1

A comparative dictionary of Hindi and Urdu

Compiled by Anand Kumar

2

Preface

Hindi and Urdu are considered sister languages. Although they are written in

different scripts, they share the same grammar, syntax and vocabulary. However, in

registers such as literature, legislation, administration and religion, the lexical

differences between these two languages become obvious. Hindi frequently draws on

Sanskrit whereas Urdu borrows words from Arabic and Persian. This dictionary aims at

presenting the lexical differences between Hindi and Urdu in formal contexts.

This work is divided into two parts: the first one consists of English words with their

Hindi and Urdu translation. The second half of the dictionary lists Hindi words in

alphabetical order followed by their Urdu counterparts. The Devanagari script is used

for both Hindi and Urdu words.

3

English Hindi Urdu

Key:

The first word after each entry is Hindi and the second is the Urdu equivalent. A slash

separates the Hindi from the Urdu. If there is more than one Hindi or Urdu word, a

comma separates both words. For example,

Await, to , / ,

HINDI HINDI URDU URDU

A

Ability /

Abridge, to /

Accent /

Accept, to /

Accident /

Accidental /

According (to) /

Accuracy /,

Accusation /

Accuse, to /

Acquainted /

Active /

Actor /

Actress /

4

Adequate /

Adjective /

Administer, to /

Adultery /

Advantage /

Advertise /

Advertisement /

Affect, to /

Affected /

Affection , /

Against /

Age , /

Aid /

Ail /

Aim (intention, plan) /

Albeit /

Alike , /

Alive /

All /

Almost /

Alphabet /

Ambassador /,

Analogy /

5

Ancient /

And /,

Angel /

Anger /

Angry /,

Animal /,

Annual /

Another /

Answer /

Anxiety /,

Anxious /,

Apostle /

Appendix /

Appoint, to /

Approve, to /

Archangel /--

Archive /

Area /

Army /

Aroma /

Arrangement /

Arrogance /

Art /,

6

Article /

Artist /

Association /

Atheism /

Attain, to /

Attempt , /

Audience /

Authority /

Autobiography /

Available /

Await, to , / ,

B

Barrier /

Base /

Beautiful /,

Beauty /,

Beginning /,

Behave, to / ,

Belief /

Beloved /

Best /

Betray, to /

Beware, to , /

7

Biography /

Bird /

Birth /

Birthday /, --

Birthplace /--

Blaspheme /--

Blemish /

Bless, to / ,

Blessed /

Bliss /

Blood /

Bodily /

Body , /,

Book , /

Bookseller /

Brain /

Brave /

Breath /

Brief /

Brotherhood /

Busy /

But , /,

Buyer /,

C

8

Calamity , /,

Calm /

Capability /

Capital (city) /

Carpenter /

Castle , /

Cause /

Celebration /

Celestial , /

Central /

Centre /

Century /

Certain (as in certain people) /

Certainly , /

Change /

Chapter /

Choice /

Chronicle , /-

Circle /

Circumstances /, --

Citizen /

City /

Clan , /

9

Cleanliness /,

Coexistence -/

Collection /,

Commend, to /

Comment , /,

Common /

Comparison /,

Compassion /,

Complaint , /

Complete /

Concerning /

Conclusion /

Congregation /

Conscience /

Consent /

Contact, to /

Contempt , /,

Control /

Conversation /

Conversion (religious) /--

Corruption /

Countless , /

Country /,

10

Courage /

Court /

Create, to /

Creation /,

Creator /--

Crime /

Crown , /

Culture /

Cure , /

Curse /

Curtain /

Custom /

D

Daily /,

Damage /

Danger /

Dangerous /

Dawn /

Day /,

Dead /

Death /,

Debt , /

Decree /

Dedicate, to /

11

Definition , /

Delicate /

Delicious /,

Demon , /,

Demonstration /

Description , /,

Deserve, to /

Desire /, ,

Despair , /

Desperate /

Destination /

Destitute /,

Destroy, to /

Destroyed /

Destruction /,

Detail /

Detailed /

Dialogue /

Dictionary , /

Difference /

Difficult /

