13 Fall Changes -...

Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational Text

Text Structure • Information is presented by description • Many examples describe changes in the fall season

Content • Weather changes in fall• Animal preparation for winter• Changes to some trees in fall

Themes and Ideas • The fall season brings many changes.• Changes in the seasons affect many parts of nature.

Language and Literary Features

• Conversational language • Writer talks directly to the reader.

Sentence Complexity • Complex sentences, one with an introductory clause: When there are a lot of leaves on the ground, people rake them into piles.

• Many sentences with an introductory phrase: In the fall, it gets dark early.Vocabulary • Words about autumn: season, changes, leaves, crunch, rake, piles, branches, needles

Words • Compound words: sunlight, sometimes • Only two words with three or more syllables: animals, different• Words with infl ectional endings: leaves, branches, colder, shorter• Many words with ea, ee spelling pattern: leaves, season, seem, feel, needles, green

Illustrations • Photographs closely linked to text on all pagesBook and Print Features • Nine pages of text

• One photo inset with label© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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Number of Words: 320

L E S S O N 1 3 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

Fall Changesby Adrian Powers

Fountas-Pinnell Level IInformational TextSelection SummaryFall brings many changes. Days seem shorter. The air may get cool, or it may rain a lot. Leaves on many trees change color, dry out, and fall. By the end of fall, many tree branches are empty. Many animals are asleep.

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fall first green grow new yellow

Words to Know

Fall Changes by Adrian Powers

Build BackgroundHelp children use their knowledge of the fall season. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: How do you know when summer changes to fall? What kind of clothes do you wear in the fall? Read the title and author’s name and talk about the cover photograph.

Introduce the TextGuide children through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary. Here are some suggestions:

: Explain that this is a book about changes in the fall season. Suggested language: Turn to page 2. Here is a picture of a mother and child playing in the fall. What signs of fall do you see in the photograph?

Page 5: Remind children to look at the photos to help them understand what they read. What color leaves do you see on these trees? Leaves change colors in the fall. The second sentence reads: First they change from green to yellow. Say green. What letter would you expect to see fi rst in green? Find the word green on the page.

Page 8: Have children look at this photo. How do the trees look now, at the end of fall? They will grow new leaves in the spring. What color will the new leaves be? Say new. What sound do you hear at the beginning of new? Find the word new on the page.

Now turn back to the beginning of the book and read about changes in the fall season for both people and animals.

2 Lesson 13: Fall ChangesGrade 1© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company


ReadAs children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem solving ability.

Respond to the TextPersonal ResponseInvite children to share their personal responses to the book. Begin by asking what they liked best about the book, or what they found interesting. Suggested language: What fall changes do you like best? Why?

Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, make sure children understand these teaching points:

Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

• The weather changes in the fall.

• The leaves of many trees change color and drop in the fall.

• Some trees keep their green needles all year.

• Animals do special things in the fall to get ready for winter.

• The fall season brings many changes.

• Nature is beautiful.

• Each fall season brings the same changes.

• The photos show different kinds of changes in the fall season.

• The author includes lots of details about the fall season.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for SupportFluencyHave children choose a page to read aloud. Remind them to read at a steady speed—not so fast that their words don’t make sense and not so slowly that their reading loses meaning.

Phonemic Awareness and Word WorkProvide practice as needed with words and sounds, using one of the following activities:• Clapping Syllables Have children listen to words from the book and say the syllables:

season, animals, different, sunlight. Have them clap on each syllable: sea-son, a-ni-mals, dif-fer-ent, sun-light, etc.

• Double Vowel Patterns Materials: chalkboard, chalk. Write these story words on the board: tree, feel, feet, cool, look, food, sleep. Call on individuals to read each word and circle the letters that spell the vowel sound.



Writing About ReadingCritical ThinkingRead the directions for children on BLM 13.7 and guide them in answering the questions.

RespondingRead aloud the questions at the back of the book and help children complete the activities.

Target Comprehension SkillCause and Effect

Target Comprehension Skill Tell children that as they read they can think about what

happens and why it happens. Model how to think about cause and effect:

Think Aloud

In the fall, some animals look for warm, dry places to sleep. Why would they do that? The weather is getting cooler in the fall and then winter will come. The animals need to keep warm when they sleep in winter.

Practice the SkillHave children tell what happens to many tree branches by the end of fall and tell why that happens.

Writing PromptRead aloud the following prompt. Have children draw and write their response, using the writing prompt on page 6.

Fall brings many changes. Draw a picture of trees on a fall day.

Write about the way the trees look.



Read directions to children.

Think About ItWrite the word that completes each

sentence.

1. In the fall, less sunlight means shorter

days.

shorter longer warmer

2. Trees with needles are green all year.

red yellow green

Making Connections Think of what changes fall

brings where you live. Draw a picture of what

happens. Label your picture.

9 Grade 1, Unit 3: Nature Near and Far

Name

Think About It© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Fall ChangesThink About It

Lesson 13B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 3 . 7

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English Language LearnersReading Support Give English learners a “preview” of the text by holding a brief small-group discussion with them before reading the text with the entire group.

Oral Language DevelopmentCheck children’s comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches their English profi ciency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the child.

Beginning/ Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced

Speaker 1: How does the air feel in the fall?

Speaker 2: cool

Speaker 1: What can change colors in the fall?

Speaker 2: leaves

Speaker 1: What happens to the leaves on some trees in the fall?

Speaker 2: They change colors and fall to the ground.

Speaker 1: Why do the days feel shorter in the fall?

Speaker 2: There is less sunlight each day.

Speaker 1: Why do some trees stay green in the fall?

Speaker 2: Some trees have needles instead of leaves. The needles stay green all year. They don’t drop to the ground.


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Name Date

Fall ChangesFall brings many changes. Draw a picture of trees on a fall day.

Write about the way the trees look.



Think About ItWrite the word that completes each

sentence.

1. In the fall, less sunlight means

days.

shorter longer warmer

2. Trees with needles are all year.

red yellow green

Making Connections Think of what changes fall

brings where you live. Draw a picture of what

happens. Label your picture.

Name

Fall ChangesThink About It

Lesson 13B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 3 . 7



1413316

Student Date Lesson 13

B L A C K L I N E M A S T E R 1 3 . 1 2

Fall ChangesRunning Record Form

Fall Changes • LEVEL I

Behavior Code Error

Read word correctly ✓cat 0

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

®cat

0

Omission —cat 1

Behavior Code Error

Substitution cutcat 1

Self-corrects cut sccat 0

Insertion the

cat 1

Word told Tcat 1

page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

2

3

Fall is the season that comes

before winter. It is a season

that brings many changes.

We see fall when we look at

trees. We feel fall when the air

is cool. We can hear fall when

dry leaves crunch under our feet.

In the fall, it gets dark early.

The days feel shorter because

there is less sunlight each day.

The weather changes in the

fall, too. In some places, the

air gets cool.

Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read

correctly/75 × 100)

%

Self-Correction Rate

(# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections)

1:



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