17 th May, 2013 CNRS INEE - FRE3484 BioMEA , Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, FRANCE
33
Estimation of primary production at high frequency using multi-parametric relationships between PAM measurements and carbon incorporation 17 th May, 2013 CNRS INEE - FRE3484 BioMEA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, FRANCE [email protected] C. NAPOLÉON , P.CLAQUIN 45 th International Liège Colloquium
description
45 th International Liège Colloquium. Estimation of primary production at high frequency using multi-parametric relationships between PAM measurements and carbon incorporation. 17 th May, 2013 CNRS INEE - FRE3484 BioMEA , Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, FRANCE - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of 17 th May, 2013 CNRS INEE - FRE3484 BioMEA , Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, FRANCE
Estimation of primary production at high frequency using multi-parametric relationships between PAM measurements and carbon incorporation
17th May, 2013
CNRS INEE - FRE3484 BioMEA, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, [email protected]
C.NAPOLÉON, P.CLAQUIN
45th International Liège Colloquium
2
Every trophic level relies on Primary production
Why the primary production ?
Phytoplankton
Why the English Channel ?
English Channel a strategic area only few data
3Position of stations used for the validation of the MIRO&CO model. Lacroix et al. (2007)
4
Portsmouth
Ouistreham
Normandie Brittany Ferries
Ouistreham Portsmouth
Method
5
- 4 m
Method
Normandie Brittany Ferries
Ouistreham Portsmouth
6
Nutrients (DIN, DIP, DSi)Chl a
Suspension MatterPhytoplankton species (pico, nano, micro)
Water flow
TemperatureTurbiditySalinity
Mul
ti-pa
ram
eter
s Pr
obe
Method Light
The PAM method
7
Method
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+NADP+
e-
e-
Fd
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
Fluorescence variation of the PSII
Production of electrons
Nutrients (DIN, DIP, DSi)Chl aSPM
Phytoplankton species (pico, nano micro)
Water flow
TemperatureTurbiditySalinity
Mul
ti-pa
ram
eter
s Pr
obe
Method
8
Solenoid valves interface
Solenoid valve
emitter-detector
unit
PAM Control Unit
Dark tank
100ml
9
ETRmax
Maximal electron transport rate
αMaximal light utilization efficiency
Fast (10 minutes)EconomicNon invasiveAutomatic
The PAM method
Method
Chl a(µg.L-1)
Dec 09
Jan 1
0
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N
0.400.631.001.582.513.98
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
0.63
0.63
0.40
1.00
1.00
1.58
1.581.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
2.51
2.51
2.51
1.00
1.00
3.98
1.001.58
Dec 09
Jan 1
0
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ETRmax
(µmol electrons.L-1.h-1)
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4 4
4
46
6
6
6
2
8
88
810
10
2
1212
14
4
4
1612
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
2
4
2
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
December 2010November 2009
Ouistreham Portsmouth
10
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
11Dec
09
Jan 1
0
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ETRmax
(µmol electrons.L-1.h-1)
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4 4
4
46
6
6
6
2
8
88
810
10
2
1212
14
4
4
1612
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
2
4
2
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
December 2010November 2009
High frequency BUT Production of electrons!NOT Carbon incorporation!
Can we use high frequency ETR measurements to estimate carbon incorporation at high frequency?
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
12
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+NADP+
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
Fluorescence variation of the PSII
Production of electrons
13C
Carbon incorporation
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Calvin cycle
Fd
e-
The photosynthetron
Ligh
t
13
13C
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
14
PAM 13C• Fast (10min)• Economic• Non invasive• Automatic
• Does not give access to the carbon incorporation
Disadvantage
Advantages• Gives access to the carbon incorporation
• Requires a long time of incubation (3h)• Costly
Disavantages
Advantage
High frequency measurements
Low frequency measurements
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
15
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+NADP+
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
Fluorescence variation of the PSII
Production of electrons
13C
Carbon incorporation
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Calvin cycle
Fd
e-
Factor ?
16
ETR
C
C = f(ETR)
ETR
C
Relationship?
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
17
What kind of relationship?
Logarithmic relationship
More electrons needed to fix 1 mole of C.
Photoregulation at high light to protect the cell from
photoinhibition by damages
Alternative electron sinks-cyclic electron flow around PSI, PSII
-Mehler reaction-Reduction of nitrate
-Photorespiration
C = 0.1503 + 0.0496 * ln(ETR)
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
18
Influence of physicochemical and biological parameters?What kind of relationship?
In situ
Logarithmic relationship
C = 0.1503 + 0.0496 * ln(ETR)
C = f(ETR) + a*v1 + b*v2 + ….
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Physicochemical parameters?Biological parameters?
19
In situ
- (0.319 * DIP) + (0.000166 * PAR)
C = 0.2082+0.0496 * ln(ETR)
C = 0.2082+0.0496 * ln(ETR) - (0.319 * DIP) + (0.000166 * PAR)
Influence of physicochemical and biological parameters?
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Dec 09
Jan 1
0
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ETRmax
(µmol electrons.L-1.h-1)
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4 4
4
46
6
6
6
2
8
88
810
10
2
1212
14
4
4
1612
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
2
4
2
Pmax
(µmol C.L-1.h-1)
Dec 09
Jan 1
0
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.25
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.30
0.20
0.20
0.30
0.300.25
0.25
0.25
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.150.15
0.15
0.10
0.100.05
December 2010November 2009
Can we use high frequency ETR measurements to estimate the carbon incorporation at high resolution
YES !
However, difficulties to discriminate parameters in in situ studies
DIP and light = good integrator of other parameters?
