1.5 Glossary (Final) - Planning Inspectorate · CDM Regulations Construction (Design and...

1.5

Application Ref: EN020017

National Grid (Richborough Connection Project) Order Regulation 5(2)(q) of the Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 and TEN-E Regulation EU347/2013

Glossary

January 2016

DO

CU

ME

NT

Richborough Connection Project

Volume 1

1.5 Glossary

National GridNational Grid HouseWarwick Technology ParkGallows HillWarwickCV34 6DA

January 2016

Richborough Connection Project – Volume 1, Document 1.5

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Document Control

Document Properties

Organisation Grayling

Author Maddie Hall

Approved by Steve Self

Title Glossary

Document Reference 1.5

Version History

Date Version Status Description/Changes

04/01/2016 1 Final 1st Issue


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Final 1 January 2016

ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation Term

~ Approximately

£m £Million

85%ile 85th percentile speed – the speed below which 85% of traffictravels

µg Microgram

AA Appropriate Assessment

AAAC All Aluminium Alloy Conductor

AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic

AAI Area of Archaeological Importance

AAWT Annual Average Weekday Traffic Flow

ABD Area Benefitting from Defences

AC/DC Alternating Current/Direct Current

ACD Anti-Climbing Device

ACM Asbestos Containing Material

ACSR Aluminium Steel Reinforcement Conductor

ACoW Archaeological Clerk of Work

AEP Annual Exceedance Probability



Abbreviation Term

AGI Above Ground Installation

AGL Above Ground Level

AGLV Area of Great Landscape Value

AHLV Area of High Landscape Value

AIA Arboricultural Impact Assessment

AIL Abnormal Indivisible Loads

AIS Air Insulated Switchgear

ALC Agricultural Land Classification

ALO Agricultural Liaison Officer

AMIE Archives Monuments Information England

AOD Above Ordnance Datum

AONB Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty

AOS Area of Search

APFPRegulations

Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms andProcedure) Regulations 2009 (as amended)

AQMA Air Quality Management Area

AQO Air Quality Objective

AQS Air Quality Strategy

ATC Automatic Traffic Counter



Abbreviation Term

AWB Artificial Water Body

BAP Biodiversity Action Plan

BBS Breeding Birds Survey

BoCC Bird of Conservation Concern

BCT Bat Conservation Trust

BFI Base flow Index

BGS British Geological Society

BMS Biodiversity Mitigation Strategy

BMV Best and Most Versatile

bn Billion

BOA Biodiversity Opportunity Area

BoCC Bird of Conservation Concern

BOCN Barn Owl Conservation Network

BOPS Broad Oak Preservation Society

BoR Book of Reference, as required by The Infrastructure Planning(Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedures) Regulations2009

BORN Barn Owl Recovery Network

BRES Business Registration and Employment Survey



Abbreviation Term

BS British Standard

BSP Bulk Supply Point

BTG Biodiversity Thematic Group

BTO British Trust for Ornithology

C Century

CAA Civil Aviation Authority

CadnaA Computer Aided Noise Abatement

CAMS Catchment Abstraction Management Strategy

CB4 Canterbury 4 Business

CBA Cost Benefit Analysis

CBR California Bearing Ration

CCC Canterbury City Council

CCC LP Canterbury City Council Local Plan

CCGT Combined Cycle Gas Turbine

CCS Considerate Contractor’s Scheme

CCTV Closed Circuit Television

CDMRegulations

Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015

CEH Centre for Ecology and Hydrology



Abbreviation Term

CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan

CfPP Concept for Public Participation

CFMP Catchment Flood Management Plan

CHP Combined Heat And Power

CIEEM Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management

CIP Catchment Improvement Partnership

CIRIA Construction Industry Research and Information Association

CLA Country Land and Business Association

CLBA Canterbury Landscape and Biodiversity Appraisal

CLR11 Contaminated Land Report 11

CMS Construction Method Statement

CO Conservation Objective

CoCP Code of Construction Practice

COR Connections Options Report

COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002

CPRE Campaign to Protect Rural England

CRA Collision Risk Assessment

CRH Collision Risk Height



Abbreviation Term

CRM Collision Risk Model

CS Core Strategy

CSC Current Source Conductor.

CSE Cable Sealing End

CSEPP Cable Sealing End Pylon Platform

CSM Conceptual Site Model

CTMP Construction Traffic Management Plan

CWS County Wildlife Site

DA Areal bird Density

DAS Design and Access Statement

dB Decibel – unit for measuring noise

DC Direct Current

DCLG Department of Communities and Local Government

DCO Development Consent Order

DCP Dynamic Cone Penetrometer

DD Double Diamond T-Pylon

DDC Dover District Council

DDC CS Dover District Council Core Strategy



Abbreviation Term

DDC HS Dover District Council Heritage Strategy

DDC LALP Dover District Council Land Allocations Local Plan (2015)

DDC LP Dover District Council Local Plan(Saved Policies 2002)

DECC Department of Energy and Climate Change

DEFRA Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

DfT Department for Transport

DLP Draft Local Plan

DMP Drainage Management Plan

DMRB Design Manual for Roads and Bridges

DMS Delivery Management System

DNO District Network Operator (e.g. UK Power Networks)

DPD Development Plan Document

DSOR Distribution System Options Report

DTM Digital Terrain Model

DWF Dry Weather Flow

EA Environment Agency

EC European Commission

EcIA Ecological Impact Assessment



Abbreviation Term

ECoW Ecological Clerk of Works

EH English Heritage(now Historic England)

EHO Environmental Health Officer

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ELF Extremely Low Frequency

EM Explanatory Memorandum

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMF Electromagnetic Field

EMMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

EMS Environmental Management System

EN-1 Overarching National Policy Statement for Energy

EN-5 National Policy Statement for Electricity Networks Infrastructure

ENSG Electricity Networks Strategy Group

EPR European Pressurised Reactor

EPS European Protected Species

EPUK Environmental Protection UK

EPZ Equipotential Zone

EQS Environmental Quality Standard



Abbreviation Term

ES Environmental Statement

ESDAL Electronic Service Delivery for Abnormal Load

EU European Union

EUPS European Protected Site

EWC European Waste Catalogue

FCS Favourable Conservation Status

FDC Flood Defence Consent

FEH Flood Estimation Handbook

FLT Full line tension gantry

FRA Flood Risk Assessment

GI Grade One Listed Building

GII Grade Two Listed Building

GB Great Britain

GCN Great Crested Newt

GCR Geological Conservation Review Si

GEP Good Ecological Potential

GES Good Economic Spend

GI Ground Investigation



Abbreviation Term

GIL Gas Insulated Line

GIS Gas Insulated Switchgear

GLVIA3 Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Appraisal Third Edition

> Greater than

< Less than

GPLC Guideline Principals of Land Contamination

GPS Global Positioning System

GQA General Quality Assessment

GSP Grid Supply Point

GTRF Greater Thames Research Framework

GVA Gross Value Added

GVD General Vested Declaration

GW Gigawatts

H&S Health and Safety

Ha Hectare

HDD Horizontal Directional Drilling

HDV Heavy Duty Vehicle

HGV Heavy Goods Vehicle



Abbreviation Term

HE Highways England

HEn Historic Environment

HER Historic Environmental Record

HIA Health Impact Assessment

HIS Hybrid Insulated Switchgear

HLC Historic Landscape Characterisation

HLS Higher Level Stewardship

HMWB Heavily Modified Waterbody

HPA Health Protection Agency

HPP High Pressure Pipeline

HRA Habitat Regulations Assessment

HSE Health and Safety Executive

HSI Habitat Suitability Index

HSR Habitats and Species Regulations

HV High Voltage

HVAC High Voltage Alternating Current

HVDC High Voltage Direct Current

Hz Hertz



Abbreviation Term

IAQM Institute of Air Quality Management

ICM Interim Connect and Manage

ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection

IDB Internal Drainage Board

IEA Institute of Environmental Assessment

IEMA Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment

IET Institution of Engineering and Technology

IfA Institute for Archaeologists

IMD Index of Multiple Deprivation

IPC Infrastructure Planning Commission

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IROPI Imperative Reasons of Overriding Public Interest

ISIS Invertebrate Species-habitat Information System

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

JNCC Joint Nature Conservation Committee

kA Kiloampere (1000 Amperes)

KBAP Kent Biodiversity Action Plan

KCC Kent County Council



Abbreviation Term

KCC HER Kent County Council Historic Environmental Record

KCC LP Kent County Council Local Plan (Existing Local Plan SavedPolicies (2007)

