16 vi 06Program Review Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology KIPAC Strategic...
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16 vi 06 Program Review
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
KIPAC Strategic Overview D(OE)Day 2006
Roger D. Blandford
26 vi 06 Program Review
FKB Dedication
* March 17 2006* 3yr. after Inauguration* Reps Eshoo & Honda* Fred Kavli speech in
Congressional Record
36 vi 06 Program Review
Physics-Astrophysics Building
* Complete July* Move August* Share w HEPL* 2 floors labs* 2 floors offices* Campus center* Retain offices on 2nd, 3rd floor Varian* Fast link with FKB
* Primary offices, secondary space
46 vi 06 Program Review
Personnel* 33 Full Members* 6 Associate Members* 20 Postdocs* 36 students (including rotators and students of members)
5 New Joint Faculty Members2 Senior, 3 Junior
56 vi 06 Program Review
Transitions
* Departures– Five postdocs have faculty positions!
• Frolov, [Lyutikov], Peterson, Sako, Spitkovsky– Marshall->UCSB TABASGO Fellowship– Three grad students -> postdocs
* Arrivals– Offer to joint theory assistant professor– Jha - Panofsky Fellow– Eight new postdocs (three GLAST)
• Alvarez, Escala, Funk, Kazantzides, Nagataki, Oguri, Paneque, Stawarz
– Seven new grad students admits declare interest in astrophysics
66 vi 06 Program Review
Risa Wechsler (Fall 2006)
* New Assistant Professor* Galaxy Formation and Growth of Structure* Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago* Numerical simulations and data analysis ofSloan Digital
Sky Survey Data* Dark Energy Survey Team Member* Non-programmatic search* Felicitously a programmatic appointment as ideal
person to phenomenological support of LSST* Also some particle physics background* Very interested in teaching and outreach activity
Next Searches (Provisional): Junior Experimental Physicist, GLAST physics
76 vi 06 Program Review
KIPACKIPACKIPACKIPACDirector
R. BlandfordDirector
R. Blandford
Deputy DirectorS. Kahn
Deputy DirectorS. Kahn
KIPAC PHYSICS
S. Allen R. BlandfordV. Petrosian
KIPAC PHYSICS
S. Allen R. BlandfordV. Petrosian
COMPUTINGT. Abel
S. Marshall
COMPUTINGT. Abel
S. Marshall
LSSTS. Kahn
K. Gilmore
LSSTS. Kahn
K. Gilmore
GLASTPHYSICS
R. BlandfordE. Bloom
GLASTPHYSICS
R. BlandfordE. Bloom
GLASTISOC
R. CameronS.Kahn
GLASTISOC
R. CameronS.Kahn
SNAPW. CraigSNAPW. Craig
ENTERPRISEB. CabreraS. ChurchT. Kamae
ENTERPRISEB. CabreraS. ChurchT. Kamae
SLACPPA Division
SLACPPA Division
PPA DirectorP. Drell
PPA DirectorP. Drell
PhysicsDepartment
PhysicsDepartment
HEPL DirectorR. Byer
Deputy DirectorB. Cabrera
HEPL DirectorR. Byer
Deputy DirectorB. Cabrera
HEPL / KIPAC Managing Director
N. Christiansen
HEPL / KIPAC Managing Director
N. Christiansen
VP ResearchA. Bienenstock
VP ResearchA. Bienenstock
AssistantC. Aguilar
AssistantM. Siegel
LATP. Michelson
LATP. Michelson
KIPAC Advisory Board
KIPAC Advisory Board
>170 peopleSLAC supports <6 postdocs
AssistantZ. Mahdavi
86 vi 06 Program Review
KIPAC Science Organization
* Organized administratively into:– KIPAC Physics (Steve Allen/Roger Blandford)
• Joint organization mixing Campus, SLAC– GLAST-Physics (Roger Blandford/Elliott Bloom)
• SLAC organization interfaces with LAT project and campus• Dark matter, particle acceleration, relativistic outflows
– GLAST-ISOC(Rob Cameron/Steve Kahn)– KIPAC Computing(Tom Abel/Stuart Marshall)
* Encourage scientific interactions– Actively encouraging collaborations and discussions through:
• Teas • Seminars• Cosmology tutorials• GLAST meetings• Joint GLAST student tutorials etc.• …
FKB is great for this!