20C = 0.2082+0.0496 * ln(ETR) - (0.319 * DIP) + (0.000166 * PAR)
BUT…
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Ouistreham (FR)
Portsmouth (GB)
21
Diatom cells(cells.L-1)
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N31621000031623100000316228
3162
3162
3162
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
31623
31623
31623
31623100000
100000
31623
31623
100000
100000
C.e(mol C.mol electron-1)
Fev 10
Mar 10
Avr 10
Mai 10
Juin
10
Juil 1
0
Aout 1
0
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
0.15
0.15
0.150.15 0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.200.20
0.15
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.200.10
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
December 2010January 2010
Ouistreham Portsmouth
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Variability of C.e ?
ᶲC.e = P (carbon incorporation) / ETR
22
C.e(mol C.mol electron-1)
Fev 10
Mar 10
Avr 10
Mai 10
Juin
10
Juil 1
0
Aout 1
0
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
0.15
0.15
0.150.15 0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.200.20
0.15
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.200.10
Dinoflagellate cells(cells.L-1)
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N103210031610003162
32
32
32100
10032
32
100
100
316
316
316
316
316
100
1000
1000
1000
1000
3162
3162
3162
10001000
3162
316
1000
1000
1000
316
100
100
32
32
1000
316
316
10
10
316
316
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
December 2010January 2010
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Variability of C.e ?
Ouistreham PortsmouthᶲC.e = P (carbon incorporation) / ETR
23
C.e(mol C.mol electron-1)
Fev 10
Mar 10
Avr 10
Mai 10
Juin
10
Juil 1
0
Aout 1
0
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
0.15
0.15
0.150.15 0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.200.20
0.15
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.200.10
Pico et nanophytoplancton(cells.mL-1)
Fev 10
Mar 10
Avr 10
Mai 10
Juin
10
Juil 1
0
Aout 1
0
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
5012631079431000012589158491995325119
7943
7943
10000
10000
10000
10000
1000010000
10000
10000
12589
12589
12589
12589
12589
12589
7943
19953
15849
15849
15849
15849
15849
19953
19953
19953
19953
19953
25119
25119
79437943
7943
7943
1995315849
12589
12589
10000
10000
7943
6310
63106310
7943
6310
6310
5012
6310
7943
Dinoflagellate cells(cells.L-1)
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N103210031610003162
32
32
32100
10032
32
100
100
316
316
316
316
316
100
1000
1000
1000
1000
3162
3162
3162
10001000
3162
316
1000
1000
1000
316
100
100
32
32
1000
316
316
10
10
316
316
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
December 2010January 2010
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Variability of C.e ?
Ouistreham PortsmouthᶲC.e = P (carbon incorporation) / ETR
24
Pico et nanophytoplancton(cells.mL-1)
Fev 10
Mar 10
Avr 10
Mai 10
Juin
10
Juil 1
0
Aout 1
0
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
5012631079431000012589158491995325119
7943
7943
10000
10000
10000
10000
1000010000
10000
10000
12589
12589
12589
12589
12589
12589
7943
19953
15849
15849
15849
15849
15849
19953
19953
19953
19953
19953
25119
25119
79437943
7943
7943
1995315849
12589
12589
10000
10000
7943
6310
63106310
7943
6310
6310
5012
6310
7943
Dinoflagellate cells(cells.L-1)
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N103210031610003162
32
32
32100
10032
32
100
100
316
316
316
316
316
100
1000
1000
1000
1000
3162
3162
3162
10001000
3162
316
1000
1000
1000
316
100
100
32
32
1000
316
316
10
10
316
316
DIP(µmol.L-1)
Feb 10
Mar 10
Apr 10
May 10
Jun 1
0Ju
l 10
Aug 10
Sep 10
Oct 10
Nov 10
Dec 10
49.4°N
49.6°N
49.8°N
50.0°N
50.2°N
50.4°N
50.6°N
0.160.250.400.631.001.58
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
0.63
December 2010January 2010
Portsmouth (GB)
Ouistreham (FR)
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Variability of C.e ?
Ouistreham PortsmouthᶲC.e = P (carbon incorporation) / ETR
Small cells = high surface/volume
25
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
Variability of C.e ?
Low DIP concentrations
High ᶲC.e
= 0.2082+0.0496 * ln(ETR) - (0.319 * DIP) + (0.000166 * PAR)
DIP = good integrator of the effect of small cells on ᶲC.e
ᶲC.e = P (carbon incorporation) / ETR
26
ETR
C
The shape of the relationship between PAM measurements and carbon incorporation is logarithmic due to alternative electron sinks at high light.
Using a multi-parametric model, we can obtain a good estimation of the carbon incorporation at a high spatio-temporal scale, coupling low frequency measurements of carbon incorporation, and high frequency measurements of ETR.
The study also highlights the importance of taking into account the functional group into the estimation of C.e and particularly the dynamics of small cells.
Alternative electrons sinks
Main results
C
ETR
Thank you for your attention !!
29
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carboxylase
Oxygenase
RUBISCO
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+NADP+
e-
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Fd
30
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carboxylase
Oxygenase
RUBISCO
NADP+
e-
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Fd
Cyclic electron flow around PSI
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+
Cyclic electron flow around PSII
31
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carboxylase
Oxygenase
RUBISCO
NADP+
e-
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Fd
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+
Mehler reaction
O2- H2O2 H2O
O2
32
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carboxylase
Oxygenase
RUBISCO
NADP+
e-
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Fd
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+
NO-2
NO-3
Nitrate reductase
33
H+
H+
PSII PSI
Carboxylase
Oxygenase
RUBISCO
NADP+
e-
e-
O2 + H+H2O
ATP ADP+Pi
ATPase STROMA
LUMEN
Calvin cycle
CO2
How to estimate primary production at high frequency ?
What kind of relationship ?
Fd
Carbohydrates
NADPH + H+
Photorespiration O2CO2