KHLC Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation

KLWS Kent Local Wildlife Site

Km Kilometre

KMBRC Kent & Medway Biological Records Centre

KOS Kent Ornithological Society

kV Kilovolts (1000 Volts)

kWh Kilo-Watt Hour

KWTR Kent Wildlife Trust Reserve

LA Local Authority

LAQM Local Air Quality Management

LBAP Local Biodiversity Action Plan

LCA Landscape Character Assessment

LDC Land Drainage Consent

LDD Local Development Document

LDF Local Development Framework

LDU Landscape Description Unit



Abbreviation Term

Leq Equivalent Continuous Sound Level

LFRMS Local Flood Risk Management Strategy

LGV Light Goods Vehicle

LHA Local Highway Authority

LHES Landscape and Habitat Enhancement Scheme

LI Landscape Institute

LiDAR Light Detection and Ranging

LLCA Local Landscape Character Area

LLFA Lead Local Flood Authority

LNR Local Nature Reserve

LoD Limits of Deviation

LOAEL Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level

LoW List of Waste

LPA Local Planning Authority

LQA Land Quality Assessment

LRN Local Road Network

LRS Land Rights Strategy

LSE Likely Significant Effect



Abbreviation Term

LSOA Lower Super Output Area

LWS Local Wildlife Site

m Metre/Million

m3 Cubic Metre

MAGIC Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside

MCC Manual Classified Count

MEWP Mobile Elevated Working Platform

MGV Medium Goods Vehicle

MHWS Mean High Water Spring

MI Mega litre

Ml/d Million litres per day

MITS Main Interconnected Transmission System

MMO Marine Management Organisation

MMP Materials Management Plan

MMQ Mean maximum queue at the arm of a junction

MoD Ministry of Defence

MP Member of Parliament

MPA Mineral Planning Authority



Abbreviation Term

MPS Marine Policy Statement

MS Method Statement

MSA Mineral Safeguarding Area

MSC Mechanically Switched Capacitor

MVA Megavolt Ampere

MW Megawatt (1 Million Watts)

NAE Net Additional Expenditure

NAQS National Air Quality Strategy

NATS National Air Traffic Service

NBN National Biodiversity Network

NBORP National Barn Owl Recovery Project

NCA National Character Area

NCN National Cycle Network

NCR National Cycle Route

NE Natural England

NERC 2006 Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 (NERC Act)

NETS National Electricity Transmission System

NETS SQSS National Electricity Transmission System Security and Quality ofSupply Standard



Abbreviation Term

NFU National Farmers Union

NG National Grid - National Grid Electricity Transmission plc

NGET National Grid Electricity Transmission

NGNLL National Grid Nemo Link® Limited

NGR National Grid Reference

NLCA National Landscape Character Area

NNR National Nature Reserve

NO2 Nitrogen dioxide: Pollutant associated with vehicle traffic.

NOx Oxides of nitrogen

NOEL No Observed Effect Level

NoSTRA Network of Straits

NPPF National Planning Policy Framework

NPPG National Planning Policy Guidance

NPS National Policy Statement

NPSE Noise Policy Statement for England

NSER No Significant Effects Report

NSIP Nationally Significant Infrastructure Project

NSRI National Soil Research Institute



Abbreviation Term

NT National Trust

NTS Non-Technical Summary

NVC National Vegetation Classification

NVQ National Vocational Qualification

OAT Options Appraisal Table

OD Ordnance Datum

OHL Overhead Line

ONS Office for National Statistics

OPGW Optical Ground Wire

OS Ordnance Survey

OSPES Off-site Planning and Enhancement Scheme

OUV Outstanding Universal Value

PC Parish Council

PCH Potential Collision Height

PCI Project of Common Interest

PDOR Pylon Design Options Report (February 2015)

PEIR Preliminary Environmental Information Report

PEMP Project Environmental Management Plan



Abbreviation Term

PHE Public Health England

PIA Personal Injury Accident

PICP Pollution Incident Control Plan

PILs Person with an Interest in Land

PINs Planning Inspectorate

PPA Planning Performance Agreement

PPE Personnel Protective Equipment

PPG Pollution Prevention Guidelines

PPS1 Planning Policy Statement 1

PPS25 Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk

PPV Peak Particle Velocity

PRF Potential Roost Feature (bats)

PRFA Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment

PRoW Public Right of Way

PRoWMP Public Right of Way Management Plan

PWS Private Water Supplies

RAMS Risk Assessment Method Statement

RBMP River Basin Management Plan



Abbreviation Term

RC Route Corridor

RCO Route Corridor Option

RCP Richborough Connection Project

RCS Route Corridor Study

RDB Red Data Book

RF Radio Frequency

RFI Radio Frequency Interference

RFC Ratio of highway flow to capacity

RIGS Regionally Important Geological Site

RNR Roadside Nature Reserve

rpm Revolutions per Minute

RSKIDB River Stour (Kent) Internal Drainage Board

RSPB Royal Society for the Protection of Birds

RTPI Royal Town Planning Institute

a Second

SAAR Standard Average Annual Rainfall

SAC Special Area of Conservation

SAM Scheduled Ancient Monument



Abbreviation Term

SAMP Soil and Aftercare Management Plan

SAGE Stakeholder Advisory Group on EMFs

SBBO Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory

SoCC Statement of Community Consultation in accordance with Section47 of the Act

SoCG Statement of Common Ground

SC Statutory Consultation

SCI Site of Community Importance

SE Supervising Ecologist

SEA Seascape Character Area

SEC Sealing End Compound

SERF South East Research Framework

SEO Statements of Environmental Opportunities

SEW South East Water

SFRA Strategic Flood Risk Assessment

SHE Plan Safety, Health and Environmental Plan

SIC Standard Industrial Classifications (Standard Industry Code)

SINCs Sites of Importance for Nature Conservation

SLA Special Landscape Area



Abbreviation Term

SLCA Sub-landscape Character Area (see LCA)

SLM Sound Level Meter

SM Scheduled Monument

SMC Scheduled Monument Consent

SNCI Site of Nature Conservation Interest

SNH Scottish National Heritage

SOA Super Output Area

SOAEL Significant Observed Adverse Effect Level

SoR Statement of Reasons

SOR Strategic Options Report

SoS Secretary of State

SOTO System Operator Transmission Owner

SPA Special Protection Area

SPG Supplementary Planning Guidance

SPRHOST Standard Percentage Run-off Hydrology of Soil Types

SPT Scottish Power Transmission

SPZ Source Protection Zone

SQE Suitably Qualified Ecologist



Abbreviation Term

SQSS Security and Quality of Supply Standard

SRN Strategic Road Network

SSA Substation Siting Appraisal

SSM Specialist Survey Method

SSS Substation Siting Study

SSSI Site of Special Scientific Interest

SuDs Sustainable Drainage Systems

STW Sewage Treatment Works

SWMP Site Waste Management Plan

SWS Southern Water Services Limited

T Tonnes

TA Traffic/Transport Assessment

TAR Transmission Access Review

TCF Technical Construction File

TDC Thanet District Council

TDC LP Thanet District Council Local Plan 2006 Saved Policies (2009)

TDC DLP Thanet District Council Draft Local Plan to 2031

TEP The Environment Partnership



Abbreviation Term

The Act The Planning Act 2008

The 1989 Act Electricity Act 1989

The 2009 EIARegulations

Infrastructure Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment)Regulations 2009

The HRA The Human Rights Act

TMG Traffic Management Group

TMP Traffic Management Plan

TN Target Note

TPO Tree Preservation Order

TRANSYT Traffic Network Study Tool

TRO Traffic Regulation Order

TS Transport Statement

TTM Temporary Traffic Management

UFMfSW Updated Flood Map for Surface Water

UG Underground

UK United Kingdom

UK-AIR UK Air Information Resource

UK BAP UK Biodiversity Action Plan

UKCP09 UK Climate Projections 2009



Abbreviation Term

UKPN UK Power Networks

VAr Volt Amperes reactive

VE Visual Envelope

V/m Volts per metre

VOC Volatile Organic Compounds

VP Vantage Point (for bird surveys)

WBIP Water Body Improvement Plan

WeBS The British Trust for Ornithology’s Wetland Bird Survey

WCA Wildlife and Countryside Act

WCP Wildlife Conservation Partnership

WFD Water Framework Directive

WHO World Health Organization

WHONN World Health Organisation Night Noise

WHS World Heritage Site

WHSMP World Heritage Site Management Plan

WLMP Water Level Management Plan

WMP Waste Management Plan

WMPE Waste Management Plan for England



Abbreviation Term

WRAP Waste and Recycling Action Plan

WRMP Water Resources Management Plan

WSI Written Scheme of Investigation

WWT Wildfowl and Wetland Trust

WWPS Waste Water Pumping Station

WwTW Wastewater Treatment Works

XLPE Cross-linked Polyethylene

ZTVI Zone of Theoretical Visual Influence

ZVI Zone of Visual Influence



DEFINITIONS

Term Definition

AbnormalIndivisibleLoads (AILs)

A vehicle that has any of the following characteristics constitutesan ‘abnormal load’: a weight of more than 44,000kilograms; an axle load of more than 10,000 kilograms for asingle non-driving axle and 11,500 kilograms for a single drivingaxle; a width of more than 2.9 metres; or a length of more than18.65 metres. Abnormal loads which are to be delivered to thesite are AIL when by their nature they cannot be broken downinto smaller, multiple deliveries.

AboveOrdnanceDatum (AOD)

Elevation above sea level measured in metres.

Access Road A route used by vehicles for access to works sites that is not apublic road.

Adit An entrance to an underground mine which is horizontal ornearly horizontal.

