Vol. 175, No. 4029

LETTERS ORSA and the ABM: T. Botts; W. E. Strope; B. L. Schwartz; Highway TravelSubsidies: W. Vickrey; An "Abundance of Fish": P. S. Miller;Multinational Journals: G. Cilento ...................................... 1417

EDITORIAL Collective Bargaining on Campus: A. B. Grobman ............................ 1421

ARTICLES Nimbus IV View of the Major Structural Features of Alaska: E. H. Lathram ...... 1423

Measurement Structures and Psychological Laws: D. H. Krantz .... .............. 1427

Capillary Tube Scanning Applied to Cell Growth Kinetics: N. M. Braslowand R. L. Bowman .................................................. 1436

NEWS AND COMMENT H. G. Stever: Science Moguls, President Reward a Favorite Son .... ............ 1441

Blood Banking: Tangled System Resists Swift Change .......................... 1444

French Science Policy: Problems of "Leveling Off".............................. 1446

RESEARCH NEWS Astronomy: TV Cameras Are Replacing Photographic Plates ................... 1448

BOOK REVIEWS Kinship and Culture, reviewed by R. A. Paul; Experimental CoelenterateBiology, C. Hand; Ionic Interactions, J. S. Newman; Annual Reviewof Materials Science, G. Lucovsky; Endocrines and Osmoregulation,W. H. Sawyer; Optical Holography, B. J. Thompson; Books Received;New Journals Received ......... ...................................... 1450

REPORTS Red Sea Hot Brine Area: Revisited: D. A. Ross .............................. 1455

Magnetic Noise Preceding the August 1971 Summit Eruption of Kilauea Volcano:G. V. Keller, D. B. Jackson, A. Rapolla .................................. 1457

Buried Caldera of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii: S. C. Porter .................... 1458

B3OARD OF DIRECTORS MINA REES GLENN T. SEABORG LEONARD M. RIESER 0DAID BLACKWELL LEWIS M. BRANSCORetiring President, Chairman President President-Elect RICHARD H. BOLT BRRY COMMONER

VICE PRESIDENTS AND MATHEMATICS (A) PHYSICS (B) CHEMISTRY (C) ASTRONOMY (D)SECTION*SECRETAiRIES0F.A.FickeJohnW. Tukey Herbert Friedman Martin Paul George B. Field

F. A. Ficken Rolf N. Sinclair Leo SchubertAroULadt

PSYCHOLOGY (I) SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES (K) HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCEHDaleB. arris James S. Coleman Everett Mendelsohn: ~~~~~William D. Garvey Harvey Sapolsky 0iamnJ.See

:: PHARMACEUtICAL: SCIENCES (Np) AGRICULTURE (0) iNDUSTRA SCIENCE (P) EDUCAION (Q)Linwood F. Tice Roy: L. Lovon Jacob E. tGoldman: Lloyd K. JohnsonJohn Autian Michael A. Farrell Jordan 0. Lewis: Phillip R. Fordyce

:DIVISIONS ALASKA DIVISION PACtIFIC DIVISION :SOUTlHWESTERN AND ROCK(Y MOUNTAIN DIVISI0 :: ~~Gordonl Hafrrison Irma Duncan Roy A. Younig XRobert . Miller John R. ILecher Marlowe G. Anderson

President Executive Secretary President Secretary President Executive Secretary

:::::SCIEN.CE is fpublished weekly, excep: ithe m it wei k 0ii December, 1 ut with i extra isse:0on th h0irdTuhesday tin November, by 3:the American Association for the AdvncemntS00000000ciene 15150Massachusttsi0Ave., lii f WiiYi gtc ri .iC. 20005. 1 ~wcoe iadit hifa:SScn ivMnllU. Seond-clas ptgeS pad :at Washington,D.C. Copyight @ 1972the Amrca socaioo theA cna tod ne. Annual ubcipt ) oeg otg4 mrcs$;oeseas ;ir freijh toEuop, othAfIc,er East I

AMZXWANAS#OCR&flQX 703 TUE AIWMCUMEVT 01~~~~~~~~~~~WSCI11iECE

Amino Acid Composition of Planktonic Foraminifera: A PaleobiochemicalApproach to Evolution: K. King, Jr., and P. E. Hare .............1461

Chemical Methods for Removing Radon and Radon Daughters from Air:L. Stein ...............................1463

High-Temiperature Superconductors, the First Ternary System:B. T. Matthias et al...........................1465

Genetic Variation in Human Erythrocyte Acetyicholinesterase: P. M. Coates andN. E. Simpson ..................... ......1466

Expression of the Mammalian X Chromosome before and after Fertilization:C. J. Epstein .............................1467

Sex Pheromones of Summer Fruit Tortrix Moth Adoxophyes orana: Two SynergisticIsomers: G. M. Meijer et all.......................1469