96 vi 06 Program Review
The Science of KIPAC
* Particle Astrophysics– Black Holes, Neutron Stars, White Dwarfs…
– GRBs, magnetars, supernovae…
– Accretion disks and jets…
– Relativistic shocks, particle acceleration, UHECR…
– Solar Physics
* Cosmology – Dark energy, dark matter
– Gravitational lenses
– Clusters of galaxies and intergalactic medium
– Microwave background observations
– First stars, galaxy formation
– Supernovae
106 vi 06 Program Review
EPP2010: Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time
* Objectives: LHC, ILC, Particle Astrophysics, Physics* Action Item 4: * Scientific priorities at the interface of particle physics, astrophysics, and
cosmology should be determined through a mechanism jointly involving NSF, DOE, and NASA, with emphasis on DOE and NSF participation in projects where the intellectual and technological capabilities of particle physicists can make unique contributions. The committee recommends that an increased share of the current U.S. elementary particle physics research budget should
be allocated to the questions identified below. * Three major questions in astrophysics and cosmology research could lead to
discoveries with potentially momentous implications for particle physics: * The direct detection of dark matter in terrestrial laboratories, which then could be
combined with measurements of candidate dark matter particles produced in accelerators. (CDMS2,Ted Baltz)
* The precision measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization, which would probe the physics during the inflation that appears to have occurred within a tiny fraction of a second following the Big Bang. (QUaD, QUIET, RB)
* The measurement of key properties of dark energy. (LSST, SNAP, RB, Steve Kahn)
116 vi 06 Program Review
SUSY Dark
Matter* Baltz et al have carried out a
major study of the joint constraints that GLAST and LHC will be able to set on the nature of dark matter if it comprises supersymmetric particles. Further implications for the Linear Collider have also been given.
* Wai and Peng have extended these calculations to allow for the possibility that that the dark matter in the Milky Way is clumped.
Wai, Peng
Baltz, Battaglia, Peskin, Wizansky
Baltz, Wai will discuss
Explore below on and above ground !
126 vi 06 Program Review
QUaD* High angular resolution observations of
microwave background
* E-mode measurements of linear polarization
Church et al
136 vi 06 Program Review
SDSS-II Supernova Survey
Successful 2005 run:spectroscopically confirmed 120 type Ia (+12 probable Ia) SNe in the “redshift desert”
Hobby-Eberly Telescope:confirmed 40 high-z Ia (z > 0.2)highest z=0.42Analysis underway.
SN2005hk SN2005ja
Ia-pecz=0.0131
Iaz=0.322
Masao Sako, Roger Romani, Chen Zheng, Roger Blandford, Steve Kahn
146 vi 06 Program Review
Bayesian analysis of gravitational lens modeling
* Suyu, Marshall and Blandford have devised new methods for inverting gravitational lenses that allow the lens mass distribution to be inferred in a model-independent fashion.
156 vi 06 Program Review
Kinematical vs dynamical models of X-ray cluster Kinematical vs dynamical models of X-ray cluster datadata
Constant jerk parameter j modelsConstant jerk parameter j models Constant equation of state w modelsConstant equation of state w models
q0 = -0.81 +- 0.14 j = 2.16 +0.81- 0.75
m = 0.306 +0.042- 0.040 w = -1.15 +0.14- 0.18
Rapetti, Allen, Amin, RB
166 vi 06 Program Review
Black Holes are Green
By studying the inner regions of nine elliptical galaxies with Chandra, Steve Allen and colleagues have measured the rate at which hot gas accretes onto massive black holes in the nuclei of elliptical galaxies to form outflowing jets which create huge cavities in the surrounding gas.
NGC 4696
They were able to compute the efficiency of the black holes which is impressively high, ~0.02. This research was the subject of a recent NASA Space Science Update.
176 vi 06 Program Review
First stars (Abel, Wise & Bryan)
* Radiative transfer incorporated in gas dynamical/chemistry AMR codes for first time
* Simulate what a newly formed star does to its environment.
186 vi 06 Program Review
The “warm-hot” intergalactic medium
Roughly half of the baryons in the local universe is thought to exist in the form of warm-hot intergalactic gas.
Chandra observations of the nearby BL Lac object Mrk 421appeared to show absorption lines from highly ionized Oxygen.
An analysis of a longer XMM-Newton observation by Rasmussen, Kahn et al showed that these features are probably spurious so that this gas has not yet been discovered.
196 vi 06 Program Review
Gamma Ray Jets
* Study properties of AGN jets as will be observed by GLAST
* Large observational program with VLBA
* X-ray observations with Chandra
* Instrument simulations* Phenomenological studies* Theoretical investigations* Blandford, EdCeS, Kamae,
Madejski, Tajima…..* Several students interested
206 vi 06 Program Review
Swift observations of long GRBs
A two component jet model fit to the X-ray light curve of gamma-ray burst 050315, designed to explain the flat decay phase. This has implications for the efficiency and energy budget of GRBs, as well as for the physics of collisionless relativistic shocks.
