Soil Survey Analysis of Tehsil Panvel & Uran and Generation of Soil Health Card (SHC)

Block / Tehsil → Panvel

District → Raigarh

State → Maharashtra

Abstract: The soil samples collected from Panvel and Uran (Dist.Raigad) analysed on

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer showed that, the micronutrients Cu, Fe, Zn & Mn are

adequate within range of normal soil, while pH is neutral and salinity is in optimum range.

Carbon percentage ranges from low to medium. Potassium was higher in few soil samples

against normal range.

About Panvel and Uran:

For the last centuries farmers of Panvel and Uran are cultivating different rice varieties.

There has been fast growth population around Mumbai and increasing the human demand for

food crops like rice, maize among the others. In recent years, price for rice has increased with the

cost of production and cultivation. Rice is one of the most economic crop which is regarded as

best food used by almost every person.Panvel,Uran and nearby areas are famous for rice crop

varieties. In the current research and survey project, we have analyzed 1895 soil samples by nine

parameters. These are pH, Electrical conductance, organic carbon, phosphorous, potassium and

micronutrient analysis of Cu,Zn,Fe and Mn.We know that, Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe),

Manganese (Mn), and Zinc (Zn) are required by all plants for proper growth and productivity,

but only in very small amounts. Each has several important and specific functions in plant cell

metabolism and growth or in photosynthesis. Because they are needed in such small amounts

they are only rarely limiting to plant growth or productivity. With the exception of boron, all of

these micronutrients are metals, with similar chemistry in well drained soils. The availability of

all micronutrients to growing plants is very dependent on soil pH and organic matter content.

The availability of most metals increases as the soil pH decreases. Availability decreases as the

soil pH increases. Organic matter or humus will often the metals, which tends to increase or

maintain their availability to plants, even at higher pH levels. Organic matter also holds and

supplies boron in an available form to plants.

Experimental:

To calculate pHof the soil :

Digital pH meter (EQ-10) calibrated with the help of standard buffer solution of pH 4 and

7. 10 gram of 2 mm soil was taken in 100 ml beaker and 25 ml distilled water added so that the

ratio of soil and water is 1:2.5 proportions. The whole content stirred for half an hour. Then pH

readings were recorded.

To calculate Electrical conductance:

The digital conductometer (EQ-660A) was calibrated with the help of 0.1 N KCl . 20

gram of 2 mm soil taken in 100 ml clean beaker and 50 ml distilled water so that the ratio of soil

and water is 1: 2.5 proportion. The whole content stirred for half an hour. After decantation EC

readings were recorded.

To calculate the organic carbon:

1 gram of soil sample taken in 100 ml volumetric flask. 10 ml 1N potassium dichromate

and 20 ml concentrated H2SO4 added and stirred for 5 to 10 min. The mixture is allow to cool at

room temperature. Then readings were taken on digital spectrophotometer(EQ-820) at 660 nm.

To calculate phosphorous content:

The readings were recorded on digital spectrophotometer ( EQ-820) by calibrating with

blank solution. 2 mm 2.5 gram soil taken in 250 ml conical flask and 1 gram phosphate free

Darco was added. 50 ml sodium bicarbonate solution added and stirred for half an hour. Then it

was filtered on Whatmann filter paper number 41.

5 ml filtrate was taken in 25 ml volumetric flask and 1 ml 5N sulphuric acid followed by

2 to 4 drops p-nitro phenol solution was added till decolouration takes place. Then 5 ml ascorbic

acid solution was added so that pale blue colour solutions obtained and readings were recorded at

882 nm wavelength.

Determination of available Potassium:

5 gm 2 mm soil taken in 100 ml conical flask. Then 25 ml 1N ammonium acetate solution

was added and the content was stirred for 5 to 10 min. Then it was filtered by Whatmann number

41 and 5 ml filtrate was diluted to 25 ml volumetric flask. The Digital Flame Photometer ( EQ-

620) was calibrated with distilled water, 2 ppm and 10 ppm KCl solution.

Analysis of micronutrients by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer:

The readings were taken on AAS (AA-7000 Shimadzu) 10 gm 2 mm soil taken in 100

ml conical flask and 20 ml DTPA solution was added and stirred for 2 hours. The content was

filtered on Whatmann filter paper number 2 and 50 mL filtrate used for readings.

Hon.P.D.Shigedar, Deputy Agricuilure Officer,Raigad District and Hon.Principal Dr.Arun Andhale in distribution of Soil Health Card to Shri Kamalakar Dhondu Gharat in Kasalkhand on the eve of World Soil Day 05/12/2016.

Analysis Report:

In Uran Tehsil, soil analysis of 25 villages, pH range was found to be 6.01 to 7.5 and

only Kalambsure village has pH range 7.51 to 8.3.The electrical conductance observed less than

1dS/m. Organic carbon content in most soil samples ranged from 0.21 to 0.40 % while others

have 0.41 to 0.60 %.Available phosphorous in range of 15-21 kg/ha; and available potassium

more than 350 kg/ha.The micronutrient Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn observed in 8-48 ppm.

Soil analysis of 91 villages in Panvel Tehsil, pH range found to be 7.01 to 7.5.The

electrical conductance observed less than 1dS/m. Organic carbon content in most soil samples

ranged from 0.2 to 0.8%. Available phosphorous in range of 15-21 kg/ha; and available

potassium more than 201-250 kg/ha.The micronutrient Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn observed in 8-48 ppm.

Fertilizers Recommendation:

Mostly Paddy (Dhan) cultivation is practiced in Panvel and Uran Tehsil.About 10-15 t/ha

of compost fertilizer is recommended along with 250/ha of neem coated urea and 16%

granulated P2O5 in 525 kg/ha or Diammonium Phosphate (16:44:0) in 190 kg/ha can be

used.Muriate of Potash (KCl) in 28 kg/ha recommended.

Acknowledgement:

We are thankful to Alibaugh agricultural department for supplying soil samples and all

my colleagues,non teaching staff,students and Hon.Prin.Dr.Ganesh Thakur for constant support

throught this work.