AgriculturalLandClassification(ALC)

Agricultural Land Classification is a standardised method forclassifying the quality of agricultural land in England and Walesinto one of five grades: Grade 1 (excellent), Grade 2 (verygood), Grade 3 (good to moderate), divided into Subgrades 3a(good) and 3b (moderate), Grade 4 (poor), and Grade 5 (verypoor). ALC is determined using MAFF (now Defra) guidelines(MAFF 1988 Agricultural Land Classification of England andWales) which contain detailed assessment methodology. ALC isbased on the assessment of climate, site and soil propertieswhich determine what kind of agricultural production the landcan potentially support.

AgriculturalLiaisonOfficers (ALO)

Person(s) responsible, during the construction of the ProposedDevelopment, for ensuring that soil handling and trafficmovements occur in acceptable conditions.

Alluvium These deposits consist of soft to firm consolidated, compressibleclay and silt with sand and basal gravel. Peat deposits mayoccur. A stronger, desiccated surface zone may be present.

AlternatingCurrent (AC)

Electrical circuits where the voltage and current alternatedirection, in the UK at 50 times per second (50 hertz or Hz).

Ambient Noise Background noise level in a given situation at a given timeusually composite of sounds from many sources near and far.

Amp Ampere - Unit of electrical current.

AncientWoodlands

Ancient Woodlands are those which have had continuouswoodland cover since 1600AD to the present day. Clearance atsome time for underwood or timber production does not excludea wood from this category.

Angle /Deviation Tower

Tower where a horizontal insulators string attaches theconductors. Deviation or ‘angle’ towers are used at points where



Term Definition

the overhead line route changes direction. Also referred to astension towers.

Annual AverageDailyTraffic Flow(AADT)

24 hour traffic count data averaged for all the days in the yeari.e. the total traffic flow on a road for a year divided 365.

Annual AverageWeekday TrafficFlow(AAWT)

24 hour traffic count data averaged for just the weekdays(Monday to Friday).

ApplicationRegulations1

The Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms andProcedure) Regulations 2009.

AppropriateAssessment(AA)

Within Habitats Regulations Assessment (HRA), AppropriateAssessment is the second stage of the assessment process toassess potential impacts of a plan, programme or project, aloneor in-combination, on the integrity of a Natura 2000 site (i.e.SPA, SAC and/or Ramsar site). See also ‘HRA’.

ArchaeologicalClerk of Works(ACOW)

Responsible for overseeing the implementation of theArchaeological Written Scheme of Investigation.

Area of GreatLandscapeValue (AGLV)

Areas designed to conserve the natural beauty of landscapes ofCounty importance.

Area ofOutstandingNatural Beauty(AONB)

Formally designated under the National Parks and Access to theCountryside Act of 1949 to protect areas of the countryside ofhigh scenic quality that cannot be selected for National Parkstatus due to their lack of opportunities for outdoor recreation(an essential objective of National Parks).

AssociatedDevelopment

Development which forms part of the Richborough ConnectionProject but does not fall within the definition of aNationally Significant Infrastructure Project (NSIP).

AutomaticTrafficCounter (ATC)

An automatic counter which records the total number of vehiclespassing along a designated road or highway, calculating avehicle's speed and category.

A-Weighted The A Weighting corrects the variation in the ear’s ability to heardifferent frequencies and provides a good representation of howsound is perceived by the human ear.

Bellmouth An access point from the public highway for constructionpurposes.

Best and MostVersatile land(BMV)

Best and most versatile (BMV) agricultural land is defined inNPPF as land in grades 1, 2 and 3a of the ALC. This is the landwhich is “most flexible, productive and efficient in response to[agricultural] inputs and which can best deliver future crops for

1For more information go to: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2009/2264/contents/made



Term Definition

food and non-food-uses such as biomass”.

BiodiversityAction Plan

Biodiversity Action Plan: A strategy for conserving andenhancing wild species and wildlife habitats in the UK BAPpriority habitat: Habitats that have been identified as being ofimportance for nature conservation due to declining coverage,such that Habitat Action Plans have been prepared. BAPpriority species: Species that have been identified as being ofimportance for nature conservation due to declining populations,such that Species Action Plans have been prepared.

BoreholeSurvey

Used to determine soil and ground suitability for directionaldrilling and tower foundations and to survey the borehole todetermine its course and end point for Horizontal DirectionalDrilling (HDD).

BritishGeologicalSociety (BGS)

A public sector organisation we are responsible for advising theUK government on all aspects of geoscience as well asproviding impartial geological advice to industry, academia andthe public.

BulkTransportationSystem (BTS)

National high pressure cross-country gas pipelines up to 48inches in diameter.

Busbar The common connection point of two or more transmissioncircuits.

Cable An insulated conductor designed for underground installation.

Cable circuit(underground)

Discrete electrical connection between two points on anelectricity network.

Cable reserve The corridor (swathe) of land within which underground cablesare laid in the ground.

Cable SealingEnd (CSE)

Structures used to transfer transmission circuits betweenunderground cables and overhead lines.

Cable SealingEnd Compound

Electrical infrastructure used as the transition point betweenoverhead lines and underground cables. A compound on theground acts as the principal transition point.

Cable SealingEnd PylonPlatform(CSEPP)

Electrical infrastructure used as the transition point betweenoverhead lines and underground cables. A platform on the pylonacts as the principal transition point.

Computer AidedNoiseAbatement(CadnaA)

Software for the calculation, presentation, assessment andprediction of environmental noise.

Carboniferous

.

The Carboniferous is a geological period and system thatextends from about 358.9 million years ago, to about 298.9million years ago.

Carcinogen Is any substance that is an agent directly involved in causingcancer.



Term Definition

Catchment An area that serves a river with rainwater. Every part of landwhere the rainfall drains to a single watercourse is in the samecatchment.

CatchmentAbstractionManagementStrategy(CAMS)

A strategy developed by the Environment Agency to help identifywhere the amount of water abstracted or licensed exceeds theavailable water in a catchment.

CatchmentFloodManagementPlan (CFMP)

A large scale planning framework for managing flood risk topeople and the developed and natural environment.

Chainages The distance of any point along a line (road, watercourse orutility route) is denoted by its chainage, being its distance,measured along the centre line, from a chosen origin or startpoint of the road. The name ‘chainage’ has historicalconnotations based on a technique of measurement where steelchains of 100 links were once used to measure distances.

Combined CycleGasTurbine (CCGT)

A generator comprising a gas turbine together with a steamboiler and steam turbine utilising the waste heat from the gasturbine thereby achieving high efficiency.

ConditionAssessment

Assessment of the condition of equipment that enablesmaintenance programmes to be determined and managed.

Conductor Wire strung between pylons, used for transmitting electricity.

ConnectionOptions Report(COR)

The report explains how National Grid has looked at the variousdifferent options for building the Richborough Connection withina section of land known as the route corridor (North Corridor).

Consent Letter A pre-entry agreement prior to completion of the legal Deed ofGrant. The form contains details of the pipeline specification,payment due and is accompanied by a plan of the proposedroute. The Consent Form also permits access to land forconstruction.

ConservationArea

An area designated for its special architectural or historicinterest, where it is desirable to preserve or enhance itscharacter or appearance.

ConsultationResponse

A response received during a formal stage of consultation on theproject.

ConsultationStrategy

A strategy setting out National Grid's approach to andprogramme of public consultation.

ConstructionBellmouth

A junction between a construction access road and the publichighway designed to permit safe ingress and egress from theconstruction site in accordance with highway design standards.

ConstructionEnvironmental

Outlines how environmental issues that arise as result of theconstruction of the Proposed Development will be handled to



Term Definition

ManagementPlan (CEMP)

ensure compliance with relevant legislation.

ContaminatedLandReport 11(CLR11)

Model procedures for the Management of Land Contamination(CLR 11) have been developed by the Environment Agency toprovide the technical framework for applying a risk managementprocess when dealing with land affected by contamination.

ConverterStation

Part of an HVDC system which either converts AC electricity toDC or converts DC electricity to AC.

Core Strategy(CS)

A Core Strategy document is the key compulsory localdevelopment document specified under UK planning law. TheCore Strategy must set out the long term spatial vision for thelocal planning authority area and contain policies to help deliverthat vision. Every other local development document is built onthe principles it sets out, regarding the development and use ofland in a local planning authority’s area.

Corona Breakdown of the air, e.g. on the surface of a high-voltageconductor, to produce air ions.

CoronaDischarge

A limited electrical breakdown of the air surrounding theconductor, which results in the release of acoustic energy whichradiates into the air as sound pressure waves.

Cropmark Evidence of the presence of sub-surface archaeological remainsthrough the differential growth in a crop.

CrushedAggregate

Surface layer of an access track/ hardstanding areas.

CumulativeEffects

The assessment of the impact on the environment which resultsfrom the incremental impact of an action when added to otherpast, present or reasonably foreseeable actions regardless ofwhat agency or person undertakes such actions.Cumulative impact can result from individually minor butcollectively significant actions taking place over a period of time.

Culvert A channel or pipe that carries water below the level of theground.

