14 chemical reations

Chemical ReactionsChemical Reactions

Chapter 14Chapter 14

When a chemical goes When a chemical goes through a Chemical through a Chemical

Reaction one or more Reaction one or more substances are changed to substances are changed to

new substancesnew substances

Signs of Chemical ReactionsSigns of Chemical Reactions

Gas FormationGas FormationSolid Formation (called precipitate)Solid Formation (called precipitate)Energy is releasedEnergy is released HeatHeat LightLight ElectricityElectricity

Energy taken inEnergy taken inColor changeColor changeMost important: The formation of a new Most important: The formation of a new substance that has different properties.substance that has different properties.

Not all signs happen for Not all signs happen for each reaction and some are each reaction and some are

subtlesubtle

Chemical and Physical Chemical and Physical Properties change!Properties change!

Chemical Reaction LabChemical Reaction Lab

QuestionQuestion

????

HypothesisHypothesis

????

MaterialsMaterials

Glass container with ¼ cup Hydrogen Glass container with ¼ cup Hydrogen Peroxide.Peroxide.

2 Square inches of steel wool.2 Square inches of steel wool.

StopperStopper

BalloonBalloon

StepsSteps

Write 1-2 paragraphs on your observation Write 1-2 paragraphs on your observation of the materials provided.of the materials provided.

Put balloon over rubber stopper.Put balloon over rubber stopper.

Place Steel Wool into glass container.Place Steel Wool into glass container.

Place rubber stopper firmly over the Place rubber stopper firmly over the opening of the glass container.opening of the glass container.

Place on counter and make daily written Place on counter and make daily written observations.observations.

ConclusionsConclusions

How did you know that a chemical reaction How did you know that a chemical reaction took place? (what signs of a chemical took place? (what signs of a chemical reaction did you observe?)reaction did you observe?)

Finished LabFinished Lab

Typed in orderTyped in order

Follow our lab formatFollow our lab format

Be complete and include observation data.Be complete and include observation data.

Due _____________.Due _____________.

HomeworkHomework

Read p 388-391Read p 388-391

Section Review p 391Section Review p 391

QuizQuiz

Define Chemical Reaction:Define Chemical Reaction:

What is a precipitate?What is a precipitate?

List 2 signs of a chemical reaction:List 2 signs of a chemical reaction:

T/F Steam from a teapot means a T/F Steam from a teapot means a chemical change has taken place.chemical change has taken place.

T/F During a Chemical reaction the bonds T/F During a Chemical reaction the bonds are broken and the atoms rearrange with are broken and the atoms rearrange with new bonds.new bonds.

AnswersAnswers

The process by which one or more The process by which one or more substances change to produce a new or substances change to produce a new or different substance.different substance.A solid formed by a chemical reaction in a A solid formed by a chemical reaction in a solution.solution.Gas, Energy, Precipitate, Color, New Gas, Energy, Precipitate, Color, New Substance.Substance.FFTT

Types of Chemical Types of Chemical ReactionsReactions

A process by which one or more A process by which one or more substances change to make one substances change to make one

or more new substances.or more new substances.

Synthesis ReactionsSynthesis Reactions

Two or more compounds combine Two or more compounds combine to form a new substance.to form a new substance.

Decomposition Decomposition ReactionsReactions

A single compound breaks down A single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler to form two or more simpler

substances.substances.

Single-Displacement Single-Displacement ReactionsReactions

One element or radical takes the One element or radical takes the place of another in a compound. place of another in a compound.

Cu + 2AgNOCu + 2AgNO3 3 2Ag+Cu(NO 2Ag+Cu(NO33))22

Double-Displacement Double-Displacement ReactionReaction

A gas, a solid precipitate, or a A gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from molecular compound forms from

exchanging ions.exchanging ions.

NaCl + AgF NaF + AgClNaCl + AgF NaF + AgCl

DefinitionsDefinitions

Reactants: The starting material in a Reactants: The starting material in a chemical reaction.chemical reaction.

Products: The new substance formed Products: The new substance formed from a chemical reaction.from a chemical reaction.

Law of Conservation of Law of Conservation of MassMass

Antoine Lavoisier (1790)Antoine Lavoisier (1790)

Mass cannot be created or destroyed in Mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical ordinary chemical and physical

changes.changes.

The total mass never changesThe total mass never changes

HomeworkHomework

Read p 398-401Read p 398-401


QuizQuiz

What is a synthesis reaction?What is a synthesis reaction?

What is a decomposition reaction?What is a decomposition reaction?

What are single-displacement reactions?What are single-displacement reactions?

What are double-displacement reactions?What are double-displacement reactions?

