• 17TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

(1865-1869)

Andrew Johnson

Family

• Born on December 29, 1808 in Raleigh, North Carolina

• Parents Mary McDonough and Jacob Johnson.

• His father died when Andrew was only 3 that left his family poor.

• His mother worked with spinning and weaving to support his family.

• Johnson married Eliza McCardle in 1827 & had 5 children; Martha, Charles, Mary, Robert, & Andrew Jr.

Background

• He was his mother’s assistant tailor at the age of 10 or 14.

• He worked as a tailor in South Carolina in the 1820’s after escaping to Tennessee with his brother.

• Because Johnson didn’t have formal education, he taught himself to read and write.

• Johnson was later taught algebra & writing skills from his wife.

Early Political Career

• He was elected Mayor of Tennessee in 1833.

• Elected in Tennessee House of Representatives in 1835.

• Elected Tennessee Senate in 1841.

• In Tennessee’s 1st Congressional district, he was the 1st Democratic representative.

• Elected Governor of Tennessee in 1853-1857

Quotes

If I am shot at, I want no man to be in the way of the bullet. -Andrew Johnson

Honest conviction is my courage; the Constitution is my guide.

-Andrew JohnsonSlavery exists. It is black in the South, and

white in the North.-Andrew Johnson

Andrew Johnson Cabinet Members

Executive Department  Secretary                    Service DatesSecretary of State William H. Seward*                   1865-69Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch*           1865-69Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton*                        1865-68John M. Schofield                                                      1868-69Attorney General James Speed*                              1865-66Henry Stanbery                                                          1866-68William M. Evarts                                                       1868-69Postmaster General William Dennison*                   1865-66Alexander W. Randall                                                1866-69Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles*                      1865-69Secretary of the Interior John P. Usher*                     1865James Harlan                                                             1865-66Orville H. Browning                                                     1866-69

Domestic Policy Issues

• Jackson did not have the same perspective on issues as Lincoln did, and many people were appalled especially in the concept of the federal power and the political views on the black, but then Many People liked Jackson because he showed his true colors.

• Jackson made most of government republicans, Also he made it easier to vote by dropping many "qualifications" requiered to vote; ei. religion

• There was a force Bill- The conflict with the Carolinas• The "Charters" of the Bank (2nd) were about to expire and

Nicholas Biddle mentioned how an extention would be best, but Jackson vetoed it.

• Presidential Reconstruction was his first stage. He needed to act quickly because congress had recessed, and so he came up with his own policies based on Lincolns old ideas. He made provisional governors enter the defeated states and made them draft new constitutions. In Jackson’s program, he wanted every Southern voter to swear on an oath of loyalty to obtain amnesty.  In the summer of 1865, Jackson brought forth all of the Confederate leaders back.

Foreign Policy Issues• Jackson was involved with several cases of foreign policy; he

wanted to expand American commerce, solve any problems with other countries, restore American prestige, and add on to the American territorial boundaries.

• One Issue was In 1846, when the affair with France over the Napoleonic era was settled. But even so there were many conflicts.  Jackson placed a proposal that France would pay 25 million Francis to the US and the US would pay however much back, and all would be neutral. They agreed, and so Jackson made a treaty but within that treaty there were many issues rising, so then France refused to pay the money. It wasn’t until Great Britain offered to be a mediator, in a sense, and then France decided to pay, only if they received an apology from Jackson. He said he wasn’t going to give one, then appealed to France’s better nature to avoid provocation. The French crisis was one of Jackson’s foreign accomplishments.

• Jackson’s attempt to gain Texas during his presidency did not happen, but he did manage to gain more territory for America, which was one of his goals.

•  “American exports increased more than 75 percent and imports grew 250 percent during Jackson's presidency.”

Successes

• The first political success was aristocratic element in Greenville where he held of the office of Alderman for 3 years.

• He was then promoted to Mayor for another 3 years.• 1834- Johnson secured his state a new constitution.• 1835- Johnson was elected to be part of the Tennessee

Legislation.• 1840-Johnson was one of the Presidential Electors from the

state.• 1841- Johnson was sent to the State Senate• 1843, 1845, 1847- Johnson was elected to Congress• 1853, 1855-Governer of Tennessee• 1857- United States Senator for a term of 6 years• 1862- Military governor of Tennessee by Lincoln• 1864-Elected Vice President of the Unites States• 1865- President of the United States after Lincoln was

assassinated.

Failures

• Andrew Johnson attempted to bring Tennesse into the Union but was unsuccessful

• He was elected to the state legislature but was defeated in 1837.

•  At the Democratic Convention, Johnson was defeated by Horatio Seymour of New York.

• The struggle to restore the Union after the Civil War became so embittered that the House of Representatives impeached him and he was tried before the United States Senate.

• With struggles, post civil war, Johnson vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau and Civil Rights Bills, but Congress overrode both vetoes.

Legacy

• Andrew Johnson is known to be the worst person to serve as president at the end of the Civil War.

• He was the greatest failure of all presidents in making a satisfying and just peace.

• Johnson is also remembered and known for his faliure in Reconstruction and his inability to solve the race problem in the South/ America.

•  On the contrary, some people consider him a mistreated president who should get credit for helping preserve the union, but many think less of him.

Andrew Johnson kicks out Freedmen's Bureau with his Veto as there's black people coming out of it.

One word slide

Unfortunate     

 • Although Johnson was an

honorable and honest man, was unfortunate especially because he was arrayed against by the Radical Republicans in congress, in which Johnson was no match for them.

Impact on current events

• Johnson's strong commitment to obstructing political and civil rights for blacks is principally responsible for the failure of Reconstruction to solve the race problem in the South and perhaps in America as well

• His opposition to the Freedmen's Bureau Bill, the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the Fourteenth Amendment eliminated all hope of using presidential authority to affect further compromises favorable to his position. In the end, Johnson did more to extend the period of national strife than he did to heal the wounds of war.

Group Members

• Nancy Chavez (period 5)• Alejandra Jimenez (period 5)• Cynthia Pina (period 1)

Bibliography

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Johnson• http://www.delsjourney.com/images/news/news_01-07-14/1-3294-Andrew-

Johnson.jpg pic• http://allisonkilkenny.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/tennessee.jpg tennessee• http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/andrew_johnson.html -quote• http://mario239303.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/gun.jpg• http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_152/1180444708Xie7GE.jpg• http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/links/constitution.jpg• http://www.google.com/search?

hl=en&q=eliza+mccardle+johnson&aq=0&aql=&aqi=g1g-s1g-sx8&oq=Eliza+mccar• http://www.impeach-andrewjohnson.com/03backgroundofaj/i-10.htm• http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/johnson/essays/biography/9• http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Washington-Johnson/Andrew-Jackson-Foreign-

affairs.html • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.impeach-

andrewjohnson.com/ListOfCartoons/KickingFreedmensBureauCrop480.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.

       impeachandrewjohnson.com/