Current SourceConductor(CSC)

A type of HVDC converter which uses electronic switches thatcan be controlled on, and naturally commutate off at the end ofeach cycle.

Current The flow of electricity. A voltage will always try to drive a current.The size current that is driven depends on the resistance of thecircuit.

Cut-off drainage Cut-off drainage is designed to ensure those existing drainagesystems outside the pipeline or underground cable working stripfunction properly during the construction period.

Decibel (dB) Unit for measuring noise.

Deed of Grantof Easement/Deed of

A legal right in perpetuity granting National Grid the right toinstall, use and maintain its equipment.An easement is granted in exchange for a one-off capital



Term Definition

Servitude (inScotland)

payment. The legal right is granted by formal documentation.

Design ManualforRoads andBridges(DMRB)

The Department for Transport publication which provides officialstandards, advice notes and other documents relating to thedesign, assessment and operation of trunk roads includingmotorways in the UK.

DesignatedArea

Area designated and protected by national or international lawfor its landscape, biodiversity, or historic interest.

DesignatedHeritageAsset

A world heritage site, scheduled monument, listed building,protected wreck site, registered park and garden, registeredbattlefield or conservation area designated under the relevantlegislation.

Department forCommunitiesand LocalGovernment(DCLG)

The Department for Communities and Local Government is theUK Government department for communities and localgovernment in England.

Department fortheEnvironment,Food andRural Affairs(DEFRA)

The UK government department responsible for policy andregulations on environmental, food and rural issues.

Department forTransport (DfT)

The UK government department responsible for the Englishtransport network and a limited number of transport matters inScotland, Wales and Northern Ireland which are not devolved.

Department ofEnergy andClimate Change

The UK government department responsible for policy andregulations on Energy and Climate Change.

Direct Current(DC)

Electricity that flows in one direction in a wire or cable and thevoltage cannot be increased or decreased using transformers asit can with AC electricity. Converting from AC to DC and backtakes place at a Converter Station.

Distribution Line Distribution lines transmit power at 132kV or below for supply tolocal communities and businesses.

DistributionNetworkOperator (DNO)

A company licensed to distribute electricity in the UK by theOffice of Gas and Electricity Markets. There are 14 licensed,geographically defined areas, based on the former ElectricityBoard boundaries, which is the transmission system to homesand businesses. DNOs also connect some of the smallergenerators to the transmission system.

DraftDevelopmentConsent Order(DCO)

A DCO is the legal instrument by which the Secretary of Stategrants consent for development under the Planning Act (2008)(As amended).



Term Definition

DrainageManagementPlan (DMP)

Identifies all known risks to the water environment and identifiesappropriate use of control measures to protect it from sources ofpollution during construction.

Dust Dust is defined as all particulate matter up to 75μm (millionths of a metre or thousandths of a millimetre) in diameter (according toBS6069) and is both suspended in air and deposited from air.Particles less than 1μm behave more like gases than solids and are generally termed ‘fume’. The bulk of particulate mattergenerated by demolition and construction activity has a diametergreater than 30μm.

Dynamic ConePenetrometer(DCP)

An in situ test in which a weight is manually lifted and droppedon a cone which penetrates the ground. The number ofmillimetres (mm) per hit are recorded and this is used toestimate certain soil properties. This is correlated againstCalifornia Bearing Ration (CBR) values.

Earth Wire Wire strung between the tops of towers used for lightning andsystem protection. May also be used to carry telecommunicationsignals.

Easement An easement is a right benefiting a piece of land (known as thedominant land) that is enjoyed over another piece of land ownedby someone else (the servient land). Usually, an easementallows the owner of the dominant land to do something on theservient land, such as use a right of way, or run services over it.

EasementPayment

For pipelines and cables this is calculated on a ‘per metre run’basis, related to the value of the affected land and the width ofthe easement required. For overhead lines, this is by multiplierof the annual wayleave payment.

Easement Strip Area covered by easement agreement.

Ecological ClerkofWorks (ECoW)

Suitably qualified person responsible for the planning andimplementation of works on site.

EIA Regulations Infrastructure Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment)Regulations 2009.

Electric Field An electric field is the region around a conductor where a forcewill be experienced by a charge. An electric field is produced bya voltage.

Electrical SafetyClearances

Specified minimum safety clearances that must be maintainedbetween overhead lines and things such as the ground,obstacles, buildings, roads, railways and other power lines.

Electricity Act2 The Electricity Act 1989 provided for the privatisation of theelectricity supply industry. The act established a licensingregime and a regulator (OFGEM).

Electricity Lines Either an overhead line or an underground cable used to

2For more information go to: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/29/contents



Term Definition

transmit electricity.

ElectricitySafety, Qualityand ContinuityRegulations20023

The regulations place requirements relating to the constructionand operation of systems which supply and generate electricity.

ElectromagneticCompatibility

The study of the interaction between the generated electric,magnetic and electro-magnetic field on other equipment.

EmergencyResponse Planfor Flood Events

Details the emergency procedures in the event of a flood.

EnvironmentalAgency (EA)

The Environment Agency was established in 1996 as a non-departmental public body of the Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs covering England and Wales. Since 2013its remit extends to England only.

EnvironmentAgency FloodZone Map

Environment Agency map that delineates the areas that havebeen predicted to be at risk of being flooded during an event ofspecified probability.

EnvironmentalImpactAssessment(EIA)

Environmental Impact Assessment: Process of assessingenvironmental effects from the planning application which isrequired for certain developments under town and countryplanning legislation.

EnvironmentalProtection UK(EPUK)

Environmental Protection UK is a national charity that providesexpert policy analysis and advice on air quality, land quality,waste and noise and their effects on people and communities interms of a wide range of issues including public health, planning,transport, energy and climate.

EnvironmentalStatement (ES)

A statement describing the likely significant effects ofdevelopment on the environment and proposed mitigationmeasures.

EnvironmentallySensitive Area(ESA)

A designation of an agricultural area which needs specialprotection because of its landscape, wildlife or historical value.

EquipotentialZone

An area created at end of each pulling section of overhead linefor safety purposes.

EquivalentContinuousSound Level(Leq)

Equivalent continuous sound level is a notional steady soundlevel that causes the same A-weighted sound energy to bereceived as that due to the actual and possibly fluctuating soundover a period of time T. It can also be used to relate periods ofexposure and noise level. For example, halving or doubling theperiod of exposure is equivalent in sound energy to a decreaseor increase of 3dB(A) in the sound level for the original period.

European An ecological network of protected areas, set up to ensure the

3For more information go to: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2665/contents/made



Term Definition

Protected Site(EPS)

survival of Europe's most valuable species and habitats.

Ex-ante Meaning ‘before the event’ and used to refer to results ofsurveys that have been undertaken before the construction ofNational Grid infrastructure.

Ex-post Meaning ‘after the event’ and used to refer to results of surveysthat have been undertaken following construction of NationalGrid infrastructure.

ExaminingAuthority

(See Planning Inspectorate).

Extremely LowFrequency

A radio frequency or radio-frequency band below 3 kilohertz.

Farmers’ openmeeting

An informal meeting where National Grid and its main contractorinform all affected owners and occupiers about the proposalsand answer any questions or concerns raised.

Fauna All of the animals in a given area.

Flood Defence Infrastructure used to protect an area against floods, such asfloodwalls and embankments. Flood Defences are designed toprovide a certain standard of protection (design standard).

Floodplain Area adjacent to river, coast or estuary that is naturallysusceptible to flooding.

Flood RiskAssessment(FRA)

A flood risk assessment is an assessment of the risk of flooding,particularly in relation to residential, commercial and industrialland use. In England and Wales, the EnvironmentAgency requires a Flood Risk Assessment (FRA) to besubmitted alongside planning applications in areas that areknown to be at risk of flooding.

Flood Storage An area that temporally stores excess runoff or river flow; oftenponds or reservoirs.

Flora All of the plants in a given area.

Fluvial Flooding Flooding by a river or a watercourse.

FrequencyWeightingNetworks

Frequency weighting networks, which are generally built intosound level meters, attenuate the signal at some frequenciesand amplify it at others. The A-weighting network approximatelycorresponds to human frequency response to sound. Soundlevels measured with the A-weighting network are expressed indB(A). Other weighting networks also exist, such as C-weightingwhich is nearly linear (i.e. unweighted) and other morespecialised weighting networks. Variables such as Lp and Leq

that can be measured using such weightings are expressed asLpA / LpC, LAeq / LCeq etc.

FunctionalFloodplain

This zone comprises land where water has to flow or be storedin times of flood. The land would flood with an annual probabilityof 1 in 20 (5%) or greater in any year or is designed to flood inan extreme (0.1%) flood.



Term Definition

General QualityAssessment(GQA)

Process of assessing water quality used by the EnvironmentAgency.

Geoarchaeology The application of earth science principles and techniques to theunderstanding of the archaeological record.

GeographicInformationSystem (GIS)

A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyse,manage, and present spatial data.

Gigawatt (1000million Watts)(GW)

The gigawatt (GW) is equal to one billion (109) watts or 1gigawatt = 1,000 megawatts (MW).

GlobalPositioningSystem (GPS)

Used to determine location.

