18-04-23

Challenge the future

DelftUniversity ofTechnology

Cooperative Cognitive Plane forPersonal Networks

Wireless and Mobile Communications

2Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 2

Personal Networks: Homecare Scenario

Ecma TC32 PN&F Editing Group, “Personal Networks and their Federations,” Ecma Technical Report, 2009.http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/TC32-PNF-M.htm

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Why cognitive?

• Need to produce decisions in the presence of• incomplete, inconsistent, maybe misleading or malicious

information• conflicting or inconsistent high-level objectives• drastically/instantaneously changing operational conditions• high complexity, • increased number of tunable parameters• spatial and temporal dynamics

C. Fortuna, M. Mohorcic, “Trends in the development of communication networks: Cognitive networks,” Computer Networks, vol 53, no 9, June 2009, pp.1354-1376

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Cooperation in Personal Networks

Connectivity Level

Network Level

ServicesLevel

PersonalNetwork

CommunicationalCooperation

OperationalCooperation

SocialCooperation

FederatedServices

Objectives

Physical vicinity

Virtual vicinity

Location independent

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Cognitive Control Plane (CCP)

• Scene analysis: observes the users, devices, networks, spectral resources…• Recognizes the parameters, measures, assertions and produces conclusions through explanations• Acts: does the reasoning, optimization, adaptation, learning…• Evolves continuously…

Resources

Service Level

Network Level

Connectivity Level

Cognitive Control Plane

Cro

ss-l

ayer

Local/RemoteContext/Policy

Database

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Benefits of CCP

• reduces the complexity, • increases manageability, • increases usability, • supports application/service portability and compatibility,• enhances security/dependability, • enables evolutionary advancement of the technologies

without impacting the users.

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Research challenges• Context acquisition, what should be sensed and correlated?• Knowledge/experience routing among cognitive elements• Fault diagnosis and mitigation• Support for users/applications beyond suggestions• Security and trust relations among cognitive elements• Analysis of emergent behavior: conflicts b/w endogenous and exogenous

components• Autonomic self-* mechanisms• Analysis of stigmergy of cognitive elements• Distributed/centralized or semi-distributed decision making?• Scalability?• Policies/rules derivation, to which extend the n/w administrator should be in the

loop? Governance model?• …

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Stigmergy – source wikipedia

• Stigmergy is a mechanism of spontaneous, indirect coordination between agents or actions, where the trace left in the environment by an action stimulates the performance of a subsequent action, by the same or a different agent.

• Stigmergy is a form of self-organization. • It produces complex, apparently intelligent structures, without

need for any planning, control, or even communication between the agents.

• As such it supports efficient collaboration between extremely simple agents, who lack any memory, intelligence or even awareness of each other

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References• C. Fortuna, M. Mohorcic, “Trends in the development of communication

networks: Cognitive networks,” Computer Networks, vol 53, no 9, pp.1354-1376, Jun. 2009.

• D.D. Clark, C. Partrige, J.C. Ramming, J.T. Wroclawski, "A knowledge plane for the internet", in Proc. of the SIGCOMM 2003, Karlsruhe, Germany, August 25–29, 2003.

• R.W. Thomas, Cognitive Networks, Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, June 15, 2007.

• R.W. Thomas, D.H. Friend, L.A. Dasilva and A.B. Mackenzie, "Cognitive networks: adaptation and learning to achieve end-to-end performance objectives," Communications Magazine, IEEE , vol.44, no.12, pp.51-57, Dec. 2006