇh矿山布À9•矿山生态环境保护9¾I};#Õ¥0ðéDf¦}Ô的FÈ[•u矿山的有0保护9ÕnV%除öM矿-./LMN用

o¨ÏT的¥aw99'(owo2XéD的矿态环境保护与治理!"十8Ž4F

‡西

4ecause of those mining activities which in soc



gproducing process have such a long term and ginuence, therefore ad!ust the structure of min

resources utilization, direction of use and distr

of mines, realize mine ecological environmentprotection, make sure to the accomplishment e(pected goal and it will not been achieved in atime .>ue to realize e0cient protection and graeliminate negative e6ects of mineral resource

e(ploration in the past, hence, establish a certanatural ecological environment protection andmanagement panning become necessarily .

04/23/15




!"的Œí@8控(í:

矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"Ç生态<=

ƒM„的È依U9¶pï远Nûš@8Nûd矿-./LMN用Çh矿山生态环境保护的@rp矿:Ã^çŽ±从‚@8控(F‚具8o%ÁÇ矿山布ÀšU6@T引kA控(矿-ös!"的C想T¾用矿-./9$B•!"to%Á9H0´öo2的’(–€9Tu保!•FÅÆ92Ü的矿山生态环境保护j#š2LMN用布ÀA2í的–€’(!H92Ü的矿境保护j#š2Ñ的矿山LMN用布ÀA2í的!H9k0矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"M

“ ” “ ”生态环境保护’理 mn A 核心 l用的34x‡西

)ntirel! control 1ntirely controlled< mine natural ecological environm

t b i f l i l d



management on basis of ecological economy and sdevelopment, base on long*term and overall bene"tsconsideration to the development and utilization resources and the integrity of the mine ecological enprotection and emphasis on mining activities shouwith its overall control. %he speci"c operation on theis to mine distribution, structural ad!ustment to control the user according to the planning idea oresources to use mineral resources, ultimately achiev

of planning.

04/23/15

=n the other hand, it is through certain control meensure the realization of planning ob!ectives Mine



ensure the realization of planning ob!ectives. Mine environment protection, therefore, the $uantitative positioning of mine e(ploitation and utilization of tand the $ualitative measures to control rules, the $u

inde( of ecological environment protection ipositioning of mine e(ploitation and utilization of tand the $ualitative measures to control rules, it is miecological environment protection and managemenplay the mine ecological environment protection ma

@leading@ and the @core@ of the important means.

04/23/15

ã +ã 5š 山生环保理的NO8ˆ



;前9矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"的'(

OÐ1V¸DxyL„9‚NO8ˆYz有{‚|!J[的"8F®于矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!./!"的qp!"9È[~于与r级矿-./!"e€将矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"svsŽ”ÈÐ1级š级š}‡级š†（‡）级ª‚wNO级š}‡级级!"9®于XhV¸·9²于jk

9†（‡）级!"Hí3!"•€的rlí9具有!"í5F°Ï级!"g4hiŒ•‹9°o级kÏo级!"'(的依

U9Ïo级!"0°o级!"的>?A落•F

‡西

t present, the planning of mine ecological environment protection and ma

work is not yet widely across the country, its hierarchy is not obvious, as



planning partition. 4ut the mine ecological environment protection and mplanning is a special planning of mineral resources to facilitate the interlevels of the mineral resources planning, here will be mine natural ecoloenvironment protection and treatment planning in accordance with the a

area classi"cation is divided into the national level, provincial, municipaAcityB level and so on four levels. %he national level, provincial and municplanning, belong to the instructional planning because of the large rangelevel planning focuses on planning and implementation of maneuverabilmicroscopic planning have certain properties. Hierarchy planning needs coordination and cohesion, at the ne(t higher level planning is under theprimary basis for the planning, the ne(t level planning is the basis of plane(t higher level and implement.

04/23/15

ã 矿山自然生态环境保护与治"的„!



"的„! 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"0Uo

W级矿-./!"‹ò;#š„!的owqpÅÆO矿山自然生态环境保护与治理“”9!ëŒ‡的„!9b4有ÇÏ‚w%Á:

Mine ecological environment protection and trplanning is to further implement the mineral r

at the same level planning related goal, task, planning, therefore in the "eld of mine ecologenvironment protection and management, plaundertake especial task, basically has the follofour aspects<

‡西

（ + ）依U矿-./!"9UoVJu矿山生态环境保护„!F

（）ñ¼矿山生态境保护与治的3



（）ñ¼矿山生态环境保护与治理的3F

（ 5 ）|理"8矿山生态环境保护与治理的Ž”F

（ 9 ）落•矿山生态环境H|治理工lF

+./n accordance with the mineral resources panning clear the mine ecological environment protection

. Highlight the focus of mine ecological environmenand management

5. ?easonable division of mine ecological environmeprotection and management area.

9. %o carry out the mine ecological environment commanagement.

ã !

（ + ）依U矿-./!"9UoVJu矿山生态环境保护„!F



ccording to the mineral resources planning, further de"ned the mine ecoenvironment protection tasks.

（）从:本的角度T79!"0È[从/n°有0}pˆ矿山的生态环境保护òF‰

u矿山生态环境保护的DE有EXh9®于矿-./!"具宏í9u具8^_

护工l¥¦lŠ的!"9g4O矿山自然生态环境保护与治理!"¸lUoV的'rom the fundamental point of view, the program is to more e6ectively from

ensure the mine ecological environment protection. 1ven though the mineplanning is involved to the content of the mine ecological environment promore macroscopic due to mineral resources planning, how to speci"c impthe mine ecological environment protection couldnt make in detail it needin the mine ecological environment protection and management plan.

‡西




"的„! 从b程度°Ç79矿山自然生态环境

治理!"0矿-./!"O矿山生态环境保护的;‹AàõFÅÆ9矿山自然生态环境保护!"4sŒ‹ò的n&n!9O认o8!"自然}理与þÿ<=M„dš矿山自然生态Žš矿山生态环境保护ÛO的b4CDª>?°9(2!";#9<@;#A‘é`y;#F!";#ü48高ôš高#’讲究z{íArlíF

‡西

%o some degree to say the mine ecological environmentand management planning is the "eld of e(tension and re"



and management planning is the "eld of e(tension and re"

in mine ecological environment protection. Mine environment protection, therefore, in accordance with thlaws and regulations, with governance planning in earneplanning area of natural geography and social economic delevel, mining natural ecological environment present situproblems of ecological environment protection in mines, oof background conditions, such as the planning ob!ectivethe general ob!ective and recent and long*term goalsob!ectives should not only reect a high starting point, higand should pay attention to the scienti"c nature and opera

04/23/15




"的„!（）ñ¼矿山生态环境保护与治理的3F

矿山生态环境保护¥JXhÔ有生-矿山山的环境保护CD9且YXhÔ“”°€Ô³理CD90owH|í的ˆ‰CDFÅÆ9O!u有矿山的布À@CDlUoVJu9^:态的49B–控(¹C矿山9h·u—‡·˜）道š高™š½õ›ŠšV¸D的矿山ò§X_Š生-矿山šOB矿山落•矿-./LMN生态环境保护与治理%&¸的‹ò–€9ï止环d2§¬ªCDFtè9!"Y4u€Ô³的矿理h治理的XTl¼o2的!"7œ9ÓÔü¥ýnV还Ÿ¬žF

‡西

/ighlight the focus of mine ecological environmprotection and management.