Cortical Afferen-ts to the Entorhinal Cortex of the Rhesus Monkey:G. W. Van Hoesen, D. N. Pandya, N. Butters ...............1471

Transfer Factor from Guinea Pigs Sensitive to Dinitroohlorobenzene: Absence ofSuperantigen Properties: D. R. Burger, R. M. Vetto, A. Malley ........ 1473

Active Transport -of Potassium and Chloride in an Iden-tifiableMolluscan Neuron: J. M. Russell anid A. M. Brown ............1475

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (Indiana Serotype): Transovarial Transmission byPhlelbotomine Sandfiies: R. B. Tesh, B. N. Chaniotis, K. M. Johnson .....1477

GABA Catabolism: Localization of Succinic Semialdeihyde Dehydrogenase in BrainMotor and Sensory Nuclei: K. L. Sims, H. A. Weitsen, F. E. Bloom ......1479

Noncytokinetic Radiation Injury: Anticoagulants as RadioprotectiveAgents in Experimental Radiation Hepatitis: J. K'inzie et al...........1481

Griseofulvin: A Teratogenic Study: M. F. Klein and J. R. Beall..........1483Meiosis in Triploid All-Female Fish (Poeciliopsis, Poecilfidae):

M. C. Cimino.............................1484A Visual Pigment with Two Physiologically Active Stable States:

P. Hillman, S. Hochstein, B. Minke ...................14836Response Dec-rements in the Cochlear Nucleus of Decerebrate Cats during

Repeated Acoustic Stimulation: G. L. Humphrey and J. S. Buchwald......1488Silk Moth Eclosion: Hormonal Triggering of a Centrally Programmed Pattern of

Behav-ior: J. W. Truman and P. 0. Sokolove................1491Human Motor Cortex: Sen-sory Input Data from Sin-gle Ne-uron Recordings:

S. Goldring and R. Ratcheson ......................1493

'WARD14.00ENOVJGH DANIEL P. MOYNIHAN~ ~WILLIAM T.GLE WILLIAM BEVANCARYLP.HAKIN$ HYLLIS V.W PARKINS~~ Traure Eeutive Ofcer

GEOLOGY AND. GEOGRAH (E BOLOGICAL SCIENCES (FG) ANTHROPOLOGY (H) COVERFrankC.Whitmore ~Iani~SUse Richiard N. Adams

William E. Benson Richrd~J.Gos Anthony LeedsEGNEING. (M) ~ MEDICAL SCIENCES (N) DENTISTRY (Nd) View of Alaska from space on a rare,Newmani A. Hall Roer W. Brlnrosh LEHenr cloud-free day. Snow blankets, mudh

31 March 1972, Volume 175, Number 4029 SCIENCE

Collective Bargaining on CampusAMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR

THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE Elections for the selection of a bargaining representative have occurred

Science serves its readers as a forum for the on a number of campuses, and about 10 percent of faculty members,presentation and discussion of important issues nationally, now seem to be represented by a bargaining group. Addi-related to the advancement of science, including tional elections are certain to be held in the near future. Many ofthe presentation of minority or confficting pointsof view, rather than by publishing only material these elections are likely to be contested closely, if three concludedon which a consensus has been reached. Accord-ingly, all articles published in Science-including recently are reliiable indicators: the University of Rhode Island (293editorials, news and comment, and book reviews faculty members voted for the American Association of University-are signed and reflect the individual views of theauthors and not official points of view adopted by Professors to represent them; 289 voted against a representative);the AAAS or the institutions with which the authors Fordham University (no representative, 236; AAUP, 222); and Man-

hattan College (no representative, 130; AAUP, 121).Editorial Board It is difficult to anticipate the impact of collective bargaining on a

ALFRED BROWN FRANK PRESS university campus. Clearer definitions of procedures are likely to emergeJAMES F. CRow FRANK W. PUTNAM with our growing experience during the next few years, but evaluationTHOMAs KUHN WALTER 0. ROBERTS of the long-term effect is much less clear. Certainly the industrial union,ELLIorrf W. MONTROLL

1973 which has been so markedly successful in bettering the conditions of its

H. S. GUTOWSKY GARDNER LINDZEY members, does not constitute a useful model. Reduced to simplest terms,ARTHUR D. HASLER RAYMOND H. THOMPSoN management and labor, in the industrial model, negotiate for a favorableRUDOLF KOMPFNER EDWARD 0. WILSON share of the profits in their joint production, as well as for an equitableDANIEL E. KosHLAND, JR.

grievance procedure. But it is not clear on a university campus what isEditorial Staff "profit" and how it is to be shared. In fact, it is not even clear what the

EditorPHILIP H. ABELSON academic analogs to "management" and "labor" would be. For example,

Publisher Business Manager in campus contracts negotiated so far, department chairmen are some-WILLIAM BEVAN HANS NUSSBAUM times categorized as management, sometimes as labor.Managing Editor: ROBERT V. ORMESnassisant Editors: ELLENT E. MIRMES JOHNE.In a state university the question becomes even more clouded. DoesAssistant Editors: ELLeN E. MURPHY, JOHN E.

