18 October 2006 Michel Petite 1 The Legal Service of the European Commission.
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Transcript of 18 October 2006 Michel Petite 1 The Legal Service of the European Commission.
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 1
The Legal Service of the European Commission
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 2
Human Resources Chart
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 3
The Legal Service: Caracteristics
• Internal and horizontal Service
• Directly under the President’s authority
• Mission is twofold:
1. Legal advise
2. Legal representative of the Commission
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 4
The Legal Service: Legal Advice
– The LS gives its opinions on all draft proposals (about 14 000 opinions in 2005).
– A positive opinion is necessary for the adoption of a Commission decision.
– The « College » may not take into account the LS opinion (political reasons).
– A negative opinion will push the Directorates general to find a solution.
– As a general rule, the legal advice is not made public.
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 5
The Legal Service: Functions
2. Legal representative of the Commission:
The LS is the only entity authorized to represent the
Commission before the Community Courts (Court
of Justice, Court of First Instance, Civil Service
Tribunal) and the national and international Courts
(World Trade Organisation).
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 6
Community litigation before
the Court of Justicethe Court of First Instance and
the Civil Service Tribunal
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 7
• 920 new cases• 468 before the Court of Justice,
– 218 preliminary rulings– 66 appeals
• 447 before the Court of First Instance (70 cases transferred to the Civil Service Tribunal)
• 5 EFTA cases
• 1950 pending cases (average)
Global number of cases in 2005
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 8
Community litigation New cases in 2005 by area
920 cases divided as :
020406080
100120140160
Civil s
ervic
e
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty
Enviro
nnem
ent
Taxatio
n
Agricu
lture
Compe
tition
Exter
nal R
elatio
ns
Free
mov
emen
t of w
or...
Socia
l pol
icy
Public
pro
cure
men
t
Trans
port
Custo
ms
Union
Inst
itutio
nal
Sturc
tura
l funds
Free
mov
emen
t of c
apita
l
Free
mov
emen
t of g
oods
JLS
Consu
mer
s' pr
otec
tion
Indu
stria
l poli
cy
Funda
ment
al rig
hts
Fisher
ies
Free
mov
emen
t of p
er...
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 9
Infringements of Community Law by
Member States
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 10
The infringement “cascade”
• Pending at 31/12/2005 : 3567
• Among the alleged infringements registered (2653 new registrations in 2005) ~ 60 % letters of formal notices
~ 40 % reasoned opinion ~ 10 % referrals to the Court
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 11
Pending infringements at 31/12/2005 by Member State
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 12
Pending infringements at 31/12/2005 by area
0200400600800
100012001400
Env
ironm
ent
Inte
rnal
Mar
ket
Hea
lth &
con
su...
Taxa
tion
& c
usto
ms
Em
ploy
., so
cial
af..
.E
nerg
y &
Tra
nspo
rtE
ntre
pris
esA
gric
ultu
reC
ompe
titio
nJu
stic
e &
hom
e af
f.In
form
atio
n so
ciet
yFi
sher
ies
Edu
catio
n &
Cul
ture
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 13
Preliminary rulings
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 14
Preliminary rulings by Member State (1952 – 2005)
0200400600800
1000120014001600
Germ
any
Italy
Fran
ce
Nethe
rland
s
Belgium
United
King
dom
Austri
a
Spain
Denm
ark
Greec
e
Luxe
mbo
urg
Sweden
Portu
gal
Irlan
d
Finla
nd
Hunga
ry
Polen
Czech
Rep
ublic
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 15
Preliminary rulings / Trends by area(1/1/1990 - 31/12/2005)
AGRICULTURE SOCIAL POLICY
TAXATION FREE MOVEMENT OF SERVICES
FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
05
10152025
3035404550
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
5
10
15
20
25
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 16
Direct cases
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 17
Won / Lost – Global
STATISTICS PRODUCED BY THE LS LITIGATION DATABASE: JUDGEMENT IN 2005/COMMISSION LITIGANT
COURT OF JUSTICE =402 AFF., CFI = 128 AFF.
COURT OF JUSTICE CFI
83 % WON
7% LOST4 % OTHER
6 % PARTIALLY WON
20 % LOST
74 % WON
6 % PARTIALLY WON
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 18
Litigation WTO(Dispute Settlement)
Pending cases 44
Commission as complaining party 15
Commission as responding party 19
Commission as third party 10
New cases registered in 2005 11
Reports during 2005 33
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 19
Number of cases initiated / defended by Member State
Complaining
Responding
0102030405060708090
100
US EC
Canad
aBra
zilIn
dia
Mex
ico
Japa
n
Korea
Thail
and
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 20
Dispute Settlement Activity(from 1995 until october 2005)
050
100150200250300350400
Requests forconsultations
Panelscomposed
Number ofdisputes
covered bypanels
composed
Panel Reportsadopted
Appealsnotified
Appellate BodyReportsadopted
18 October 2006 Michel Petite 21
WTO Cases involving ECOFFENSIVE CASES DEFENSIVE CASES
SOLVED WITHOUT PANEL RULING
EC LOST EC WON
35%
62%
3%
48%
14%
38%