Mi l i l i t t ti t l i l



Mine ecological environment protection not only involvenvironmental problems of productive mine and undemine, but also concern historical problems of dumpe

are comprehensive system problems. Hence, in plannlayout of the re$uirements of e(isting mines ad!ustmefor further clear, such as according to the re$uiremenecological vision, strictly control new mines, increase e6orts in the visible range of cities, states, high ways.

time, supervise production in mines, mine under conscarry out the development and utilization of mineral rplan, ecological environment protection and managemrelated measures to prevent environmental pollution, etc. /n addition, planning to have abandoned mine how

d t t l i th d l t f th t




"的„!（ 5 ）|理"8矿山生态环境保护与治理的Ž”F

!"4:UŽ”D矿山EC的}5环境A}Z矿山!÷A¸程度š矿山生态环境\]RHš{9¡Œ本}Ž2}N用@8!"A生态环境!理"8矿山自然生态环境保护与治理8ŽF!"õ·Ž”9-3治理ŽAo¢治理Ž9ÈÅ}Rjk矿山自然生态环境保护与治理工lÎƒz3治理Žb40j矿山数ÜMš!÷·š¸Ð[\Mš生态环境¤9uŽ”生态环境)*œFo¢治理Žb40j矿山数Ü少š‹u8¥š¥¦B3š生态环境œ¤9uŽ”生态环境)*”F

‡西

easona e v s on o m ne eco og caenvironment protection andmanagement area. 2lanning according to the geological environment in mines and



management area.features, mining scale and the degree of concentration, the ecological environment destruction, etc., shall be in geneplanning and ecological planning, reasonable dividing parti

ecological environment protection and management. 2lanning cinto two ma!or areas, namely the ma!or control and general conmeasures to local conditions, classi"cation guide the mienvironment protection and treatment work provided the scMa!or control is mainly refers to mining $uantity, scale, high and potential safety hazard, poor ecological environment, inuence on the regional ecological environment of the area. 7mainly refers to the number of mines, relative dispersion, less sdanger is not too serious, ecological environment is poorer, lthe regional ecological environment of the area.

04/23/15




"的„!（ 9 ）落•矿山生态环境H|治理工lF

!"4sŒ!"8ŽA矿山RHÎ¼矿山生态护与治理的‹7%&A;#9u矿山自然生态环治理工lUvÐÁ!"A7œ9u¥WRH的矿态环境保护与治理Î¼‹7的治理%&9u3生态环境保护与治理工ll¼具8+>9UÎ€的保â–€ªF!"4B¶‹ò的(度9Ju

Ì§A„!9落•A¨v治理å!"4:U•©}(£9Å矿€治9落•矿山生态环境H|治理U|2}LM@理$îšBC用}N用A矿山ª9L„Ô³矿山的H|@治工l9|理LMN}9Î高2}H|N用Z9#$矿山生态环境F

‡西

Implement mine natural ecologicalenvironment comprehensivemanagement



management 2lanning to mine types in accordance with the pldivision and put forward the corresponding schem

mine ecological environment protection and goveand the target, the mine ecological environment and management work, to conduct a comprehenplanning and deployment of di6erent types of mimanagement of natural ecological environment p

and proposes the corresponding management plafocus on mine ecological environment protectionmanagement work to make speci"c arrangementplan implementation safeguard measures, etc.

04/23/15

2lanning to build a relevant system, de"ne the relevresponsibilities and tasks, implementation and goobligationsC ccording to the actual situation ad!ust me



obligationsC ccording to the actual situation, ad!ust melocal conditions, because of the ore, providing the impleof the mine ecological environment comprehensive

work. s can be combined with the developmentconsolidation reclamation, construction land use aecological recovery, etc., to carry out the compimprovement of abandoned mine work, reasonable e(and utilization of abandoned mines, improve land computilization and recovery of mine ecological environment.

04/23/15

ã 5 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理>本mHmine ecological pro



and management basic pri

È[Î高!"的z{í9Þi!"的¬Ä9•!"82的;#9O'(矿山自然保护与治理!"X9Ž±°‚ÇÏmH:

/n order to promoted scienti"city of

improved cohesion, realize the plathe preparation of mine eenvironment protection and manplanning, must insist the following pr

‡西

（ + “ ”）°‚ O保护¸LMšOLM¸保护的@mHFkuC理好矿-./LMN用ö程¸与境保护的òˆF

（ “）°‚生态环境保护与生态环境BCÕÙ的mHFO矿-./LMN用ö程¸94°‚

”9±\]š±治理9±iûš±i² 的mH9Ju…矿³Qu矿山自然生态环境保护与治



9±\] ±治理9±iû ±i² 的mH9Ju…矿³Qu矿山自然生态环境保护与治F

+./t should insist the main principle that e(ploitation from the protectform e(ploitation, %o properly handle the development and utilizat

resources and mine ecological environment protection in therelationship.

./t should insist that ecological environment protection are adhereenvironment construction. /n the process of development and utilizatresources and insist the principle of @who develop who protect, whomanagement, who bene"t, who compensated@, must be clear the oresponsibilities of natural ecological environment protection and mana

04/23/15

%ã & 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理的>本mH mine natural ecolo



environment protection amanage planning princip

（ 5 ）°‚‰W!"98ïÈbš保护优G的mHF矿山境的保护与治理工l9´G4ñ¼保护9Ç8ï生态\„!9‚O4Ó好治理的工l9H|治理生态环境€Ê山9Ç#$矿山自然生态环境F

%he protection should insist on the principle o

planning, prevention "rst, protection as prioriwe need highlight protection and see prevenprior task. #econdly, we should ensmanagement are doing good and compregovernance those broken mines in order tomine natural ecological environment. ‡西

（ 9 ）°‚ñ¼3š8`y•€的mHF®于rw矿ŽÑˆ‰šu生态\]的程度ª¥‹W ÅO!"



ŽÑˆ‰šu生态\]的程度ª¥‹W9ÅO!"ñ¼3š8`y•€的mH9Ç保PO•µ¸ÓÔ保理的有ˆ¥¶F

9.highlight the key point, implement in di6eren4ecause of all mine in di6erent geographical c

and its degree of ecological destruction are same, therefore, we must embody key poiimplement in each period. to ensure the protecmanagement in an orderly way .

04/23/15

ã 5 矿山自然生态环境保护与治"的>本mH



"的本mH（ 8 ）°‚依,zFUVšzF¿¹的mHFO!"'(用¹F‘š¹·n9Î高矿山自然生态环境保护与治理

F|Ü9¯,$g的保护与治理%&9$B•保护š态09与<=šþÿ0û¸¹的U9

8.?ely on scienti"c and technological improvemshould take new technology, new methods, scienti"c content of mine natural ecological env

protection and management, choose optimal 'inally realizes the protection, management aecological e6ect and win*win situation of the and social bene"t.

‡西

（ D ）°‚Å}(£š8Rjk的mHFOº研究>?°然生态环境ŽA˜}的<=M„d¼M98ÜuÔ³矿山AOB矿山Î¼环境保护与治理的4 ¾!"具有i



山AOB矿山Î¼环境保护与治理的49¾!"具有iF

D./nsist local conditions to ad!ust measures, give

guidance to di6erent classi"cation

=n the basis of investigated research, 'rom the mine environment situation and the local economic delevel ,respectively ask for some re$uirements of amines, mine production and construction, put fo

re$uirements of environmental protection and main mines, make the planning more maneuverability.

04/23/15

ã 5 矿山自然生态环境保护与治理>本mH



（ E ）°‚st引kš‡»×l的mHFstOÈ矿山自然生态治理工lÎƒa好的s策环境的WX9Y4q8×用‡»º(

Aþÿ5½的àáí9B¶Mzõ的ú.º(A有0的生态环理的i²º(F

/t is a principle that we should insist on persist to go

guidance, depends on marketing operation.