RINGLE the bargaining team for the faculty negotiate with the university admin-Assistant to the Editor: NANCY TEIMOURIAN istration, with the state board of higher education, with the state comp-News and Comment: JOHN WALSH, DEBORAH SHAP- troller, with the state legislature, or with all of them?

LEY, ROBERT GILLETTE, NICHOLAS WADE, CONSTANCEHOLDEN, SCHERRAINE MACK If an industrial model is not appropriate, the model of the public em-Research News: ALLEN L. HAMMOND, WILLIAM ployees' union is only slightly more so. Of course the lack of a clear

D. METZ preexisting pattern that could be emulated does not mean that thereBook Revwiews: SYLVIA EBERHART, KATHERIN E LIV-

INGSTON, KATHRYN MOUTON is no place for collective bargaining on the campus. It does imply thatCover Editor: GRAYCE FINGER a different scenario must be envisaged and a new role must be createdEditorial Assistants: MARGARET ALLEN, ISABELLA for the collective bargaining team that is to represent the faculty.

BOULDIN, BLAIR BURNS, ELEANORE BUTZ, RONNACLINE, ANNETTE DIAMANTE, MARY DORFMAN, JUDITH Should negotiations be limited to salaries and fringe benefits whichGIVELBER, MARLENE GLASER, CORRINE HARRIS, OLIVER usually seem to ibe the first goals of collective bargaining on campus?HEATWOLE, CHRISTINE KARLIK, MARSHALL KATHAN,MARGARET LLOYD, JANE MINOR, DANIEL RABOVSKY, Salaries and benefits infringe upon questions of tenure, promotion, re-PATRICIA ROWE, LEAH RYAN, LOIS SCHMIT, RICHARD appointment, teaching loads, class schedules, parking, and a host ofSOMMER, YA LI SWIGART, ALICE THEILE,..MMER, Recritmen:ALE,ONARCWRA;ISu other issues. If these matters are to be subject to negotiation, in wholeMembership Recruitment: LEONARD WRAY; Sub-

scriptions: BErTE SEEMUND; Addressing: THOMAS or in part, what then will be the role of traditional faculty governance?BAZAN Are the current responsibilities of the department personnel committees,

Advertising Staff college promotions and appointment committees, and university senatesDirector Production Manager to 'be slhared with, or relinquished to, the faculty bargaining agent?EARL J. SCHERAGO BONNIE SEMEL To put the question differently, will we replace the traditional collegial

Advertising Sales Manager: RICHARD L. CHARLES decision-making on campus, flawed though it is, with a series of nego-Sales: NEW YORK, N.Y. 10036: Herbert L. Burklund, tiations between adversary groups? Or will campuses develop two11 W. 42 St. (212-PE-6-1858); SCOTCH PLAINS, NJ.07076: C. Richard Callis, 12 Unami Lane (201-889- parallel and competing systems of governance, and, if so, how are4873); MEDFIELD, MASS. 02052: Richard M. Ezequelle, powers and responsibilities to be distributed between them?4 Rolling Lane (617-444-1439); CHICAGO, ILL. 60611:John P. Cahill, Room 2107, 919 N. Michigan Ave. The legitimate facuilty grievances that 'arise on campuses from time to(312-DE-7-4973; BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF. 90211: Winn time must be adjudicated, and few ipeople would suggest that our present

machinery for resolving such grievances has been perfected. The moreEDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE: 1515 Massa-chusetts Ave., NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Phones: inclusive, and more important, question we must debate is whether we(Area code 202) Central office: 467-4350; Book Re- will make our universities better institutions of higher education byviews: 467-4367; Business Office: 467-4411; Circula-tion: 467-4417; Guide to Scientific Instruments: 467. bringing onto our campuses from the larger communlity t,he machinery

4480;ssines and43Cment:e46r7-4430; Reprints and of collective bargaining, with all of its accouterments. Will we be ex-Reviewing: 467-4440. Cable: Advancesci, Washington. ploiting conflicts to increase divisiveness on campus, or will we beCopies of "Instructions for Contributors" can be..obtained from the editorial office. See also page xv, negotiating cooperatively to improve the academic community? BluntlyScicnce, 24 December 1971. ADVERTISING COR- pUt, on balance, will collective bargaining on campus be constructiveRESPONDENCE: Room 1740, 11 W. 42 St., New adcetv rdsrcieaddmrlzn?ANL .GOMNYork, N.Y. 10036. Phone: 212-PE-6-158.an raveo etutv addmrling-ANL B.GOM ,

Offie of the Dean, Rutgers College, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903