1983 the Organism as the Subject and Object of Evolution
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Levins and Lewontin challenge the empiricist reductionism of contemporary Darwinism the likes of which inspire Dawkins and company through the introduction of dilalectis into biology itself. This happens throught the insertion of the "Nature and Nurture" debate into Nature itself, by differentiating between the pressures that organisms subjected to by their environments and the effects that these organisms have on their environment as well, in particular rearticulating the concept of ecological niche.