7overnment should completely utilize

mechanism ,at the same time create good policy efor mine natural ecological environment protmanagement, 1(ert its positivity of company organization then establish diversi"ed investment and e0cient compensation mechanism of environment and management.

the mine environmenimpact assessmen



impact assessmeng . c工l程¾ working process

g . e矿山环境º mine environment survg . g矿山环境)*+,mine environment im

assessment

g . ¿环境)*+,%n assessment method

environment impactg . À 环境)*Å{与+,j# environmenta

impact elements and assessment ind

04/23/15

g . c工l程¾‹i'(%&ÁÂ



‹i'(%&ÁÂ

ÐÁG.1h»Ã

矿山环境º

矿山环境)*+,

矿山环境CD8 保护与治理mHš;

'(矿山环境保护与H|治理%&

ÎÄqqÅº

04/23/15

Working procedures

programmed to accept commission



programmed to accept commission

overall collect resources F to do site surve

Mines environmental survey

Mine environmental inuence survey

ssessment of mine environmental problem

Mine environmental analysis principle, target, protection and ma

2rogrammed pro!ects of mine environment and ma

#end e(pert to e(amine

04/23/15



ÊšºJ矿8ËÛŒ征š矿山L…%øšL…ù度šÌ度hL…)



Find out ore body occurrence characteristic , mining exploit

mining depth, thickness and the range of influence.

ÍšºJ矿Ž环境CDA}5¨b的ß6ˆ‰š8布!&š)M育程度šM„`Î"8k‚u矿:Ã^的)*"8k矿:ÃhAAÊi的b4环境CDA}5¨bF

Find out forming conditions, regularities of distribution, influencin

developing degrees and developing tendency for mine environm

problems and geological disasters. Forecast those impacts on m

activities and reason why main environment al problems and dihave been caused or aggravated .

04/23/15

g . e矿山环境º mine environmesurve!



Ï šºJÇÏ矿山环境CDfind out the bellowed mine environmental proble

ÏÐÆ矿Ž2}šžŸ./é用A\]92}N用š}Z\]šd2§¬š2}ÑõšÒÓòóªF

The soil, vegetation resources been occupied anddestroyed, the soil utilization changed conditio

to landscape destroyed, water and soil loss, landesertification, salinization and soil pollution.

‡西



ÏÐÈ矿ŽdÛþ¬þšdòó ÔÐ矿Üñdš矿Ü>dß6的}Ïdð落ÝÞÇh…^\àšVášâð kêr|dNã´ Z6}ÏdÛþ



\à Vá âð9kêr|dNã´9Z6}ÏdÛþ ÖÐ ÔØÔ]>?šÛà=ÙÚØZ6}Ïdš}°dò环境F

Water imbalance and water pollution in the mining areaa. Water busted and discharged that formed

groundwater depression cone then caused rocks crushed, and settling, furthermore it also cut through each water!bstratum lead to underwater imbalanced.

b. Waste li"uid, waste residue and accumulated leachate polunderwater and surface water and damaged water enviro

04/23/15

g . gÆ š@4ÆÐÆ¹B矿山Ç矿山环境8k+,ÈbF€ú-生-矿山WXUv矿山环境Ž+,

|+,F

Æ È矿山环境)*+,8级Uv :U矿山}5ˆ‰$ä程度与矿山LM)*Œ征



Æã È矿山环境)*+,8级Uv9:U矿山}5ˆ‰$ä程度与矿山LM)*Œ征

+,"8È级F

ÆÐÊ …用2í与2Ü‹U|šÇ2ÜÈb的%n9Uv矿山环境)*+,

#eneral ac"uirements

$.$%ewly built mines need focus on environmental forecast, for those mines which h

production should proceeded status evaluation, forecasting evaluation an

evaluation.

$.& gradually to do mines environmental impact assessment, according to complex o

degree and characteristics of mines exploitation $.' combined "ualitative and

priority to "uantitative to assess mine environmental impacts.

g . g矿山环境)*+,Èš矿山环境)*+,RH



È 矿山环境)*+,RH

Types of mine environmental impact assessment

ÈÐÆ 矿山环境)*+,7O8Ž”环境ˆ‰AL…°9U|矿:Ã^Œ9:U矿-./LMN用%&…C计9u矿山BCh生-Ã^¦)*V¸D的矿DUvŽ+,š8k+,AH|+,

(ines environmental impact assessment should on the basanalysis regional environmental status and exploitation,combined characteristics of mining activities accordingmineral resources utilized and exploiting plans. (ake aconditional and predictable assessment within the possiof mine construction and producing activity.

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ÈÐÈ Ž+,0ju矿山环境AÛ的环境CDš}5¨bU

Ž+,的b4DE0:8矿山环境Œ征š矿山环境5ÜIŽ«u矿:Ã^的)*"/uÛO的矿山环境CDA}5¨bh)*A\]程度Uv+,"+,¸7u)*A\]矿山环境ô



Å{lù¾898+,‚í5š«bhj¬F

)tatus assessment refer to evaluate mine environment, exist envi

problems and geological disaster. main content for status assessmanalysis characteristics of mine environmental background , stat

environmental "uality, social humanity condition and impacts f

activities.aim at existing mine environmental problems, geologic

harmful ob*ect, influence and damage degree to proceed assessm

process of assessment should make deepen analysis to influences

which could effect on environment, moreover, analysis its propeand loss.

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g . g矿山环境)*+,ÈÐÊ 8k+,0ju矿:Ã^¸¦引MšhAAÊi的矿DA}5¨bUv8kF:U矿山RHš!÷šL…%ø



DA}5¨bUv8k :U矿山RH !÷ L…%øŒ征hb4矿山环境CDA}5¨b的Ž98k矿山环Îš矿山环境CD)*程度š}5¨b«åíF

Forecast assessment refer to mining activities which could caus

intensified mine environmental problems and geological di

according to mine types, scale , mining methods, characteri

mine environment and mine environmental problems and g

disasters to forecast mine environmental tendency etc.

ÈÐÍ H|+,0OŽ+,š8k+,>?°9Uv)*程

vH|+,F omprehensive assessment means on the bas

evaluation and forecast assessment to evaluate different im

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g . g矿山环境)*+, 依U}5¨b«åí·š¸š小"d2./环

5}Z)*\]程度 «bua的34í



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5}Z)*\]程度š«bua的34íš与治理æçª‚wÅ{Uv矿山环境)*程度8

B3š¸ªAo¢级F

u24{H|+,

}5¨b«åí

d./šd环境)*程度

}5)

B3 · B3

¸ª ¸ª œ3

o¢ 小 œè

-nvironmental impact assessment ccording to the bellowed four factors, the asses

could classified into different level



could classified into different level.

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onfirmingfactorscomprehensiveassessment

#eologicaldisaster risks Water resourcesand waterenvironmentimpact level

andscaimpact l

)erious arge )erious )erious

medium medium #eneral general

normal small ittle ittle

g . g矿山环境)*+, )£程度8级°

)£程度 8级7J



F

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)£ 矿山}5环境ˆ‰简单9矿山LMu}5环境)*\]o¢

M（hA）}5¨b的«åí小本身Êi}5¨b«b的于ï治A生态#$F

>本)£ 矿山}5环境ˆ‰œ$ä9矿山LMu}5环境)*\]œ^引M（hA）}5¨b«åí¸ª或h本身Êi}5¨b

œ·9ï治æ度A生态#$æ度¸ªF

)£í¤ 矿山}5环境ˆ‰$ä9矿山LMu}5环境)*\]B3M（hA）}5¨b«åí·或本身Êi}5¨b«b的æ度·9生态#$æ度·F

¥)£ é|êÐ1矿-./@8!"ëAê级矿-./!"ëìŽ7È¥)£F

/roper degree classified tableproper degree lassification

proper Mine ecological environment conditions are simple



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p pdamage in(uence to geolog! environment , littlepossibilit! for ha$ard which ma! be caused b! minopration, eas! to prevent and to do ecological

restoration.

generallysuitable

-omple1 Mine ecological environment conditions ,damage in(uence to geolog! environment, mininactivities could make it worse. /ard to prevent anrestoration.

bad -omple1 Mine ecological environment conditions ,damage in(uence to geolog! environment, miningactivities could make it worse. /ard to prevent anrestoration.