AnswersAnswers

2 or more substances combine to form a new 2 or more substances combine to form a new compoundcompoundA reaction in which a single compound breaks A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form 2 or more simpler substances.down to form 2 or more simpler substances.A reaction in which one element or radical takes A reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in the the place of another element or radical in the compound. compound. A reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or A reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from exchange of a molecular compound forms from exchange of ions between 2 compounds.ions between 2 compounds.

Balancing Chemical Balancing Chemical EquationsEquations

Counting AtomsCounting Atoms

4Al4Al22(SO(SO44))33

8 Aluminum8 Aluminum12 Sulfur12 Sulfur

48 Oxygen48 Oxygen

You TryYou Try

2Na2Na33POPO44

StepsSteps

1.1. Count the AtomsCount the Atoms

2.2. Place a coefficient in front of the second Place a coefficient in front of the second part if the equation if necessarypart if the equation if necessary

3.3. Place a coefficient in front of the first part Place a coefficient in front of the first part of the equation to balance the atoms.of the equation to balance the atoms.

Atoms from the left side must equal the Atoms from the left side must equal the atoms from the right side of the equation.atoms from the right side of the equation.

___AlBr___AlBr33 + ___K ___KBr + ___Al + ___K ___KBr + ___Al

___AlBr___AlBr33 + ___K _ + ___K _3_3_KBr + ___AlKBr + ___Al

___AlBr___AlBr33 + + _3__3_K _K _33_KBr + ___Al_KBr + ___Al

_1__1_AlBrAlBr33 + _ + _33_K _K _3__3_KBr + ___AlKBr + ___Al

_1__1_AlBrAlBr33 + _ + _33_K _K _3__3_KBr + KBr + _1__1_AlAl

___Mn + ___HI ___H___Mn + ___HI ___H22 + ___MnI + ___MnI33

2 Mn + 6 HI >>> 3 H2 Mn + 6 HI >>> 3 H22 + 2 MnI + 2 MnI33

___AlBr___AlBr33 + ___K + ___K22SOSO4 4 ___KBr +___Al ___KBr +___Al22(SO(SO44))33

2 AlBr2 AlBr33 + 3 K + 3 K22SOSO44 >> 6 KBr + 1 Al >> 6 KBr + 1 Al22(SO(SO44))33

HomeworkHomework

Read p 392-397Read p 392-397


QuizQuiz

How many atoms are in CHow many atoms are in C1414HgClHgCl55??

Define Reactant:Define Reactant:

Define Product:Define Product:

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

Balance:Balance: ___Na + ___Cl___Na + ___Cl22 >>> ___NaCl >>> ___NaCl22

AnswersAnswers

2828

The starting material in a chemical The starting material in a chemical reaction.reaction.

Substances formed from a chemical Substances formed from a chemical reaction.reaction.

Mass is neither created or destroyed in Mass is neither created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.ordinary chemical and physical changes.

Na + 1 ClNa + 1 Cl22 >>> NaCl >>> NaCl22

Chemical EquationsChemical Equations

Sheet 1Sheet 1

HomeworkHomework

Read p 402-407Read p 402-407


Chemical EquationsChemical Equations

Sheet 2Sheet 2

p 410p 410

1-15 all, 21, 221-15 all, 21, 22

Chemical Reaction LabChemical Reaction Lab

QuestionQuestion

????

HypothesisHypothesis

????

MaterialsMaterials

White GlueWhite Glue

Borax solution, 40g/LBorax solution, 40g/L

Paper cup and stirrerPaper cup and stirrer

Rubber glovesRubber gloves

GogglesGoggles

Plastic bagPlastic bag

StepsSteps

Write observations of each material.Write observations of each material.

Place the Borax solution in the white glue.Place the Borax solution in the white glue.

Stir and mix well.Stir and mix well.

Place new mixture in plastic bag.Place new mixture in plastic bag.

Write final observations.Write final observations.

ObservationsObservations

What is each material like. Consistency, state, What is each material like. Consistency, state, appearance, etc.appearance, etc.

What happen when they were mixed together?What happen when they were mixed together?

Compare the properties of the glue with the new Compare the properties of the glue with the new substance.substance.

Predict the properties of the material if less Predict the properties of the material if less Borax is used. Borax is used.

How do you know a chemical reaction took How do you know a chemical reaction took place?place?

ConclusionConclusion

Two ParagraphsTwo Paragraphs Did the experiment support your hypothesis Did the experiment support your hypothesis

and why?and why? What did you learn?What did you learn?

Final lab write upFinal lab write up

Follow as we have all year.Follow as we have all year.

Due: ___________Due: ___________

14 chemical reations

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