Difficulty , /,

Directly /-

12

Disagreement /

Disciple /

Discipline /--

Discrimination /

Discuss, to /

Disdain, to , /

Disease /

Disobedience /-

Disobey, to /-

Divine /

Divulge, to /

Doubt /

Drawing /

Dread /

Dream , /

E

Each /

Eager /

Earth /

Earthquake /

East , /

Easy /

Edition /

Education /

13

Emblem , /

Emotion /

Emotional /

Emperor /,

Empire , /

Empty /

End , /,

Enemy /

Entry /

Envy /

Epoch /,

Especially / ,

Esteem, to /

Etcetera /

Eternal , /

Evident /

Evil /

Evolution /

Exam /

Example , /

Excellent , /

Exercise / (physical) /

Existence /,

14

Expect, to /

Experience /

Experienced /

F

Face /

Faithful /

Family /

Famine /

Famous /

Fast, to /

Fate /

Father /,

Fear /

Fearless /

Feeling /

Female /

Fertile /

Festival , /

Festivity ,

Fight /

Figurative /

Finish, to /

Fire /

Firm , /

15

First /

Flame /

Flavour /

Food /

Fool /,

Foot /

Force, to /

Fragrance /

Free /

Freedom /

Friday /

Friend /

Friendly /

Friendship , /

Funeral /

Future /

G

Garden /

Genealogy /

Gentleman /

Gesture /

Gift /,

Glory , , /

God , /,

16

Gospel /

Grammar /

Great /

Group /

Guidance /

Guilt , /

Guilty , /

H

Happiness , /

Happy /

Hate , /,

Head /

Health /,

Healthy /

Heart /

Heaven /,

Hell /,

Help /

Helper /

Hill /,

History /,

Holiness /,

Holy /,

Honey /

17

Honour , /,

Honourable /,

Hope /

Human /

Humanity , /

Husband /

Hypocrisy /,

Hypocritical /,

I

Ice /

Idea /

Idolatry -/

If /

Ignorant /

Imaginary , /

Imagine, to /

Impartial /,

Impediment /

Imperfect /

Implore, to /

Important /,

Impossible /

Incident /

Incite, to /

18

Independence /

Independent /

Influence /

Initial /

Injustice /, -

Innocent /

Inspire, to , /

Instant /

Instantly /

Instruction /

Intention /,

International /--

Invisible /

Invitation , /

Island /

J

Jest /

Jewel /

Journalism /-

Journalist /

Journey /

Judge /

Judge, to /

Judgement /

19

Justice /

K

Kind , /

King /

Kingdom /

Knowledge /,

L

Lady /

Lamb /

Lament , /,

Land , /

Language /,

Law /

Leader /

Leaf /

Lecture , /

Leisure , /

Lesson /

Letter (alphabet) , / (post) , /

Library /

Life /

Light , /

Like (similar) /

Limit /

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Line /

Lion /

List /

Literal /--,

Literature /

Local (Adj.) /

Location /,

Lord , /,

Love , /,

Lover /

Luxury /-

M

Magazine /

Main , /

Mainly /

Majority /

Male /

Man , /,

Manner , /

Manuscript /, -

Marriage /

Married /-

Matter /

Meaning /,

21

Meat /

Meet, to /

Meeting /

Melody /,

Memory /

Mental /

Mention, to /

Merciful /,

Merciless /,

Mercy , , /,

Merely , /,

Message /

Messenger /

Military /

Mind /

Minister /

Miracle /

Mirror /

Mistake /

Month /

Mood /

Moon , /

Moral /

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More , /,

Morning , /

Mother /,

Mourn, to /

Much /

Mundane /

Murder /

Murderer /

Museum /

Music /

Musician /

Mystery /

N

Namely /

Nation /,

National /

Nationalism /-, -

Naturally /

Nature /

Near /

Need /

New /,

Newspaper /

Nightmare /

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Normal /

North /

Noteworthy /--

Novel /

Number /

O

Oath /,

Obedience , /

Obey, to / ,

Obligation /

Obligatory /

Occur, to , /

Ocean /

Offspring /

Omnipotent /-

Oneself /

Opinion /

Opponent /

Oppression , , /--

Oppressive , /

Oral , /

Ordinary /

Organization /

Overcome, to /

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Owner /

P

Pace /

Pacify, to /

Pact , /

Page /

Pain /

Parable /

Paradise /