%ot suitable -onrm to relevant conditions of Overall 2ationalmineral resources planning , provincial mineralresources planning

g.¿环境)*+,%n

Æ 矿山环境)*+,0Oq8GN用€有的î®){šŽ”}šdI}5š工程}5š环境}5šfadIA矿山L…%&š矿šïðš生态环境ª.1>?°9Uv}ÁH|º9š¥Wª«

=（õ）ýšñ（ò）ý与f}kóª工l



=（õ）ýšñ（ò）ý与f}kóª工l Ð

(ine environmental influence assessment refer to fully use those reso

remote!sensing image, regional geology , mineral geology, hydrogeol

engineering geology, environmental geology, (eteorological hydrolo

exploit pro*ect, economy of mining area, humanity, historical sites, e

environment to proceed surface comprehensive survey , depends on

situation to doing drilling , geophysical prospecting, probing and sam

È 矿山环境)*+,%nO2í8+,>?°9o¢…用单4{+

+~n（^NO8nš÷ôH|+õn）š工程R›nª%nFOn the basis of "ualitative analysis for doing mine environmental assess

generally adopt single elements assessment, multi! factors assessmen

analytic hierarchy process or fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and

engineering geologic analogy method.

. Æš+,Ž矿山环境5Ü)*Å{<}ß}Zšd./ª«šö

°žŸª«šd2§¬ª«šQR工程Ã^ª«šòó/8布ª«M育ª«F

$ - l t i 0 i t l lit f t h ld



$. -valuate mine0s environmental "uality factors should pay alandform, water resources situation, land vegetation, water!soil lohuman engineering activities and polluted resources distribution adisaster developing situation.

ÈÐOH|8矿山环境>本Œ征šL…%øšL…i度hÛšÃOCDA}5¨b>?°9识Ü矿山L…的)*（)*Å{的识Ü识Üš)*w9A程度的识Ü）9´öu›š÷¯9u2+~j#+,w9UoVu认8k+,AH|+,的j#F

Ðíbasically analysis mine0s environment characteristics, mining me

intensity and existing ore potential environmental problems and rimpacts, go through with comparison and sift then confirm evaluatfter evaluated further forecast evaluation and comprehensivindicator.

. Êš+,Žd./šd环境)*+,j#:矿山h·¸}Ïd

dÜ的Êõš}°d8Êõhd./)*程度šd8òóV



Ð

Water resources and water environment impact indicator1

surrounding groundwater level, water yield changes, surface wchanges and resources impact degree or the range of wave poll

Íš+,Ž2}./šÉ2环境)*+,j#:…矿»šÔ³

šâ矿Õªé用2}"…矿}°Êß)*A\]2}RHAÁ

òó程度AÁàªF -valuate land resource and ground environmental impact

indicator, like stope, waste yard and tailing pond2 surface d

impacts and types and area of damaged soil , polluted rock deg



矿山自然生态环境保护与与治理#$%&的Æš依U矿山环境)*+,U99U|矿山!øTAL…计"9°

šaù与治理‹U|AÐÁ!"9ñ¼3的mH”9ÐÁ!"矿

ÔúñÐö程的矿山环境保护与H|治理%&F



ÔúñÐö程的矿山环境保护与H|治理%&

ccording to result of mine environmental impact assessment whic

mine service limit and mining plan. +nsist on the principle of combined circumvention and management, overall planning a

importance. Wholly planning environmental and comprehensive

pro*ect about the whole process of from capital construction to close

Èš:U矿山环境)*+,U99Q*环境A<=þÿM„的g9

保护与H|治理%F lear and definite the direction

Êš依Œ1q有òn&šn!š!û的!2A49Î¼¥WXy矿山

理; # according to the regulations, policies proposed different

target.

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矿山自然生态环境保护与与治理#$%&的9š依U矿:Ã^E«b的uaš程度与治理æ度98È3ï治Ž

Žšo¢ï治ŽF'(8Ž治理%&9¯,3}Žš3工程U



On the basis of hazard ob*ect by mining opration, degree and manage

divided into key areas, secondary areas, and general control

partition pro*ect should first choose key area and key pro*ect to pre

8š'(8Ž治理%&X9s‘éš¸éš远é"8¥WXy9mH

ÈowXy9!øTœð的矿山¼:9rXyøT)˜减少

when compile treatment scheme, according to different period cou

recent period , medium!term and long!term. +n principle every fi

period. for those short term service enterprise should proper decreaeach period.

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矿山自然生态环境保护与与治理#&的'(

矿山环境H|ï治8Ž°



矿山环境H|ï治8Ž°

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u24{

H|8Ž

«bua «b程度

3ï治Ž üýš—Çš34Ä´ãþš3 4工程C€hŒ‡保护Ž

B3

œ3ï治Ž üýšo¢Ä´þA工程C€h. /环境—¦!"4œ高Ž

œB3

o¢Ž üýšo¢}Žš./环境—¦! "4œQŽ

小

/artition table of omprehensive environme protection and treatment

/artition 4azard Ob*ects 4azard 5egree Treatin



/artition 4azard Ob*ects 4azard 5egree Treatin

-mphasize

prevention area

6illage, town, important

arterial traffic, engineeringfacilities and especial

protecting area

)erious 4ard t

recove

Obvious prevention

area

6illage, general arterial

traffic , engineeringfacilities and resources

environment functionplanning area is re"uired to

be higher

#eneral %ot ve

and re

%ormal area 6illage, town and lower

re"uirement area.little 1asy

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9.+矿山自然生态环境保护的4ÍÐÆÐÆš保护mH

Æ š矿:LM7ãÿ矿-./LM与环境保护Õ39H|治理与环境保护ÕÙ的



development should pay e"ual attention to the implementation of the mineral resour

environmental protection, the principle of comprehensive treatment and environm

simultaneously.

Èš…矿³Q7依,zFUV9B–控(矿-./LMu矿山环境的扰^A\]9$·T

矿-LM引M的矿山环境CDF

(ining right shall rely on scientific and technological progress, strictly control the m

development of mine environment disturbance and destruction, minimize or avoid mine

cause of mine environmental problems.

Êš矿-./的LM7~vd环<=的“òó=减Üš./再N用Ad环N用”的F‘mH

(ineral resources development should promote circular economy 7pollutant reduction, re

recycling7 principles of technology

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.key points for environme

protection



pÍÐÆÐÈš@84 total re"uirement

Æšz{|理N用9维护环境…Ö¦Ä ,O矿山C计šBCšúñ环%94B–扰^\]A>?’¾9iõ/n8ï

控(F

)cientific and reasonable use, maintain environment bearing c

should strictly disturbance destruction and discharge, stren

source prevention and wholly control in the process of desig

construction, production, closed down of mines.

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ÈšÇ矿山环境)*+,È>? ,U|矿山•© ,u矿山环境

ØAXØ的@8+>与7œ ,B–执v矿-./LM%&F



8ased on the mine environmental impact assessment, combinin

of mine, the mine environmental protection to maarrangement and deployment of space and time, strict enfo

mineral resources development planning.

Êšu具有34~•的}5oðAQIïð97…f有0–

F rí th se important geological relics and historical sit

measures should be taken to protect.

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ÍÐÆÐÈš@84Íš…f|理的–€$·T度}减少或a9矿山环境CD的M生Take reasonable measurement to maximum reduce or avoid min

environmental problems occurred or developed



environmental problems occurred or developed.

ÔÐu…矿Ã^E-生的固8Ô=97¾用q用»EÛ?9Õ…

ï止二O环境òóh¡M}5¨bFFor solid waste produced by mining activities, should use the sp

piled up, and take effective measures to prevent the secondarof the environment and induce geological disasters.

