12th IGORR October 28 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China TAPIRO ... · October 28–30, 2009, Beijing,...
Transcript of 12th IGORR October 28 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China TAPIRO ... · October 28–30, 2009, Beijing,...
Some essential features of the TAPIRO
Fast-Neutron Source Reactor
located at ENEA-CR Casaccia (Rome)
R. Rosa, A. Santagata, M. Carta, O. Fiorani
ENEA* – Via Anguillarese, 301 – 00123 Rome – Italy
* Italian National Agency for New Technologies,
Energy and Soustainable Economic Development
12th IGORR October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China
TAPIRO
Content
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 212th IGORR 2009
TAPIRO
• History
• Main Features
• Facility Schemes
• Neutron Data
• Recent Activities
• Incoming Modifications
• Planned Activities
• Conclusions
The Casaccia Research Center
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TAPIRO
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
History
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TAPIRO
• Fast source reactor
• Based on the concept of AFSR (Argonne Fast
Source Reactor - Idaho Falls)
• Designed by ENEA’s staff
• Start-up: 1971
• First Activities: fast reactor shielding experiments
biological effects of fast neutrons
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Reactor: Main Components
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TAPIRO
CORE Cylindrical: diameter 125.8 mm
height 109.5 mm (2/3 fixed – 1/3 mobile)
FUEL Uranium-molybdenum alloy (98.5% U – 1.5% Mo)
Density: 18.5 g cm-3
Enrichment: 93.5% U235
Operative mass: 22107.42 g/U235
CLADDING Stainless steel: thick 0.5 mm
REFLECTOR Cylindrical Inner Reflector: diameter 348 mm
Outer Reflector: diameter 800 mm
Overall Height: 700 mm
Material: Copper
Weight: 2600 kg
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Reactor: Auxiliary and Irradiation Systems
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TAPIRO
COOLING
SYSTEM
Forced He: 100 g/sec @ 7.5 ata
Heat Exchanger + Refrigerator
Inlet core temp: 35° C - Outlet 25° C
BIOLOGICAL
SHIELD
Shape: near spherical
Thickness: 1.75 m
Material: high density borate concrete
Density: 3.7 kg dm-3
IRRADIATION
CHANNELS
3 channels at the reactor midplane
1 tangential (to the top edge of the core)
THERMAL
COLUMN
Max Volume: 1.6 m3
2 piercing channels
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
The Big Concrete Sphere
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TAPIRO
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
TAPIRO: Horizontal Section
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TAPIRO
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TAPIRO: Vertical Section
TAPIRO
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Accessing the Thermal Column
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October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Schematic Horizontal Cut at Reactor Midplane
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TAPIRO
SR
RR SR
SHR
SHR
He
Core Radial Ch
Outer
Reflector
Inner
Reflector
Dia
me
tra
l Ch
an
ne
l
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Schematic Vertical Cut with Control Rods
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TAPIRO
He Cooling
Channell
Cu Reflector
He Cooling
Upper Core
Fixed
Lower Core
Movable
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Schematic Vertical Cut with Control Rods
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TAPIRO
He Cooling
Channell
Cu Reflector
He Cooling
Upper Core
Fixed
Lower Core
Movable
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Schematic Vertical Cut with Control Rods
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TAPIRO
He Cooling
Channell
Cu Reflector
He Cooling
Upper Core
Fixed
Lower Core
Movable
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Schematic Vertical Cut with Control Rods
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TAPIRO
He Cooling
Channell
Cu Reflector
He Cooling
Upper Core
Fixed
Lower Core
Movable
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Reactor Component Distances from Core
Vienna, 12-16 Oct. 2009 16TM on Specific Applications of RR: Provision of Nuclear Data
TAPIRO
Thermal Column
Distance
Radial Channel
Calculated Neutron Fluence Rate per Energy Groups
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1,00E-02
1,00E+01
1,00E+04
1,00E+07
1,00E+10
1,00E+13
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Neu
tro
nF
luen
ce [
n c
m-2
s-1
]
Distance from the Core Axis [cm]
1.45E+07
3.68E+06
2.23E+06
1.35E+06
8.21E+05
4.98E+05
3.02E+05
1.83E+05
1.11E+05
6.74E+04
4.09E+04
2.48E+04
1.50E+04
9.12E+03
5.53E+03
3.36E+03
2.04E+03
1.23E+03
7.48E+02
4.54E+02
2.75E+02
1.01E+02
2.26E+01
3.06E+00
4.14E-01
Sum
Radial
Channel 1Radial Channel 2 Thermal Column
Energy (eV)
TAPIRO