Pardon /,

Parents -/-,

Part /

Partial /

Partiality /

Partition /

Passenger /

Past /,

Patience /

Patient , /

Peace /,

Peaceful , /-, -

Percentage /

Perfect /

Perfection /

25

Persevere, to /

Person , /,

Personal , /

Personality /

Physical /

Picture /

Place /

Plague , /

Plan /,

Poem , /,

Poet /

Poison /

Politician /

Politics /

Popular /

Population /

Possession /

Possibility /

Possible /

Power /

Powerful , /

Practical /

Practise, to /

26

Pray, to /

Prayer /,

Preach, to / ,

Precious /

Prefer, to /

Pregnancy /

Pregnant /

Presence /

Present /

Pride /

Prince /

Princess /

Principle /

Problem , /,

Product /

Profession /

Programme /

Progress /

Promise /

Prophecy , /

Prophet /,

Protect, to /

Protection , /

27

Protector /,

Proud /

Prudence /

Prudent /

Psalm /

Psychology /--

Publish, to /

Pure /

Q

Quality /,

Question /

R

Ransom /,

Rarely /,

Reaction /

Real , /,

Reason /,

Reciprocal /,

Refer, to /

Refusal /

Regret /

Regular /

Reign, to /

Relationship /

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Reliable / ,

Religion /

Religious /

Remaining /

Repent, to /

Reporter /

Request /

Research /

Resignation , /

Rest /

Result /

Resurrection /

Revolution /

Rhyme , /

Rich /

Riches /

Right /

Righteous /

Righteousness /

River /

Road /

Role /

S

Sacrifice /

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Safe /

Safety /

Salute , /

Salvation , /

Sand /

Satisfaction /

Saturday /

School /

Science /--

Scribe /

Script /

Scriptures /

Sea /

Season /

Secret /

Self-confidence /-

Selfish /,

Sentence /

Serious /

Seriousness /

Servant /

Serve, to /

Several /

30

Shame , /

Shameful /

Shape /

Shelter , /

Side /

Sight , /

Sin /

Singer , /

Sky /

Slave /

Slavery /

Snake /

Soldier /

Sole (only) /

Son /,

Soul /,

Source /

South /

Special /,

Speciality /

Speech /

Spiritual , /

Spy , /

31

Stain /

Stainless /

Star /

Starvation /

State /

Stench /

Storm /

Story /

Strange /

Student , , /, --

Study, to /

Subject /,

Submission /

Submissive /

Succeed, to /

Success /

Suicide /

Summary /,

Sun , /, ,

Superstition /

Supervise, to /

Surplus /

Surprise , /,

32

Surprising /

Swear, to (an oath) /

Sword /

Symbol , /

Symbolise, to /

System /

T

Taste /

Teacher , /

Teaching /,

Temptation /,

Terrorism /

Testimony /

Thanks /

Thankful /

Therefore :/

Thing /

Threshold /

Throne /

Through /

Thursday , /

Tiger /

Time /,

Title /

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Tongue /

Tool /

Touch, to /,

Translation /

Translator /

Treasure /

Tree /

Tribe /

True /

Truth /

Tuesday /

U

Ugly /

Unequal /

Unfinished /

Unfit /

Unfortunate , /

Unfounded /

Ungrateful , /

United /

Universe /

Unlimited , /,

Unnatural /--

Unnecessary /

34

Unreal /,

Unsuccessful /

Untimely /

Use /

Useful /

V

Vanish, to /

Vegetable /

Vegetarian /-

Vein /

Verb /

Victorious , /,

Victory /

Violence /

Violent /

Vocabulary /

Voice , /

Voluntarily / ,

Volunteer /

W

Wait, to , / ,

Wall /

War /

Warning /

35

Watchtower /--

Water /

Weak /

Weakness /

Weapon /

Wednesday /

Week /

Weekly /

Welcome /

Welcome, to /

Welfare /

West /

White /

Wicked /

Wife /

Wind , /

Wine /

Winter /

Wisdom /

Wise /,

With /

Within /

Witness /

36

Woman /

Word / (plural: )

Word of God /

Work /

Worker , /

World , /,

Worldly /

Worship /,

Worth , /

Wound /

Wounded /

Writer /

Y

Year /,

Young /

Youth /,

Z

Zeal /

Zealous /

Zero /

37

Hindi Urdu

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