ÖÐ 7:U…矿固8Ô³=的í5š贮Û»E的工程}5ª«9

ï渗šd>d–€9ï止Ù溶dòó}°dA}Ïd")hould be based on the nature of the mining solid waste, the sto

engineering geology, the perfect seepage and water drainaprevent leaching water pollution of surface water and ground

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×Ð £…用dßYnš湿}nšÓí=1F填ª%n98ïA的±íÔdòó"hoosing water covering method, wetland method, alkalbackfill method to prevent and reduce the acid wastewater

t k fi ld



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waste rock field.dÐ …f有0–€Î高Ô³=的H|N用ZA?bõC理d

%nï止â矿Õ扬Ñš扬Ú"Take effective measures to improve the level of comprehensiand disposal of the wastes, adopt effective methods to prevenflying sand and dusteÐ …f}Ï帷幕í浆隔dš}°ï渗或òdC理ª–€a9./šd环境的\]"

Take measures of underground waterproof , surface seepagetreatment to guard against or reduce damage for water rwater environment.fÐ …f工程–€A生=–€控(或a9矿山}5 ¨b„F Take engineering measure and biological measure t

revent mine eolo ical disaster .

!.".# ¹B矿山生态环境保护4

3ey points for newly built mine ecological environmental protectionÆšld“ÇQÈ本”的mH9:U矿ŽEC的ŽÑˆ‰A矿山环境u矿山LM矿山LM与环境保护的;#š„!9优õ矿山工程布À9z{|理N用矿*环境的+Ð9Î高Q*环境的5ÜF

F ll i h i i l f h i d di h i i



Following the principle of human oriented, according to the mine regionaenvironment that located in to confirm target and mission for mine

protection. lso need to optimize mine engineering distribution, scientenvironment, further to be ensure the safety of human settlement, prohuman settlement.

Èš:U矿山环境u矿:Ã^的)£íA环境…Ö¦Ä9…用z{|理的…矿-工艺9sŒ1q!2的F‘!V'(LMN用%&或C计9(28ïí•€保护íLMF

ccording to suitability of mining activities and bearing capacity to adopt scie

method and producing techni"ues, +n accordance with the technicprescribed by the state development and utilization plan or design, to deenvironmental protection measures, implementation of protective developme

‡西

Êš/uÔ³=（>）?šÛÛZ6的矿山环境CD9(订8ïÈ境保护–€F



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the environmental protection problems which were caused bdischarge and cumulated waste should take measures to

environmental problems.

ÍšB–执v1q(订的环境5Ü#’Aòó=>?#’F)trictly enforce the national environmental "uality standards and pdischarge standards.

9š(2矿山环境CD^k%&9•€u矿山环境CD的^态^

Formulate mine environmental problems supervising plan , to imdynamic monitoring for mine environmental problems.

ÍÐÆÐÍ生-矿山环境保护的4Æš生-矿山4从粗?øš´‰ø的“þíLM单o÷ø”ÉõÈ

环保ø的“d环<=保护LM÷ø”9‰WŒ矿山环境保护



/roductive mine should translate the mode from :extensive, traditi

intensive and ecological; which refer to circular economy prote

exploiting mode, make overall plan and coordinate mine environ

protection.

Èšu于ÏÐL…的矿山9£…fD>A剥离 >2 Z} $î

For the opencast working should adopt the integrated technol

including inside discharge , stripping , soil discharge ,land re

reclamation.

‡西

ÍÐÆÐÍ生-矿山环境保护的4ÊšÏÐ矿山L…7:U…»的工程}5ˆ‰9¯,|¸Ça9¤¢š"!š}á#的M生F



open mining should in accordance with geological co

stope, choose reasonable slope angle to avoid colground fracture.

ÍšuÜ工L…的固8矿山97Î¼8¨矿$š矿%š&'ßÉÌ度#’或…用q填L…n将固8Ô]hX减 âí浆F ‘9ï 止或减 è…×â £š}á#

âF <nderground mining should reserved thickneore wall, ledge of overlying strata or could use fillingbackfill solid waste, adopt alleviating subsidence bserosity to avoid or reduce empty mining subsidenfracture and surface subsidence.



9.矿山自然生态环境治理#$%&ÆškOL…的矿山9ü4u€¼的矿山环境CDÎ¼治理%&9

k的环境CDÎ¼8ï–€Fin the process of mining either need to propose controlling pla



in the process of mining, either need to propose controlling plaenvironmental problems, or in accordance with predicted probleprevention measures.

Èš¹B矿山97Ju<|/矿山环境的保护%&930剥离2NÉ2的N用AÉ0š矿]的Û?šâ矿的>?ªF %ewly built clear!out the environmental protection plan, emphasize strreserves, the ore!bearing soil ,non ore rocks utilization and transstack and tailing discharge.

Êš有1¥ßYN的矿山97‰W+>剥离°N2的Û?šÛ„š$

oosing covering layer of mines should make overall arrangemsand ,reserve ,reclamation and reuse.

Íš…矿Ô³的矿]šËÌ¦š¸Éä¦ª固8Ô³=97(2Û?N用%&F The wasted ore slag, coal gangue and surrounding make utilized plan about store, dispose and reuse of solid waste.

‡西 .

EÏš¯矿¸-生的â矿]š矿¥ª7|理的>?šÛ„FThe tailing slag and ore slurry in the process of mining should

discharged and in store.



+š…矿»h2级LÖ的32˜!的保护A˜!4@F)table slide protection and trimming of stope and stepped slide.

5š…矿¡M的}5¨bš矿ŽÃO}5¨b8的ï治FThe prevention and treatment of geological disasters and poten

disasters which were caused by mining activities.

6š}ÏdÛþ#$šdòóï治F>ecover groundwater balance and prevent and cure water pollution.

7šÔd的Û„šC理š再N用F )tore, dispose and reuse wasted waÆ8š矿Ž2}$îAžŸ3BF(ining area reclamation and veget

ÆÆš矿山}5šrBCF The construction of mine geological park

ÆÈ š‚ ¶矿山环境C D治理%&F Other treatment of mineproblems.

‡西

9.+矿山自然生态环境保护的49.+.8 lúñ矿山 for intending closed pit

+ š u矿-LMö程¸的ñšÜš9道ªúñwŽ±8GÓ¼:



%&9;•8ïo¨CD的M生F

for those pits, wells or tunnels in the process of me1ploitation which should made lling plans in abefore close pit.

šuÛO<w[\的矿山}5环境CD97C计=>^k%&188k‚Êõ`Î9hX…fï治–€F

for environmental problems which ma! have som

lagged hidden danger should design a superv

through anal!sis and predict its changing te

adopt relevant controlling methods on time.