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
• Characterization of N-16 counters devoted
to monitoring
• Neutron radiation damage on components
for the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL
CERN LHC- Project)
• BNCT and neutron radiation effects on
cancerous cells
Activities up to now
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TAPIRO
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
At full reactor power [5 kW]
• Core center
– Total core integrated neutron source strength: 3×1014 n/s
– Total neutron fluence rate: 4×1012 n · cm-2 · s-1
8×1011 n · cm-2 · s-1 > 1.35 Me V
• Entrance of the thermal column
– Total neutron fluence rate: 1.5×1010 n · cm-2 · s-1
4×107 n · cm-2 · s-1 > 1.35 MeV
Neutron Data Extimated by Calculation
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TAPIRO
BNCT Thermal Column Modification
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Thermal Column Scheme for BNCT
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BNCT Shielding
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Reactor Hall
Control Room
October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
• Dismantling the BNCT Shielding and
Thermal Column Internals
• Return to the Original Reflector
• Thermal Column Reshape
• Revision of the MCNP Model of the
Reactor (Cooperation with La Sapienza University – Rome)
• Experimental Assessment of the MCNP
Neutron Fluence Estimations
• Single Crystal Diamond Detectors Test
Planned Activities
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• Chemical vapor deposited single crystal
diamond in a p-type/intrinsic/metal/6Li
layered structure
• First test in thermal field in TRIGA at 1
MW (109 neutrons/cm2/s)
• Excellent linearity observed
• Test in fast field is requiredM. Marinelli, E. Milani, G. Prestopino, A. Tucciarone, C. Verona-Rinati, M.
Angelone, D. Lattanzi, M. Pillon, R. Rosa, E. Santoro - Synthetic single
crystal diamond as a fission reactor neutron flux monitormg - Applied
Physics Letters 90, 183509 (2007)
Single Crystal Diamond Detectors Test
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October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009
Single Crystal Diamond Detectors Test
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Linearity 10 kW – 1 MW
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Ref. # Loading Content [g]
1880 U-235 10
1995 U-235 50
2019 U-238 132
1997 Pu-239 30
1998 Np-237 30
Detectors Availability
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TAPIRO
Wide Activation Foils Availability
Small Fission Chambers
• Different patterns of neutron field
– investigations of selected phenomena radiation
damage
• Static and dynamic regimes:
– parametric studies on ADS prototypical fuel in
thermal column, eventually with a converter zone.
• Steady conditions
– influence of fuel/Pb ratio on neutronic behavior of
fuel-lead matrices.
• Dynamic conditions
– absolute reactivity measurement conditions
relative to source-jerk techniques
SUPPORT TO ADS R&D
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• Benchmark for validate neutronic codes for systems with significant
spectral changes within the core (HTGR and Fast Systems)
• Traverses in graphite and lead columns,
– Possible removal of a sector of the outer copper for a very hard
neutron spectrum.
– graphite column where spectrum gradually softens up to thermal
– lead column where the spectrum softens from hard to epithermal
• Different materials interposed (U-nat, Pb, Fe, etc.): spectrum transition
conditions at interface points between regions with different
compositions.
• Activation foils: threshold energies in the fast, intermediate and
epithermal regions.
• Quantitative gamma spectrometry
• Fission Chambers based Techniques
BLANKET EXPERIMENTS 1/2
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Analogous experiments on TAPIRO performed in the early 70's:
• Studies of the propagation of neutrons along the axis of a
large sodium tank inserted in place of the graphite column.
• Measurement campaign in collaboration with CEA Cadarache
for the fast reactor program
Similar purpose: testing the ability of neutronic codes to
reproduce the measured quantities.
The experimental data are now included in the NEA
documentation (International Reactor Physics Experiment
Evaluation Project -IRPhEP)
BLANKET EXPERIMENTS 2/2
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TAPIRO
• Enhance the Reactor Activity in
connection with the new Italian Way
towards NPP
• Cooperate with Universities and
Research Centers for the next
Generation of Nuclear Experts
• …. Outcomes of the present TM
Conclusion
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Main Targets of the Future Activities
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October 28– 30, 2009, Beijing, P.R.China 12th IGORR 2009