GLVIA andGLVIA3

The ‘Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment –Third Edition’, Landscape Institute and Institute of EnvironmentalManagement and Assessment, 2013.

Grantor An owner or occupier of land where National Grid transmissionequipment is sited.

Grantor Code Unique identification number for each grantor in the NationalGrid grantor records and payments system.

Green Belt An area of open land around a city, on which building isrestricted.

Grid SupplyPoint (GSP)

A substation forming part of the national electricity transmissionsystem, which supplies electrical power to a Distribution NetworkOperator or other directly connected customer.

Gross EconomicSpend (GES)

Combined amount of all expenditures.

Gross ValueAdded (GVA)

A measure in economics of the value of goods and servicesproduced in an area, industry or sector of an economy.

Groundwater Water that is in the ground, this is usually referring to water inthe saturated zone below the water table.

Habitat The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or otherorganism.

Habitats andSpeciesRegulations

The Regulations place a duty on the Secretary of State topropose a list of sites which are important for either habitats orspecies (listed in Annexes I and II of the Habitats Directiverespectively) to the European Commission.

HabitatRegulationsAssessment(HRA)

Assessment pursuant to the Conservation Natural Habitat andSpecial Regulations 2010, which provide for the protection ofEuropean Sites, Special Areas of Conservation (habitats) andSpecial Protection Areas (birds).

Haul Road A road built to carry heavily loaded trucks at a good speed.

Health andSafety

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is the nationalindependent watchdog for work-related health, safety and



Term Definition

Executive (HSE) illness.

Heritage Asset A building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identifiedas having a degree of significance meriting consideration inplanning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritageasset includes designated heritage assets and assets identifiedby the local planning authority (including local listing).

Heritage Coasts A strip of coastline in England and Wales, the extent of which isdefined by agreement between the relevant statutory nationalagency and the relevant local authority.

HeritageSignificance

Sum of heritage interests of the heritage asset.

Hertz The unit of frequency, symbol is Hz, 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.

High PressurePipeline (HPP)

A pipeline operating at above 7 bar or approximately 102 psi.

High Voltage(HV)

275,000 volts and over. National Grid’s transmission linesgenerally operate at 275,000 and 400,000 volts. Lower voltageline, such as 132,000 volts and 33,000 volts are generallyowned by local distribution companies.

HighwaysEngland (HE)

New government company, previously known as the HighwaysAgency, charged with driving forward our motorways and majorA roads.

HistoricEnvironment(HEn)

All aspects of the environment resulting from the interactionbetween people and places through time, including all survivingphysical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buriedor submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora.

HistoricEnvironmentRecord (HER)

Information services that seek to provide access tocomprehensive and dynamic resources relating to the historicenvironment of a defined geographic area for public benefit anduse.

HistoricLandscapeCharacterisation(HLC)

A method of identifying the historic landscape character of thepresent-day landscape, defining the landscape through a seriesof attributes, primarily the morphology of field boundaries, aswell as processes of enclosure and measurement of pastlandscape changes.

Historic/non-operationallandfill

Locations where there are records of waste being received to beburied but are now closed or covered. The information heldis collated from data held by Local Authorities, the formerDepartment of the Environment, British Geological Society andEnvironment Agency suspended authorised landfill licences.

Holford Rules The “Holford Rules” are a series of overhead line routeingguidelines first developed in 1959 by Lord Holford, adviser to thethen Central Electricity Generating Board on amenity issues.They were reviewed in the 1990s by National Grid. The rules arenot published as a single work but they are referred to in anumber of planning publications including Visual AmenityAspects of High Voltage Transmission by George A. Goulty



Term Definition

(1989) and Planning Overhead Power Line Routes by RJBCarruthers (1987) Research Studies Press Ltd, Letchworth.

ImmisciblePollutants

Pollutants that cannot be mixed in all proportions and remainseparate. Examples include, Benzene (petrol) and Butyl alcohol(component of hydraulic and brake fluid). For the purpose of theEnvironmental Statement, the pollutant must be immiscible inwater.

ImpactMagnitude

This is the scale of change which a given impact may cause.This is compared to the baseline state and consideration isgiven to how the change relates to accepted thresholds andstandards.

ImpactSignificance

The level of significance is defined by the magnitude of impact inrelation to the sensitivity/value of the environmental receptor.

Induced Spend Additional expenditure brought to the local economy throughcontractors and others employed through the ProposedDevelopment.

InjuriousAffection

Devaluation of property caused by presence of apparatus.

Insulator Used to attach the conductors to the towers preventing electricaldischarge to the steelwork.

Interbedded In geology, interbedding occurs when beds (layers of rock) of aparticular lithology lie between or alternate with beds of adifferent lithology.

Interconnector A high voltage connection between the electricity transmissionsystems of different countries.

InternalDrainage Board(IDB)

A type of operating authority which is established in areas ofspecial drainage need in England and Wales with permissivepowers to undertake work to secure clean water drainage andwater level management within drainage districts.

Inundation Flooding.

Kilovolt A unit of power equal to 1000 volts.

kWh The quantity of energy delivered by a 1 kilowatt (1000watt) flowof power for 1 hour. A kettle of power rating 2kW, left used for aperiod of 1 hour continuously would use 2kWh of energy. kWh isalso the “unit” used for the purposes of domestic billing.

LAeq T LAeq is the equivalent continuous sound level and is the soundlevel of a steady sound having the same energy as a fluctuatingsound over the same period. It is possible to consider this levelas the ambient noise encompassing all noise at a given time (T).LAeq is considered the best general purpose index forenvironmental noise.

LA10 LA10 refers to the level exceeded for 10% of the measurementperiod. LA10 is widely used as a descriptor of traffic noise.

LA90 LA90 index represents the noise level exceeded for 90 percent ofthe measurement period and is used to indicate quieter times



Term Definition

during the measurement period. It is usually referred to as thebackground noise level.

LAmax LAmax is maximum recorded noise level during the measurementperiod.

LAmin LAmin is the minimum A-weighted sound pressure level occurringwithin a specified time period.

LandscapeCharacter

A distinct, recognisable and consistent pattern of elements in thelandscape that makes one landscape different from another.

LandscapeCharacterAssessment(LCA)

A systematic process of analysing and describing variation in thecharacter of the landscape, and using this information to assistin managing change in the landscape. Landscape characterassessment seeks to identify and explain the uniquecombination of elements and features that make landscapesdistinctive.

LandscapeCharacter Type

Distinct types of landscape that are relatively homogenous incharacter.

LandscapeElements

Individual components which make up the landscape, such astrees and hedges.

LandscapeReceptor

Defined aspects of the landscape resource that have thepotential to be affected by the Proposed Development.

Lattice Pylon Pylon type widely used on the national electricity transmissionnetworks. Standard lattice pylons are approximately 46.5 metreshigh, 17.1 metres wide, and 7.5 metres wide at the base.4

Lead LocalFlood Authority(LLFA)

Responsible for developing, maintaining and applying a strategyfor local flood risk management in their areas and formaintaining a register of flood risk assets. They also have leadresponsibility for managing the risk of flooding from surfacewater, groundwater and ordinary watercourses.

Letter ofUndertaking

Statement of commitment to landowners where high pressuregas pipelines are to be installed. Explains what we will dobefore, during and after the construction of the pipeline.

Light GoodsVehicles (LGV)

Vehicles which are smaller delivery vans, pickups, 4x4s andcars with a maximum gross weight of 3.5 tonnes.

Light Detectionand Ranging(LiDAR)

LiDAR is a remote sensing technique which measures distanceby illuminating a target with a laser and analysing the reflectedlight. In this case, sensors mounted on aircraft were used togenerate very high resolution mapping of the ground surface.This use of LiDAR is particularly important as it can identify verysubtle surface variations, such as ploughed-out earthworks orgeoarchaeological features, which might not otherwise be visibleto surveyors. LiDAR survey can also be used to identifyearthworks which are within areas of woodland or standingcrops.

4The heights of pylons given above are averages specific to the Richborough Connection project, and may increase from

that stated above in order to gain longer distance between pylons due to particular technical or environmental constraints.



Term Definition

LightingScheme

Identifies the detail of the location, type and use of lighting at theconstruction site.

Limits ofDeviation (LoD)

A maximum distance or measurement of variation within whichthe works must be constructed. These are lateral (i.e. on theground) and vertical limits (in relation to pylon height).

Line patrol A team who carry out visual inspections of an overhead linewhich can be done on foot or by helicopter to check towerstructures, insulators, fittings and tree growth etc. in the vicinityof the overhead line. Helicopters may hover near the tower for 5to 10 minutes.

LINSIG Traffic modelling software to design traffic signals.

Listed Building A building of special architectural or historic interest which hasbeen included on a list approved by the Secretary of State underthe Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act1990 (known as the “Statutory List of Buildings of SpecialArchitectural or Historic Interest”).

Lithology The lithology of a rock unit is a description of its physicalcharacteristics visible at outcrop, in hand or core samples or withlow magnification microscopy, such as colour, texture, grainsize, or composition.