structure and content of the recopro!ect

前

„!的®T



oš„!的®T the tÔs? ×o@es fro@

二š%&'(的依U the ABst of CroDe×t orAÔEBFed š%&的)用øT sGBtÔÖHe HB@BtÔtBoE of CroDe×t

Ioû 矿山>本ª« ÖÔsB× BEf

or@ÔtBoE of @BEe

oš矿山}理ÑSAþÿ<=R« Ho×ÔtBoE ÔEd e×oEo@I C@BEe

二š矿山L…“”hŽ @BEBEA hBstorI ÔEd Bts ×GrreEt

š矿山LMN用%&RS oJerJBeK of @BEe eLCHoBtÔtBo

‡西

9.5矿山自然生态环境保护与治理#$的I本U6hDE

I二û 矿山}5环境 ÖÔ×?AroGEd of @BEe AeoHoAB×ÔH eEJBroE

自然}理



oš自然}理 ChIsB×ÔH AeoArÔChI

二š}ß}Z HÔEdfor@

š}NÉí与}56Z for@ÔtBoE HBthoHoAI ÔEd AeoHoAB×ÔH st

‚šdI}5ˆ‰ hIdroAeoHoAB×ÔH ×oEdBtBoEs

Mš工程}5ˆ‰ eEABEeerBEA AeoHoAI ×oEdBtBoEs

Nš矿8（N）}5Œ征 AeoHoAB×ÔH ×hÔrÔ×terBstB×s of ore Öod

Oš矿山h·˜‚|QR工程Ã^ª« @BEe ÔEd the other sGrroGeEABEeerBEA Ô×tBJBtBes

Iû 矿山}5环境)*+, @BEe AeoHoAB×ÔH eEJBroE@eEtÔH e

oš+,V¸A级Ü rÔEAe ÔEd ×HÔssBfB×ÔtBoE

二šŽ+, ×GrreEt sBtGÔtBoE eJÔHGÔte‡西

9.5矿山自然生态环境保护与治理#$的I本U6hDE

I‚û 矿山}5环境保护与治理#$8Ž re×oJerI CÔrtBt8ŽmHh%n



oš8ŽmHh%n CrBE×BCHe ÔEd @ethods of CÔrtBtBoE 二š8Ž+S ×o@@eEt IMû 矿山}5环境保护与治理#$mHš;#A„! CrBEtÔrAet ÔEd @BssBoE

oš矿山}5环境保护与治理#$mH CrBE×BCHe 二š矿山}5环境保护与治理#$;#A„! tÔrAet ÔEd @B

š矿山}5环境保护与治理#$工l7œ re×oJerI Kor? d

INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程 treÔt@eEt eEABEeerBEA oš矿山}5环境保护与治理#$工程 re×oJerI ÔEd treÔt@eEABEeerBEA

二š矿山}5环境^k工程 eEJBroE@eEt @oEBtorBEA

‡西

9.5矿山自然生态环境保护与治理#$的I本U6hDE IOû <&,算与U度+> ÖGdAet eJÔHGÔtBoE ÔEd s×hedGHBEA

oš<&,算



š<&,算

二šU度+>

IPû 保â–€与0û8 sGCCortBEA @eÔsGre ÔEd ÖeEefBt ÔEÔHI oš保â–€ sGCCortBEA @eÔsGre

（o）5½保â orAÔEBFÔtBoE

（二）F‘保â te×hEB×ÔH sGCCort （）.金保â foGEd sGCCort 二š0û8 ÖeEefBt ÔEÔHIsBs

（o）þÿ0û so×BÔH ÖeEefBt （二）环境0û eEJBroE@eEtÔH ÖeEefBt （）<=0û e×oEo@I ÖeEefBt IQû U©与BR ×oE×HGsBoE

‡西

I‚û 矿山}5环境保护与治理#$8Ž×hÔCteríÍíí

矿山}5环境保护与治理#$8Ž::U矿山}5环境Ž8

5环境)*+,U9 Oq8cd矿山环境}5CDuQ*环



5环境)*+,U99Oq8cd矿山环境}5CDuQ*环:生-šŽ”<=M„)*前ÎÏ9将矿山}5环境保护与治”"8È3ï治ŽšO3ï治Žšo¢ï治ŽF

(ine geological environmental protection and management recov

partition1 according to mine ecological status analysis, environ

impacts assessment. +n fully consideration of geology impacts o

living environment, industrial and agricultural production and

economy developing effect, dividing mine geological environm

protection and management recovery into key prevention area

prevention area, normal prevention area.

mine geological environment protectimanagement recovery partition

:U矿-./LM%&或LM计"9矿山环境}5CDRHš8布Œí 矿山}5环境)*+,U9 Uv矿山}5环境保护与治理8Ž



í9矿山}5环境)*+,U99Uv矿山}5环境保护与治理8Ž

8ased on mineral resources exploitation plan , types of geological proble

distribution characteristics and its harmful characteristic and geologienvironmental impacts assessment to proceed geology environment prmanagement partition.

sŒ3ï治ŽšO3ï治ŽAo¢ï治Ž的S¾98ÜTJï治DÛO或¦引M的矿山环境}5CD的RHšŒ征h‚«b9Çh5CD的ï治–€ªF

according to the se"uence of key prevention , secondary prevention aprevention area respectively illuminate prevention area. The types of existing geology problems , perniciousness and prevention measures staken.

prevention and treatmenpro!ectAlandslideB

+š矿Ž山8"!¨bï治–€4:U6Åu2F8Èõ·



+š矿Ž山8"!¨bï治–€4:U6Åu2F8Èõ·H"!AðU…^$|H"!F

(ining landslide prevention measures according to the causes.into two categories1 mining induced landslide and rainfall mlandslides.

š具8ï治工程–€的F‘4亦7Å}(£F

The specific re"uirements for prevention and control of enginetechnology should ad*ust measures to local conditions

a. 优õL…%&" b. ðQ!高š!角" c.V"WšXY（ZOb"yJ%减Ö" e.O有07ÑBC)[工程" f.C计ïd工程F . Optimize mining scheme b. reduce slope heic.slide!resistant pile d. load shedding on main slide part e. bengineering on effective part f. design relevant water discha

‡西冶

3š:U"!的«å程度Aï治;#（+Ð#’）š"!!÷9U程i度A工程Ü9C计X固工程šV"Wš>dˆ‰šV"[%ccording to the degree of danger of landslides and control target ?standards@, landslides, scale, further determine the strength and vothe anchoring engineering, anti!slide pile, drainage, anti!sliding ret



the anchoring engineering, anti slide pile, drainage, anti sliding retintercepting ditch, etc

4šO"!ï治工程%&¸97íäa9€工¸的扰^l用9^^工¸的´òL_F+n landslide control engineering scheme, should pay attention to avdisturbance of construction, such as anti!sliding retaining wall consthe groove excavation.

5šV"[%o¢…用`¬2U6治理¸š小H"!Fnti!sliding retaining wall with concrete structure, small in the trea

landslide$šV"Wo24保P的Ì度C计FV"W€工W身有p够的i度9W高AWØa4:U"!8的!÷š"^N%nb4有c¾nÒnF The thickness of slide!resistant pile should make sure idesign, the slide body should strong enough and deeply anchored, and distance between each piles should according to the scale of the

工

（L…â£ mining subsidence ）+šL…â£¨b的治理94‰WcdL…â£与}á#的DOòU|9H|@治F

The mining subsidence treatment should consider the internal relatbetween mining subsidence and land fracture



between mining subsidence and land fracture

š}Ïñb€Ô³的…×Ž¼}Áâðš}á#X97…f}

9减c}Áâð™度"È(止}Á¢£ß69´ö}Áá#（或d¥浆）9h快q填Ô]的固õF

When abandoned ground pit appeared ground settling and land frabackfill waste slag to slow down the ground settling speed. For pforming surface collapse could in*ect some tailing slurry into grand accelerate solidification of in*ected wasted slag.

5š}Ïñ道vO¾用`y9}Á¼}á#或âððaX979M育}y…f.浆š“•ª–€"7O}Ïñ道…fï¢–€<nderground tunnel still in use , the ground settlement of grounsigns, shall be decisive for ground fissure development section gand other measures2 )hould be adopted in underground tunnel prevention measures. ‡西冶

INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程（É溶¢£ karst collapse ）

+š(2É溶¢£治理%&前Ž±ºJÉ溶¢£的6ÅÇh与}ÏdÃ^IØ的ò”F

8efore form late karst collapse treatment planning m st find o t t



8efore formulate karst collapse treatment planning must find out tformation and relationships with the water discharged of undermining tunnel.

š7…用}ì=理ýk%n（nšgnª）ýJÉ溶¢£的š}Ïß态šù度F

)hould adopt geophysical prospecting methods to verify the rangeunderground formation ,depth of karst collapse.

