15 Lift and Escalator

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    RECO2006 Construction IV

    Transportation System Lifts and Escalators

    Edward CY YIU

    Department of Real Estate and Construction

    January 2007

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    Learning Objectives Concepts of Barrier Free Access Design of Vertical Transportation System

    Lifts Escalators Stairs (see course materials on fire safety)

    Design of Horizontal Transportation System Conveyors Ramps

    Maintenance of Transportation System

    Links Lift Hong Kong at www.lift.hk EMSD at www.info.gov.hk/emsd

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    Authority

    Part VII, Building (Planning) Regulations

    Design Manual Barrier Free Access 1997

    Lifts and Escalators (Safety) Ordinance,Cap. 327

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    Building Services Framework

    Water in Plumbing System Water out Drainage System

    Energy out - OTTV

    Waste out Waste Disposal System

    Air in MVAC System

    Energy in Electricity Supply Systems

    People / Goods in Transportation System

    Air Out MVAC System

    Fire in Gas Supply System Fire out Fire Safety System

    People out Transportation

    System

    Light in Lighting System

    Sound in Acoustics System

    Light out Lighting System (blinds)

    Sound out Acoustics System

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    Barrier Free Access

    Ramps

    Drop kerbs

    Handrail

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    BFA - Stairs

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    What is a lift?

    Source: BD(1993)

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    Types of Lifts

    Electric Traction (Cable) Lift

    Hydraulic Lift

    Rack and Pinion Lift

    Firemans Lift (See CourseMaterials on Fire ServicesInstallations or MOA code)

    Dump-waiter (Service Lift)

    Observation Lift

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    Dimensions of Lift

    E.g. Rated Load = 800

    No. of passengers = 10 Rated speed = 1.0 2.5 m/s

    Car width x depth = 1400 x 1350mm Pit depth = 1700 2800mm (why pit?)

    Machine room = 15 sm (why machine room?)

    Source: BD(1993)

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    Sections of aLift Well Which process first

    and how long? Building works of lift

    well

    Building works ofmachine room

    buying a lift

    Installation of lift car

    Installation of landing

    door Installation of machine

    and control

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    Lift Machine Room

    Motor for a Traction Lift

    Knowles Building, HKU

    motor generator

    geared machine

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    Source: - (www.howstuffworks.com)

    A Traction Lift

    A Hydraulic Lift

    1-car controland selectorpanel

    2-motorgenerator

    3-gearedmachine

    4-counterweight

    5-loadcompensatingcables

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    An Escalator

    Source: - (www.howstuffworks.com)

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    The machine roomless elevator

    Application Scope of V8-M Target market: Medium-and-low

    residential building and businessbuildingStandard Load(kg): 550,750,1000Speed(m/s): 1.0,1.5,1.75Max. travel: 60 mMax. landings: 20Group-control quantity: 8 setsControl system: Modularmicroprocessor full-collective controlType of traction machine: Permanent

    magnet synchronous gearless drive.

    http://listing.hk.business.yahoo.com/en/11474/product_details_130270.html

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    Traffic Design - Nos. and Size of Lifts

    Estimation of population Quality of service required

    The up-peak interval of an office tower: 20s or less excellent system 30s satisfactory system

    Quantity of service required The handling capacity within 5 minutes

    Estimation of arrival rate

    Handling capacity = (5minx60x0.8xLift Car Capacity in nos. ofpersons)/(up peak interval x population above terminal floor of

    zone)

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    Traffic Design (contd)

    Round Trip Time (RTT) by up peak model

    ( ) psv PttSHtRTT 212 +++=Where

    RTT = round trip time in seconds

    H=highest call reversal floor

    S=average no. of stops

    tv=time to transit 2 adjacent floors at rated speed in

    seconds

    ts=time consumed when making a stop in seconds

    tp=passenger transfer time for entering or exiting thelift car in seconds

    P=0.8xlift car capacity in person

    Details refer to EMSD (2000)

    S

    RTT

    tp

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    An Example of Lift Traffic Design

    An office building of 10 floors above the main terminal is to be built, each floor of 1200 sm of netspace. The interfloor distance is 3.3m.

    The required up peak interval is 30s (i.e. satisfactory grade) Estimation of population: assume 12sm per person per floor, i.e. Pop=1200/12=100 persons per

    floor Assume 12.5% peak arrival rate, i.e. 0.125x0.8x100x10flr=100 persons Qty of service: Nos of trip in 5 minutes = 5minx60/30s=10 Nos. of person per trip = 100/10 = 10 The required car size is 10/0.8 = 13-person car Total travel distance = 3.3x10=33m Assumed rated speed = 1.6m/s tv=3.3/1.6=2.1s ts=7.7s (from code) tp=1.2s (assumed) P=13x0.8=10.4 persons H=9.5, S=6.7 (from code) RTT=(2x9.5x2.1)+(6.7+1)7.7+(2x10.4x1.2)=124.2s

    Since up peak interval required is 30s, i.e. 4 cars are required The up peak interval is 124.2/4 = 31.1s The up peak handling capacity is (300/124.2)x10.4x4 = 100.5 persons / 5min

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    DisabledLift

    BD (1997)

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    Maintenance

    S.27C(b) of L&E(S)O, proper maintenance is required tobe carried out by a registered lift contractor to a servicelift at intervals not exceeding 5 weeks.

    Detailed requirements on L&E Maintenance, see EMSD(1996)

    Safety Precautionary Measures for L&E Maintenanceand Repairs Garley Fire (see Garley Fire Report)

    PNAP 209 Maintenance and Replacement Works of LiftInstallations

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    References British Standards Institution ( ) BS5655 (EN81) Lifts and Service

    Lifts, BS5656 (EN115) Safety rules for the construction andinstallation of escalators and passenger conveyors, BSI, UK.

    Buildings Department (1997) Design Manual Barrier Free Access,HK Govt, HK.

    Buildings Department (1993) Code of Practice on the BuildingWorks for Lifts and Escalators, HK Govt, HK.

    EMSD (1993, Reprint 1997) Code of Practice on the Design andConstruction of Lifts and Escalators, HK Govt, HK.

    EMSD (1996) Code of Practice on the Examination, Testing andMaintenance of Lifts and Escalators, HK Govt, HK.

    EMSD (2000) Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Lift andEscalator Installations, HK Govt, HK.

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    The End

    For enquiries, please send email to

    Edward CY YIUDepartment of Real Estate and Construction

    The University of Hong Kong

    [email protected]