Lnight,outside Refers to the EU definition in Directive 2002/49/EC: equivalentoutdoor sound pressure level associated with a particular type ofnoise source during night-time (at least 8 hours), calculated overa period of a year.

LocalDevelopmentFramework(LDF)

Local Authority documents containing planning policies for thedistrict.

LocalLandscapeCharacter Area(LLCA)

Identified within a Landscape Character Assessment availablefrom the relevant Local Planning Authority.

Local PlanningAuthority (LPA)

The level of Government responsible for planning within a givenadministrative area. Within the study area this is Kent CountyCouncil, Thanet District Council, Dover District Council andCanterbury City Council.

Local WildlifeSite (LWS)

A site identified and selected for their local nature conservationvalue.

Low HeightLattice Pylon

Similar to the standard lattice pylon but with only two crossarms, it is approximately 35 metres high and 30 metres wide.The base is approximately seven metres.5

5The heights of pylons given above are averages specific to the Richborough Connection project, and may increase from

that stated above in order to gain longer distance between pylons due to particular technical or environmental constraints.



Term Definition

LowestObservedAdverse EffectLevel (LOAEL)

This is the level above which adverse effects on health andquality of life can be detected as a result of noise.

Lw (Soundpower levels)

These are used to describe the noise output of a noise source.

Magnetic Field A measure of the force experienced by a moving electric charge,due to the motion of other charges.

MaximumSound PressureLevel orMaximum NoiseLevel (Lmax)

This is the maximum Root Mean Square sound pressure leveloccurring within a specified period. The time weighting is usuallyspecified, such as in Lfmax.

Microshock Small discharges sometimes experienced when touching ametal object in an electric field, similar to touching a filingcabinet or door knob after walking across a nylon carpet.

MineralPlanningAuthority (MPA)

The Minerals Planning Authority is part of the planning group orcounty development unit of the Local Authority.

MisciblePollutants

Pollutants that can be mixed in all proportions, including, Methylalcohol (anti-freeze in vehicle washer fluid) and Isopropyl alcohol(de-icer). For the purpose of theEnvironmental Statement, the pollutant must be miscible inwater.

Mitigation Measures which are incorporated into the design orimplementation of a development project for the purpose ofavoiding, reducing, remedying or compensating for its adverseenvironmental impacts. It may also include measures to provideenvironmental benefits.

ms Millisecond (one thousandth of a second).

NationalCharacter Areas(NCA's)

NCAs divide England into 159 distinct natural areas. Each isdefined by a unique combination of landscape, biodiversity,geodiversity and cultural and economic activity. Theirboundaries follow natural lines in the landscape rather thanadministrative boundaries, making them a good decision makingframework for the natural environment.

National CycleNetwork (NCN)

The National Cycle Network (sometimes known as the NCN) is aseries of safe, traffic-free paths and quiet on-road cycling andwalking routes that connect to major towns and cities in the UK.

NationalElectricityTransmissionSystemSecurity andQuality ofSupply

The NETS SQSS sets out a coordinated set of criteria andmethodologies that the Transmission Licensees shall use in theplanning and operation of the national electricity transmissionsystem.



Term Definition

Standard (NETSSQSS)

National Grid National Grid operate the national electricity transmissionnetwork across Great Britain and own and maintain the networkin England and Wales, providing electricity supplies fromgenerating stations to local distribution companies. It does notdistribute electricity to individual premises, but its role in thewholesale market is vital to ensuring a reliable, secure andquality supply to all.

National NatureReserve (NNR)

NNRs are designated under the National Parks and Access tothe Countryside Act 1949 or the Wildlife and Countryside Act1981 (as amended) primarily for nature conservation, but canalso include sites with special geological or physiographicfeatures. They were established to protect the most importantarea of wildlife habitat and geological formations in Britain, andas places for scientific research. All NNRs receive SSSIdesignation under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended).

NationalPlanning PolicyFramework(NPPF)

The National Planning Policy Framework is a key part of thegovernment’s reforms to make the planning system lesscomplex and more accessible. It vastly simplifies the number ofpolicy pages about planning. The planning practice guidance tosupport the framework is published online and regularlyupdated.

NationalVegetationClassification(NVC)

NVC is a key common standard developed for the countrynature conservation agencies which aims to produce acomprehensive classification and description of the plantcommunities of Britain, each systematically named and arrangedwith standardised descriptions for each.

Natural England(NE)

A Government Agency promoting the conservation of England’swildlife and natural features and responsible for designatingNational Nature Reserves, identifying Sites of Special ScientificInterest and for advising a wide range of bodies and individualsincluding the Government on matters affecting NatureConservation.

Nemo Link® A project to construct an electrical interconnector between theUK and Belgium known as the Nemo Link® interconnector. It isa joint project between National Grid Nemo Link Limited, asubsidiary company of the UK’s National Grid Plc, and theBelgian Elia Group.

Net AdditionalExpenditure(NAE)

This is the gross expenditure associated with the ProposedDevelopment minus expenditure that would have been investedin the area if the Proposed Development had not progressed.

No ObservedEffect Level(NOEL)

This is the noise level below which no effect can be detected. Insimple terms, below this level, there is no detectable effect onhealth and quality of life due to the noise.



Term Definition

Noise The ratio between the quietest audible sound and the loudesttolerable sound is a million to one in terms of the change insound pressure. Due to this wide range, a scale based onlogarithms is used in noise level measurement. The scale usedis the decibel (dB) scale which extends from 0 to 140 decibels(dB) corresponding to the intensity of the sound pressure level.The ear has the ability to recognise a particular sounddepending on the pitch or frequencies found at the source.Microphones cannot differentiate noise in the same way as theear; and to counter this weakness the noise measuringinstrument applies a correction to correspond more closely tothe frequency response of the ear. The correction factor iscalled “A Weighting” and the resulting measurements are writtenas dB(A). “A Weighting” refers to the noise level that representsthe human ear’s response to sound. The dB(A) unit isinternationally accepted and has been found to correspond wellwith people’s subjective reaction to noise.

Non-prescribedConsultees

Additional consultees not required to be consulted under thePlanning Act 2008.

NoSTRA project A project which aims at studying the necessary governancetools to ensure a sustainable development of straits and todevelop their functions as gateways to hinterlands and toexternal territories around the issues of economic development,transport, tourism and biodiversity.

One-wayMovement

One vehicle movement, either to or from a work site, so forexample a delivery to a site will consist of two one-waymovements, one to the site carrying a load and one runningempty away from the site.

Optical GroundWire (OPGW)

Combines the role of earthing the overhead line and providingfibre optic capability for telecommunications.

OrdnanceDatum (OD)

A vertical datum point used by the OS as a reference point forthe level or altitude of any point.

Order Limits The presently anticipated maximum extent of land within whichthe proposed development may take place.

Outage The withdrawal from service of any part of the transmissionsystem for a period of time in connection with repair,maintenance, or construction of the transmission system.

Outcrop A proportion of bedrock or other stratum protruding through thesoil level.

OutlineArchaeologicalWritten SchemeofInvestigation

Sets out the steps that need to be taken to mitigating thepredicted effects on archaeology, geo-archaeology and historiclandscape heritage assets.

OverheadConductors

Metallic wires strung from tower to tower to carry the electriccurrent.



Term Definition

Overhead(pylon) Line

Conductor (wire) carrying electric current, strung from pylon topylon.

Overhead linerefurbishment

Repair and renewal of conductors, earthwire, fittings andinsulators and, where necessary, remedial works to the pylonand foundations.

PM2.5 Particulate matter of size fraction approximating to<2.5mm diameter.

PM10 Particulate Matter: Pollutant associated with vehicle traffic.

Palaeo-environmentalArchaeology

The study of past human economy and environment using earthand life sciences. It tells us about ecological, cultural, economic,and climate change.

PC Route A new 400,000 volts (400kV) overhead line betweenRichborough and Canterbury North 400kV Substations

Peak Flow The highest number of vehicles in a certain flow during a givenscenario.

Peak ParticleVelocity (PPV)

The peak velocity of a particle in a medium as it transmits awave. Not to be confused with the speed of wave propagation ina medium.

Percentile orStatisticalLevels (LN)

Calculation of the noise level which is exceeded for a certainpercent of a total period. Background noise is often defined asthe A-weighted sound pressure level exceeded for 90% of thespecified period T, expressed L90,T. Road traffic noise is oftencharacterised in terms of LA10,18h.

Persons with aninterest in land(PILs)

Persons with an interest in land which is the subject of theDevelopment Consent Order (DCO) (within Category 1, 2 or 3as set out in section 44 of the Planning Act 2008.

Phase OneHabitat Survey

The Phase 1 habitat classification and associated field surveytechnique provides a relatively rapid system to recordseminatural vegetation and other wildlife habitats. Each habitattype/feature is defined by way of a brief description and isallocated a specific name, an alpha-numeric code, and uniquemapping colour. The system has been widely used andcontinues to act as the standard ‘phase 1’ technique for habitatsurvey across the UK.

Piling The installation of bored and driven piles and the effecting ofground treatments by vibratory dynamic and other methods ofground stabilisation.