5šÉ溶¢£Ž}Ï?…矿C€（9道šÜª）9¢£Žž¼i jdˆ‰X9Ç M„jdkl或„d用于¼:.mF

+n karst subsidence underground mining facilities ?tunnels, slope, esubsidence area which isn0t as farmland and have great water scondition, can be used for developing Water a"uaculture or agirrigation

‡西冶

9š¢£ŽmÈö}9£F填Z}93BžŸ8ˆF)ubsidence area could use for arable land, rebuild vegetation syste

8šÉ溶¢£Ž有9道ª}Ï…矿C€97s有ò!2…fï护工UvqpC计治理F

tunnel and other underground mining facilities in karst subsidenc



tunnel and other underground mining facilities in karst subsidencadopted protection engineering measures in accordance with re

regulation to design special pro*ect management. DšÉ溶¢£治理97q8cd矿ñƒdš>dA环境保护‹U

7–€9从/n°控(¢£的M„9|理N用d./912矿3arst collapse management, should give full consideration to com

water supply and drainage with environmental protection,fromcontrol the development of the collapse, rational utilization of w

resources, improve the mining area environment.

山环工

（É溶¢£）+š…矿剥离Ô¦šÔ矿]?¾Û?ß6的rR1¥=566的治理–€ F )tripping waste rocks, waste slag which stacked formed various loose material finally doing treatment on uns



formed various loose material, finally doing treatment on uns

a. ðQ!高š!角"（!角4小于 5- 度） b. ˜!h固

c.O有07ÑBC)[工程" d.C计‹7的>dšïd工程Fa. >educing the height and degree of slide ?less than 'Adegree@

b. )lope strengthening

c. 5esigned corresponding drainage and waterproof system.

šÔ¦šÔ矿]ÛànÁ@治9:UÔ]的RHh（á）

或·的pqOÏ79“•9nN°F填FWaste rocks and waste slag treatment could according to its type

to put coarse grain or block ones at the bottom then gradualldo upward backfilling in each layer.

‡西冶

5š将|¥a68的É2Û?Où79/5)£的2N<çN+>O°79_|k8的2N£+>O>2»&7或°

)tacked undesirable components of rocks at the bottom, and p"uality soil layer on the top ,the rich soil layer should be arth t f f t d



the top or surface of waste dump.

9š@治好的nA˜!97ßY2N9q8N用工程前GY于°NFO?)£°2ßYX9用¥êZ6òó的‚|

fter renovate platform and slide should covered soil layer , fucollected surface soil to cover the surface. When there are nsurface soil to cover it, could use the other unpolluted matecover.

8šËÌ¦Û治理78N•92ßY9快™B¶žŸª–Ì¦Ýõ自uFWhen doing coal gangue treatment should hardly pressed in la

covered clay and "uickly plant vegetation to prevent the oxthe coal gangue spontaneous combustion.

山环工

（dÛþ\]治理）+š©P矿-./LMu}Ïd./的)*F5emonstrate the impacts of mineral resources exploitation on groundw

š矿ñ>dš¯矿Ôdš生ÃÔd>?¦Z6òó的 gB¶ò



š矿ñ>dš¯矿Ôdš生ÃÔd>?¦Z6òó的9gB¶òOre pit drainage , mining waste water, living wastewater drainage p

water resources, so that need to established sewage treatment engin5šòdC理工程4:U矿ŽD的>òÜ9U|·¸þŽòdC理¦

F )ewage treatment engineering according to the mining area witemissions, combining with the surrounding community sewage treaoverall consideration.

9šòdC理工程的¯vš!÷9工艺F‘7¡Œ有ò工程C计š€

Wastewater treatment engineering of location, scale, technology shorelevant engineering design and construction specification.

8š…f.浆ª工程–€9a9A减少…矿Ã^\]}ÏdÛþˆ‰dopt grouting method to avoid or reduce destruction of mining optio

groundwater balance system

‡西冶

INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程

（¥32˜! unstable slide ）+š¥32˜!治理<:矿山V¸DÐ然¥32m生˜!治理9w山!治理F

<nstable slope governance include1 within the scope of natural slope inst



p g p pmines, the mountain the unstable rock slope.

šm生的É2íŽ1¥9˜!xŠ9·于+Ð32!角X9…fJ!}Ô32Ž态F

protogenetic soil shown loose character, when the slope are steep and bigsafety slope angle should cut the slope make the slope keeping stable.

5š6Z®\àZ6的ÉN˜!¬39´G…faù–€9y离«åŽQz9"2#{¼«åV¸9BìU¾"‚O9…fQÈÓ\–€9%除[\F

)tructure the slope instability caused by broken rock strata, first should evacuated all the staff ,moved away all the facilities, partition dangero)econdly, rtificial blasting measures to remove dangerous rock, elimdangers.

‡西冶

9š˜!h固slope strengthening

a.用žÓ\nŸ除°Á1^|¦9u}~É8或高度\à的á(É8Uv°With a method to remove loose surface pumice, fractured rock mass of weak

highly broken surface support.

b.uZ6˜!ÊßÞ·的€LHÉ¦á(A}~NÁ9…用í浆h固

The deformation of slope caused by increasing the open type of rock fracture



The deformation of slope caused by increasing the open type of rock fracture

level, grouting reinforcement method can be used

c.u于}5ˆ‰çZ6"!或小V¸ÉN"^的É89±…用V"Wš[¦For geological conditions of the landslide sliding rock formations or small ran

mass, the anti!slide pile, dam method should be used in governance.

d.uù7 A+-‚ +--mBLáš8àœ·的«É9£…用ùÒ87ÄXYš 固F racking in deep ?$A B $AA m@, larger volume of dangerous rock, app

deep longhole pre!stressed anchor cable for reinforcement.

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INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程

（¥32˜!）

8 š ˜!高度-ö -mX7CS 5mƒ„的…n9ß6n``7C‡>d]F



When slope height over &Am, should set up a 'm benched platfor

steps set up transverse drainage ditch.Dš2级˜!¸的nÁ7ƒDˆ9Çôjdï˜!‰Šl用

The table of the benched slope should inward incline +n order towater slope erosion

Eš˜!工程7U|工程}5šdI}5ˆ‰hðUˆ‰9(2}Ï>d或õö‹U|的%&F

)lope engineering should be combined with engineering geologichydrogeological conditions and rainfall conditions, surface drunderground drainage or a combination of both.

‡西冶

INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程（矿Ž2}$î）

+š矿Ž2}$î程¾:<工程@治A生=$îõw`yF

(ining area land reclamation process including pro*ect management a



(ining area land reclamation process, including pro*ect management areclamation in two stages

š$î2}N用%::U·¸环境A矿Ž2}的自身ˆ‰9Ç¯}šì}š*ˆ}A工:用}šk‹»AŒ用}ªF

>eclamation of land use direction1 according to the surrounding envirotheir own conditions of mining area land, can choose reclamation inforest land, residence and industrial land, fish farms and recreation

5š生=$îF‘:<快™21ašžŸ#$š生态工程šö}工

Aµ¯,ªF 8iological reclamation techni"ues, including rapidimprovement, vegetation restoration, ecological engineering, cultivacrops and tree species selection process.