Granot et al
216 vi 06 Program Review
Pulsar magnetospheres
* 3D simulation of the structure of magnetic field in force-free approximation. This is a classic problem first posed by Scharlemann and Wagoner in 1971 and is now solved. It can be used to predict the gamma ray emission that will be seen by GLAST.
Spitkovsky
226 vi 06 Program Review
3D Relativistic MHD simulation of Black Hole Accretion Disk
* This is what a distant observer would see if she could image the inner parts of the disk as may be possible one day.
* The inner ring is a gravitationally lensed image of the accretion torus produced as light orbits the black hole on its path to the observer.
Fuerst
236 vi 06 Program Review
Projects Status* GLAST
– LAT shipped; 2007 launch– GLAST physics progressing – Integrate campus and SLAC efforts
* LSST– Approved by EPAC, January 2006– Director’s Review- March 2006– Presentation to P5 - April 2006
* SNAP– SLAC involved with electronics and fine guidance system (joint with Lockheed).
* QUaD/QUIET(Church)– Results/NSF Funding
* NuSTAR– Cancelled by NASA one month ahead of technology review (Exploration initiative,
shuttle/space station, and overruns on science missions
* PoGO (Kamae)– Japanese-Swedish-NASA; no DOE
246 vi 06 Program Review
GLAST ISOC Development* Operations systems
– ISOC participating in GLAST ground system tests with NASA• Next GLAST operations test scheduled
for 25-26 July 2006• Next operations software release (2.0)
in late June 2006– ISOC also supporting LAT Integration & Test
* Science systems– LAT Data Challenge 2
• March – May 2006• Exercises ISOC science analysis
software and processing• Based on 55 days of simulated LAT data
for entire sky* ISOC Operations Facility at SLAC
– Operations control room area and dataflow lab located in Building 84 (Central Lab Annex)
– Build-out and dataflow lab extension scheduled for August 2006 - January 2007
– ISOC operations staff offices also moving to Building 84 The DC2 Sky
LAT Shipped May 2006!
Eduardo do Couto e Silva
256 vi 06 Program Review
LSST Precision on DE ParametersLSST Precision on DE Parameters
Phil Marshall - Breakout
266 vi 06 Program Review
LSST Camera AssemblyLSST Camera Assembly
Filter in stored location
L1 Lens
L2 Lens
Shutter
L1/L2 Housing
Camera Base Ring
Camera Housing
Cryostat outer cylinder
Cold Plates
L3 Lens in Cryostat front-end flange
Raft Tower (Raft with Sensors + FEE)
Filter Carousel main bearing
Utility Trunk
Filter in light path
Filter Changer rail paths
Focal Plane fast actuators
BEE Module
276 vi 06 Program Review
The NASA/DOE Joint Dark Energy Mission
* Will probe DE primarily via measurement of Type 1a SNe to constrain the dL versus z relationship, and through weak lensing.
* Joined SNAP collaboration* Plan is for SLAC to design and develop the
Observatory Control Unit and associated flight software – builds well on SLAC experience in GLAST.
* Strong lensing science* The recent NASA/DOE cooperative
agreement makes it clear that the SLAC experience in working with both agencies will be a key asset for this project.
BE Program deferred
286 vi 06 Program Review
The polarization signal PoGOLite will measure in 6 hrs for the first peak (P1, 3ms wide) of Crab Pulsar for the polar cap (red), slot gap/caustic (blue) and outer gap (black) models. Additional constraints will come from the second peak and the interpulse.
Balloon-borne X-ray polarization experiment, PoGOLite
the polar cap model
the caustic model
the outer gap model
Predictions by:
Kamae et al.
296 vi 06 Program Review
Computing Plans
* Central to KIPAC’s future– Large ambitions, strong needs
* White Paper -Twin Goals:– To contribute effectively scientifically in LSST (~30PB) era
• Evolution: SDSS2, HAGGLES, Millennium…. LSST– To perform prescriptive simulations of cosmic phenomena in 6D
• Radiative transfer, kinetic theory of plasmas, chemistry…
* “GBACC” meeting at SLAC* Pierre Schwob Computing Center* Joint SCIDAC proposals with UCSC etal* Effective participation by SCS in LSST-
Computing* Working with other parts of SLAC
306 vi 06 Program Review
Summary
* Great scientific contributions over a wide a range of particle astrophysics and cosmology
* Integrated into reorganized SLAC* New building(s)* Ambitious computing plans* Impressive progress on GLAST (2007), LSST* SDSS-2, QUIET very promising* SNAP enthusiasm and participation. NASA???* Other possibilities being explored, like HED
physics