Pluvial Flooding Flooding that results from rainfall-generated overland flow,before the runoff enters any watercourse or sewer.

PollutionIncident ControlPlan (PICP)

Identifies how the risk of pollution due to construction works,materials and extreme weather events will be controlled andidentifies the remedial actions in the event of an incident.

Planning Act20086

The Act which governs the determination of applications forconsent for Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects (NSIPs).

6For more information go to: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/29/contents



Term Definition

Planning andCompulsoryPurchase Act20047

An Act to make provision relating to spatial development andtown and country planning; and the compulsory acquisition ofland.

PlanningInspectorate

An executive agency of the Department for Communities andLocal Government which deals with planning appeals, nationalinfrastructure planning applications, examinations of local plansand other planning-related and specialist casework in Englandand Wales.8

PreferredCorridor/ NorthCorridor

The area of land through which we are proposing to build theconnection.

Pre-sanctionengineeringworks

Surveys to assess work needed.

PrescribedConsultees

Persons and organisations required to be consulted about theproject under sections 42, 43 and 44 of the Planning Act 2008and set out in Schedule 1 of the Infrastructure Planning(Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations2009.

Principal Aquifer These are layers of rock or drift deposits that have highintergranular and/or fracture permeability - meaning they usuallyprovide a high level of water storage. They may support watersupply and/or river base flow on a strategic scale. In most cases,principal aquifers are aquifers previously designated as majoraquifer.

the Project The Richborough Connection Project.

Property plate Identity plate on tower giving tower number and emergencytelephone number.

ProposedDevelopment

The Richborough Connection Project.

Proposed DraftRoute

The route along which we propose to build the overheadconnection. The route is draft because it may still be changeddepending on further environmental and technical studies anddiscussions with landowners, tenants, the public and otherbodies.

Public Rights ofWay (PRoW)

A footpath, bridleway or restricted byway on which the publichave a legally protected right to pass and re-pass.

Public Rights ofWayManagementPlan (PRoWMP)

Describes where the Public Rights of Way will be affected andhow the Public Rights of Way will be managed, to ensure theyare safe to use and the disruption to the users of the PublicRights of Way is minimised.

7For more information go to: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/5/introduction

8For more information go to: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations



Term Definition

Private WaterSupplies (PWS)

Individual water systems, generally wells and springs, servingone or several residences.

Pulling site A site where the winching equipment that is used to pull throughthe new conductors is located

Pylon Overhead line structure used to carry overhead electricalconductors, insulators and fittings.

PX Route An existing 132kV overhead line that connects between UKPower Networks Canterbury South and Richborough 132kVsubstations,

PY Route Another UK Power Networks overhead line that connectsbetween Richborough and Thanet 132kV substations.

RadioFrequency (RF)

Frequencies much higher than power frequencies, where radioand TV broadcasts and mobile phones operate.

RadioFrequencyInterference(RFI)

Any electromagnetic phenomenon, which may degrade theperformance of equipment in the radio spectrum. Anelectromagnetic disturbance may be electromagnetic noise, anunwanted signal or a change in the propagation medium itself.

Ramsar Sites designated under the Ramsar Convention. Designationcovers all aspects of wetland conservation and wise use,recognising wetlands as ecosystems that are extremelyimportant for biodiversity conservation in general and for thewell-being of human communities.

Rating Level The A-weighted, Leq, sound pressure level of the sound inquestion at the assessment location over time period T, adjustedfor any tonal character and impulsiveness.

Receptor The physical resource or user group that would respond to aneffect e.g. somebody or something adversely affected by apollutant.

Record ofCondition

Document detailing land condition before works begin.

Referencing The gathering of information relating to land ownership andtenancies along the route of the pipeline corridor.

Refurbishment The replacement of old conductors (wires), insulators,earthwires, etc on an existing overhead line.

Registered Parkand Garden

A site included on a register held by English Heritage by virtue ofits special historic interest. Registered Parks and Gardens maybe Grade I (“exceptional interest”), Grade II* (“particularlyimportant, of more than special interest”) or Grade II (“of specialinterest, warranting every effort to preserve them”).

RegisteredWaste Carrier(RWC)

The Control of Pollution (Amendment) Act 1989 and theControlled Waste (Registration of Carriers and Seizure ofVehicles) Regulations 1991 require that any person whotransports/makes arrangements for management of waste in thecourse of any business without being registered with theappropriate registration authority commits an offence, unless



Term Definition

they are exempt.

RepresentativeViewpoints

Representative viewpoints, as defined by GLVIA3, are selectedto represent the experience of different types of visual receptor,where larger numbers of viewpoints cannot all be includedindividually and where the significant effects are unlikely todiffer.

Residual Effects Effects of construction, operation and decommissioning of theProposed Development after mitigation measures have beenapplied.

Residual Impact The perceived impact(s) to a receptor after mitigation andmanagement measures have been implemented.

RichboroughConnectionProject (RCP)

A new electricity connection between Richborough andCanterbury project to join the Nemo Link® (an electricity linkbetween Belgium and the UK) to the UK’s existing electricitynetwork.

River BasinManagementPlan (RBMP)

Plans developed to meet the requirements of the WaterFramework Directive, including a description of the currentstatus of water bodies, and measures that will be put in place toimprove the status where required.

River TerraceDeposits

Bench or step that extends alongside of a valley and representsa former level of the valley floor. A terrace results from anyhydrological or climatic shift that causes renewed down cutting.The deposits left by this process comprise sand and gravel clay,silt, sand and gravel, locally with lenses of clay, silt or peat.

Route Corridor(RC)

A defined linear area identified on a map which may be ofvariable width and whose extent at any point is typically definedby constraints or differentiation from other route corridors.

Route CorridorStudy (RCS)

An appraisal of the high level planning and environmentalconstraints to identify potential route corridor options within adefined study area.

Running track Land immediately adjacent to the pipeline trench containedwithin the working width for the use of vehicles required duringconstruction.

Safety, HealthandEnvironmental(SHE) Plan

Details relevant safety, health and environmental informationrelating to all land within a construction site.

Scoping Scoping is the process of determining the content and extent ofmatters that should be covered in the environmental impactassessment.

Scoping Report Report determining the content and extent of matters that shouldbe covered in the environmental impact assessment.

Sealing-Endcompound(SEC)

High voltage sealing-ends installed in large compounds of abouthalf an acre containing terminal towers and other equipment.They are required where underground cables are connected to



Term Definition

overhead lines.

section ‘Sections’ have been identified along the route of the 400kVconnection from Richborough to Canterbury based on areas ofsimilar landscape character (Sections A-D inclusive).

section 42 (ofthe Planning Act2008) s42

Section of the Planning Act 2008 requiring consultation ofspecifically identified groups.

section 42consultees (s42consultees)

Statutory stakeholders as defined by the Planning Act 2008.

section 47 (ofthe Planning Act2008) (s47)

Section of the Planning Act 2008 requiring consultation of thelocal community and preparation of a Statement of CommunityConsultation setting out how such consultation will beconducted.

section 48 (ofthe Planning Act2008) (s48)

Section of the Planning Act 2008 requiring publication of noticesregarding statutory consultation.

ScheduledAncientMonument(SAM)

A nationally important site or monument contained on aschedule held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

Sequential Test The risk based approach for assessing flood risk presented inNational Planning Policy Framework. The Sequential Testadvocates development in areas of lowest risk first.

SequentialViews

Sequential views are views recorded along the length of publicroutes identified for assessment. A description records changesto views as the receptor travels along the identified route.

Setting (forheritage assets)

The surroundings in which an asset is experienced. The extentof the setting is not fixed and may change as an asset and itssurroundings evolve. Elements of a setting may make a positiveor negative contribution to the significance of an asset, mayaffect the ability to appreciate that significance or may beneutral.

Severance The perceived division that can occur within a community whenit becomes separated by a major traffic artery.

SignificantObservedAdverse EffectLevel (SOAEL)

This is the level above which significant adverse effects onhealth and quality of life occur due to noise.

Sites of SpecialScientificInterest (SSSI)

Areas designated under UK legislation for the protection ofsensitive wildlife habitats or geological environments.

Soil The surface layer of the Earth’s crust composed of weatheredrock, alive and dead organic matter (plant roots, soil fauna andmicroorganisms), water and air. Soil has important functions



Term Definition

such as providing habitat for plant growth, transformation ofmineral and organic compounds, carbon storage (in soil organicmatter, or humus), water and air filtration, support for buildingsand protection of archaeological artefacts. Soil is typicallydivided into horizontal layers, the main ones are: topsoil andsubsoil. Topsoil is the most biologically active and fertile surfacelayer rich in organic matter. Typical topsoil depth is 25 to 35 cm(plough layer in arable farming). Subsoil is typicallycharacterised by low content of organic matter (except peat ororganic soils) and is less biologically active and fertile. It typicallyextends to 1.20m or bedrock, if the soil is shallower.

SoilManagementPlan (SMP)

Identifies the nature of the soil, areas of potential difficultyarising from the nature of the soil, such as poor trafficability,excavatability and soil handling properties. Describes how worksshould be undertaken to minimise effects on the nature andquality of the soil.