9š21a:矿Ž2Ž4´ö…frŽ–€9h™的生2õF}°有2H的2Ž9b40´ö€有ºAž-.ž=ª–€ ,•2Ž



C.)oil improvement1 (ining area soil fertilizer through variousfertilizer measures, accelerate the reclamation of the land ofsoil maturation. The surface soil type of soil fertilizer, mainlthrough organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and plantigreen plants, realize the improvement of soil fertilizer2

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INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程（žŸ3B）

+šžŸ¯, vegetation choice

（ + “ ”）žŸ3B7ld Å}(£9Å矿‘ 的mH9Oµš’“的艺的…¯°4与矿ŽEC的}理ÑSšfåˆ‰š2¦环境‹”R9



艺的…¯°4与矿ŽEC的}理ÑS fåˆ‰ 2¦环境‹”R93B的60F

6egetation rebuild )hould ad*ust measures on local conditions and dif

hoosing trees species ,grass and techni"ues on mining should match t

geographic location, climate conditions and soil!rock environment to e

vegetation rebuild efficiency

（）‡Uv)£的žŸ/./º , ¯,ví好的/ ,O•–í¦÷¯"¯¼的ž=/7有œi的固™¦Äš:ˆM}š生-快

)7íišV˜í好šš›œªF Widely resources investigation on vegetation variety , and choose the varieties with good feasibility, resistin the laboratory2 )elected plant species should have strong ability of nfixation, developed root system, "uick production, high yield, strong adgood resistance and barren resistance.

‡西冶

INû 矿山}5环境ï治工程（žŸ3B）

$š˜!ß- slope planting

a. É¦˜!:…用ž客2ŸA’<F‘F b.25˜!:Š‹˜! …用’¡F‘ x´Ÿ或¢£.¤ªF‘



˜!:…用’¡F‘šx´Ÿ或¢£.¤ªF‘F

>ocks slope% a. hanging network and spraying method and put straw bags on tslope. b. directly spreading c. soil and rocks mi&ed slope% grass stick technispray(seeding and planting shrubs in the cave.

#š}ß- flat planting

a. Š‹ž.’FO保‚ßY2N¥小于 #)mm的}Á°9Š‹ž.¤9ß6与·˜生态‹)7的’}F b. Š‹žµZìFF

a. 5irectly planting shrubs, keeping the covered soil layer no less than 'Amshrubs and herbage seed on the ground, let grassland matched up to thecology b. forest planting

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!šß

-F‘ techni'ues for planting.（ " ）Š‹ž.’:O有o2Ì度2N的!Á°9Š‹ž.¤A’*lanting shrubs and herbage plants on the slope which within a certain t

（ $ ）¢ž.¤š¥本:U|工程–€†˜!ª高þ_ž¢（ò）/lanting shrubs or vine should combined engineering measures along t

line of the slope



line of the slope.

（ # ）x

´Ÿ:!Á

@

w9

将¯š1š>

5š保

d¦A

dªs

6¥浆ŽŸ§Ô˜!°F

%ormal spray1 when slope surface became smooth should mixed the sebase material with water to a certain scale then spraying on the slop

（ ! ）ž客2Ÿ hanging network spraying

ž客2Ÿ0N用客2¨`U¦A固žF‘9¾客2=1’©Õ´ö有º=1的R9¾2固‹šØ‹šf‹`于þ9/F

ÉšÉš¬Éš®Éš›¯Éš¦°ÉªF >efer to use oubinder and anchoring methods, make out Dsoil material close to thetrough blending with organic material ,make solid phase ,li"uid phaphase of soil came into balance .this techni"ue used for #ranite, sanshale ,gneiss, phyllite, limestone and so on

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IOû <&,算 expenditure estimat

矿山}5环境保护与治理#$<&,算::U矿山}5环理#$工程7œš工程Üh工程F‘xy9¡Œ‹ò#’9UF<&,算<矿山}5环境保护š8ïš治理#$š^kª



F<&,算<矿山}5环境保护 8ï 治理#$ ^kª

±šC计š^理ªØ‹&用F ccording to the mine geological environment protection and go

restoration pro*ect deployment, "uantities and engineering te

with reference to relevant standards, the budget estimate whic

including the mine geological environment protection, preven

management, monitoring and other direct costs and recovery design, supervision and other indirect costs.

‡西冶金研

IPû 0û8 benet ana#šþÿ0û8 social benet anal!sis

从þÿ{角度8p;u•1q或}%rþÿM„;#EÓ的²Çhp;与˜}þÿ环境的‹÷)*9µÈ‡å的þÿ0û+~Fe9´G4p;/uJu的þÿ;#hp;ü2的;的Uv8F的#’ H0e—;#或;的的•程度Feþÿ+~%n€Ÿ·



的#’9H0e—;#或;的的•程度Feþÿ+~%n€Ÿ· E…g9^æ´µvš¶·LMµvš¸1¹èLMœªF

From the perspective of sociology analysis program to realize the nationaldevelopment goals of contribution and influence, as well as the pro*ect social environment influence each other, known as generalized social beevaluation, /ro*ect for re"uirements for the application of this method,social goals and pro*ect established the purpose of the analysis. nd *usuccess or failure of the pro*ect standard, it is the realization of the goaThis kind of social evaluation method has been adopted by most intern

organizations, such as the world bank, sian development bank, 8ritaidevelopment, etc.

‡西冶金研

IPû 0û8 %š<=0û8 economic benet anal!sis （ + ）矿山}5环境治理工程0ï¨工程 , ï¨工程0ÇïO或¦M生的r¨bÈb4;的的工程Fï¨工程的<



O或¦M生的r¨bÈb4;的的工程 ï¨工程的<

®减¨0ûAÞ

•0ûõ78569ÕÇ

减¨0ûÈ

b9Þ

9或N有减¨0ûz有Þ•0ûF (ine geological environment governance pro*ect is disaster

engineering, disaster prevention engineering is to prevent anvarious disasters is or may be as the main purpose of the engeconomic benefits of disaster prevention pro*ect mainly consparts, disaster reduction and value!added benefits, and give pwith mitigation benefits, or only for disaster reduction withoadded benefits.

‡西冶金研

（）ï¨工程的减¨0û0j®于ï¨工程的BC¦减少的“ ”sŒ 有?u› 的mH9减¨0ûª于?ï¨工程X¨b¦Z

=j¬与有ï¨工程X¦Z6的Š‹<=j¬I¤F 5isaster prevention engineering for disaster reduction efficiency

construction of disaster prevention engineering are likely to redulosses ccording to the principle of 7with and without comparis



losses. ccording to the principle of with and without comparisdisaster prevention disaster reduction benefits when disasters madirect economic losses and disaster prevention pro*ect may causedifference between the direct economic losses.

（ 5 ）Þ•0û0j´ö矿山环境治理工程的•€¦Þh的G山8\jš}ß}Z\]的矿Ž ,}5环境治理ö程¸-生的¦2的Gû .

6alue!added benefits is to point to by the implementation of the m

environmental governance pro*ect may increase the revenue. )ucmountain damaged, landform destruction of mining area, the geoenvironmental governance process of ballast can obtain certain b

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IPû 0û8&š生态环境0û8 the benet of eco3environment

^^:´öu矿山}5环境的治理9¾生态环境··129\j山8-µ6½9Ÿ¹9矿Ž将6È¥MY的¾¿./F

Through to the mine geological environment governance, greatly improve the ecologenvironment, the damaged mountain green, a beautiful environment, fresh air anresources in the mining will be rare.



´öu矿山}5环境治理ALMBC9矿Ž生态环境将ÿ··12F’¤ÀÁ9

ÃÚš<ÚšÄG有³=59Þ?有ûÁÂ的ÅÆ=59从ôÔÇõ×f的lˆÇ固229减少d2§¬9Þh2的贮d¦ÄF矿Ž生态ˆ‰将nm#

保‚d2š%fåAÇõ·f的—¦9具有È·的生态环境0ûF area ecolgradually restore water conservation, conserving soil and water, ad*ust the functand purify the air, has enormous ecological environmental benefits.

8ased on mine geology environment management and development and construcimprove the mining area ecological environment. The lush, plant leaf can welcomsubstances, release the health benefits of antiseptic material, so as to purify the a

root system can be fixed sandy soil, reduce water loss and soil erosion, increase scapacity.

‡西冶金研



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‡西冶金研

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课程1：mine environmental protection.ppt

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