SourceProtection Zone(SPZ)

Wells, boreholes and springs that are used for public drinkingwater supply. The zones show the risk of contamination fromactivities that might cause groundwater pollution in the area. Thesize and shape of a zone depends upon subsurface conditions,how the groundwater is removed, and other environmentalfactors.

South Corridor An area of land through which we considered building theRichborough Connection. We announced that this option hadbeen rejected in November 2013.

Span The distance from one tower to the next.

Span length Distance between adjacent pylons.

Special Area ofConservation(SAC)

Special Area of Conservation: Statutorily designated natureconservation site considered to be of international importance.

SpecialProtection Area(SPA)

Statutorily designated nature conservation site considered to beof international importance.

Species A group of living organisms consisting of similar individualscapable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.

StandardIndustrialClassifications(StandardIndustry Code)– (SIC)

A system for classifying industries.

Standard LatticePylon

The tension pylon (turning a 30 degree corner) is about 49m talland about 20m wide at its widest point; the suspension pylonsare about 50m tall and about 20m wide at its widest point.

Statement ofCommunity

Statement of Community Consultation in accordance withSection 47 of the Act - A statement of how consultation will be



Term Definition

Consultation(SoCC)

undertaken published by National Grid prior to statutoryconsultation, as required by the Planning Act 2008, andfollowing consultation with the local planning authorities.

Strategic FloodRiskAssessments(SFRA)

Strategic Flood Risk Assessments (SFRAs) are a required partof the local planning process. SFRAs are primarily produced bylocal planning authorities, in consultation with the EnvironmentAgency, and are intended to form the basis for preparingappropriate policies for flood risk management at the local level.

Stratum In geology and related fields, a stratum is a layer of sedimentaryrock or soil with internally consistent characteristics thatdistinguish it from other layers.

StatutoryConsultation

The formal period of public consultation, prior to deciding aplanning application.

StatutoryConsultee

A national public organisation or body that must be consultedwith on planning applications, depending on the nature of thedevelopment and its location.

StatutoryUndertakers

Persons with regulatory powers and duties, such as gas,electricity, water and transport providers or transmitters.

Substation Electricity generated at power stations is fed into the NationalGrid system through associated substations. They control theflow of power through the system by means of transformers andswitchgear, with facilities for control, fault protection andcommunications.

SuspensionTower

Tower where conductors are suspended by a vertical insulatorstring. Suspension towers support the conductors on straightstretches of overhead line.

SuperficialGeology

Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formedduring the most recent period of geological time, theQuaternary, which extends back about 2.6 million years from thepresent. They rest on older deposits or rocks referred to asbedrock or solid geology.

Super OutputArea (SOA)

One of a range of statistical geographies developed by theOffice for National Statistics. They are subdivided into LowerLayer Super Output Areas and Middle Layer Super OutputAreas. They are intended to be of consistent size with stableboundaries They were designed to improve the reporting ofsmall area statistics and are built up from groups of OutputAreas.

SuspendedSolids

Non soluble particles, such as sand grains and silt particles,carried in suspension in water.

Syncline A structural geological feature (a fold) with the younger strata inthe centre of the structure.



Term Definition

T-pylon New type of pylon, approximately 35 metres tall, 23 metres wideat the top of the ‘T’ and two metres wide at the base.9

Tee-ins Where a new route or circuit joins into an existing route or circuitthus creating a Tee.

Tee Point The point at which two electrical routes connect together.

Tensioningsite

A site where the new conductor is fed out from. This alsoincludes a tensioning winch to keep the conductor off theground.

Terminal tower Towers erected at the end of the overhead line to terminate theline at substations or where overhead lines are connected tounderground cables. Because of the uneven load on one side ofthe tower, much deeper and heavier foundations are required onthe unloaded side.

The CaliforniaBearingRatio (CBR)

A penetration test for evaluation of the mechanical strength ofroad sub-grades and base courses. The test is performed bymeasuring the pressure required to penetrate a soil sample witha plunger of standard area.

Thematic Group Groups of statutory and non-statutory consultees convenedaround specific topic areas to help to shape the surveysundertaken as part of the Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) and discuss their respective findings.

Time Weighting Sound level meters use various averaging times for themeasurement of Route Mean Square sound pressure level. Themost commonly used are fast (0.125 s averaging time), slow (1saveraging time) and impulse (0.035 s averaging time). Variablesthat are measures with time weightings are expressed asLAFmax etc.

Tower painting Application of a protective coating to tower steel work, generallyby brush, to protect from weathering and corrosion.

Track out The transport of dust and dirt from the construction/demolitionsite onto the public road network, where it may be deposited andthen re-suspended by vehicles using the network.

Transmissionline

A National Grid overhead line which transmits electricitybetween National Grid’s substations. Power is transmitted athigh voltages (275kV or above) between power stations where itis generated and the local electricity supply networks of theregional distribution network operators where it is transformed tolower voltages (132 kV or below) for supply via distribution linesto local communities.

Traffic/TransportAssessment(TA)

A TA is a comprehensive and systematic process that sets outtransport issues relating to a proposed development. It identifieswhat measures will be taken to deal with the anticipatedtransport impacts of the scheme.

9 The heights of pylons given above are averages specific to the Richborough Connection project, and may increase from that statedabove in order to gain longer distance between pylons due to particular technical or environmental constraints.



Term Definition

Transposed /Untransposed

Each tower contains two circuits, one on each side of the tower.Each circuit has three ‘phases’ which are arranged vertically. Ifthe circuits are ‘transposed’, the phase order on one side of thetower is the reverse of that on the other side, (this is oftenreferred to as optimal phasing). If the circuits are ‘untransposed’,the phase order is the same on both sides of the tower.

UK PowerNetworks(UPKN)

UK Power Network means UK Power Networks (Operations)Limited (registered company number 03870728) and/or itsaffiliate South Eastern Power Networks plc (registered companynumber 03043097) as applicable.

Underdrainage Sometimes called field drainage, it is a system of pipes made ofplastic or clay that are laid under agricultural land at a depth of0.75 to 1.5m. Underdrainage rapidly removes excess soil waterto reduce or eliminate waterlogging (a condition when all emptyspaces in the soil are filled with water) and return the soils totheir natural field capacity (when the water drained away fromlarge soil pores under the force of gravity and some air ispresent). Underdrainage is connected to open drainage ditchesat field boundaries which collect the water and transport it awayfrom the field.

Undergroundcable

Refers to one or more electricity circuits buried below ground incable trenches or troughs.

Uprating Changing the capacity of existing overhead line by replacing theexisting conductors with larger capacity conductors.

UnproductiveAquifer

These are rock layers or drift deposits with low permeability thathave negligible significance for water supply or river base flow.

V The unit of electrical voltage, symbol V

VerifiedPhotomontage

A visualisation which superimposes an image of a proposeddevelopment upon a photograph or series of photographs, usinga method that is able to be replicated or ‘verified’ by others. Theinformation required to replicate the process of creating thevisualisation is retained.

Visual Amenity The value of a particular area or view in terms of what is seen.

Visual Receptor Individuals and/or defined groups of people who have thepotential to see the Proposed Development.

Visualisation Computer simulation, photomontage or other technique toillustrate the appearance of the Proposed Development.

Voltage The electrical potential difference between two points.

Voltage SourceConvertors

A type of HVDC converter which uses electronic switches whichcan be controlled on and off.

Volt per metre The unit of electric field (electric stress or voltage gradient).

Waste TransferNote

Describes the waste passed on, where it was passed to and towhom it has been passed on to.

Water The Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) commits



Term Definition

FrameworkDirective (WFD)

European Union member states to achieve good qualitative andquantitative status of all water bodies.

Watt The unit of electric power, product of Volts x Amperes.

WayleaveAgreement

Annual Licence granted by the owner and occupier of landgiving National Grid the right to install, use and maintain itsequipment. Terms of the Wayleave Agreement provide for theannual rental and compensation payments to be made.

Working strip The temporary area required to facilitate the construction of apipeline. These are generally the temporary area required tofacilitate the construction of a pipeline. These are generally twicethe width of the easement rights strip.

World HeritageSite (WHS)

A natural or man-made site, area, or structure recognized asbeing of outstanding international importance and therefore asdeserving special protection. Sites are nominated to anddesignated by the World Heritage Convention (an organizationof UNESCO).

Zone ofTheoreticalVisibility (ZTV)

The area of potential or theoretical visibility of the developmentbased upon the height of the ridgelines applied to DTM (digitalterrain model) data for a defined study area using a suitablesoftware programme. The DTM does not take into account theinfluence of built development and vegetation such as tree coverand any local variations ‘smoothed out’ by using dataaggregated by taking spot heights on a 50m grid. Alsosometimes called a ZVI (Zone of Visual Influence).

Contact us

Visit our project website: www.richboroughconnection.co.uk

Send an email to: [email protected]

Write to our freepost address at: FREEPOST RICHBCONNECTION

Call our freephone number: 0800 157 7878

Follow us on Twitter: @NGRichborough

1.5 Glossary (Final) - Planning Inspectorate · CDM Regulations Construction (Design and...

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