12957 Job Analysis

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Career Management Career management is the lifelong process of investing

resources to achieve your career goals. Careermanagement is not a singular event but a continuingprocess.

Companies take an active role in developing employeesto help the company and to advance theirs careers.

Technical skills, Interpersonal Skills, reading, writingand arithmetic skills, listening skills, problem solvingskills, learning skills, self management skills.

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Job Design The process of defining the work that needs to be

done, dividing the work into jobs, describing the jobs,and describing the people capable of performing thejobs.

Job analysis- Creating a list of what tasks needs to be

performed in order to complete a job.

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Goal of Job Analysis: Match

Person & Job

Need information about the Person & about theJob

Person

KSAs

Talents & Interests

Motivation

Job

Tasks & Duties

Rewards

Job Outcomes

Performance

Satisfaction

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Job Characteristics Model It is a method for analyzing tasks and designing jobs.

It was developed by Hackman and oldman

This model examines five factors in designing jobs:task variety, task identity, task significance,

autonomy and job-related feedback.

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Job Characteristics Model Task Varietyrefers to the assortment of skills a person

needs in order to perform the tasks in a job.

Task identityrefers to how closely the work is related

to a finished product. Task significance refers to the effect one persons

work has on others.

Autonomy is the freedom workers have to perform

tasks and control their work.

Feedback provides the person with information onthe quantity and quality of work.

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DefinitionsJob Analysis: the process of collecting & analyzing

information about jobs to write:

Job Description: a document that identifies the tasks &duties performed by a job

Job Specification: a document that identifies thequalifications required by a job

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Definitions (more) Task: a unit of work activity performed by a worker

within a limited time period

Duty: several related tasks that are performed by aworker

Position: the set of all tasks & duties performed by aworker

Job: a group of identical positions

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Format of a Job Description Example:

http://krypton.mnsu.edu/~schumann/www/teach/sample_job_descrip.pdf

Common Elements

Job Title

Job Summary

Tasks & Duties Task Statements

Other information

Restaurant Manager

Job Summary:

Plan, organize, direct, and coordinate the workers and resources of the restaurant for the

efficient, well-prepared, and profitable service of food and beverages.

Tasks and Duties:

1. Work with chefs and other personnel to plan menus that are flavorful and popular

with customers. Work with chefs for efficient provisioning and purchasing of

supplies. Estimate food and beverage costs. Supervise portion control and

quantities of preparation to minimize waste. Perform frequent checks to ensure

consistent high quality of preparation and service.

2. Supervise operation of bar to maximize profitability, minimize legal liability, and

conform to alcoholic beverage regulations.

3. Workwith other management personnel to plan marketing, advertising, and any

special restaurant functions.

4. Direct hiring, training, and scheduling of food service personnel.

5. Investigate and resolve complaints concerning food quality and service.

6. Enforce sanitary practices for food handling, general cleanliness, and maintenance

of kitchen and dining areas.

7. Comply with all health and safety regulations.

8. Review and monitor, with bookkeeper or other financial personnel, expenditures

to ensure that they conform to budget limitations. Work to improve performance.

9. Perform other duties as assigned by management.Qualifications:

1. Bachelor of Science degree in hotel/restaurant management is desirable. A

combination of practical experience and education will be considered as an

alternate.

2. Good organizational skills for dealing with diverse duties and staff.

3. Pleasant, polite manner for dealing with public as well as staff.

Reports to: Department:

Supervises: Division:

Date: Approved:

Source (revised from): http://www2.hrnext.com/Article.cfm/Nav/2.4.0.0.6719.0

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Format of a Task Statement First word or phrase (required): Performs what action?

(Present-tense verb)

Example: Supervise

Next word or phrase (required): To whom or what isthe action performed?(Object of the verb)

Example: operation of bar

Next word or phrase (optional):Additionalinformation

Example: to maximize profitability, minimize legalliability, and conform to alcoholic beverage regulations.

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Example of a Job Specification A job specification

describes the knowledge,skills, education,

experience, and abilitiesyou believe are essential toperforming a particular

job.

Essential elements:- Education Experience

Required skills, knowledgeand characteristics

Restaurant Manager

Job Summary:

Plan, organize, direct, and coordinate the workers and resources of the restaurant for the

efficient, well-prepared, and profitable service of food and beverages.

Tasks and Duties:

1. Work with chefs and other personnel to plan menus that are flavorful and popular

with customers. Work with chefs for efficient provisioning and purchasing of

supplies. Estimate food and beverage costs. Supervise portion control and

quantities of preparation to minimize waste. Perform frequent checks to ensure

consistent high quality of preparation and service.

2. Supervise operation of bar to maximize profitability, minimize legal liability, and

conform to alcoholic beverage regulations.

3. Work with other management personnel to plan marketing, advertising, and any

special restaurant functions.

4. Direct hiring, training, and scheduling of food service personnel.

5. Investigate and resolve complaints concerning food quality and service.

6. Enforce sanitary practices for food handling, general cleanliness, and maintenance

of kitchen and dining areas.

7. Comply with all health and safety regulations.

8. Review and monitor, with bookkeeper or other financial personnel, expenditures

to ensure that they conform to budget limitations. Work to improve performance.

9. Perform other duties as assigned by management.Qualifications:

1. Bachelor of Science degree in hotel/restaurant management is desirable. A

combination of practical experience and education will be considered as an

alternate.

2. Good organizational skills for dealing with diverse duties and staff.

3. Pleasant, polite manner for dealing with public as well as staff.

Reports to: Department:

Supervises: Division:

Date: Approved:

Source (revised from): http://www2.hrnext.com/Article.cfm/Nav/2.4.0.0.6719.0

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The Interviewing It can be defined as the act of consultation between a

manager and a present or past employee or anapplicant for employment.

Employment

Appraisal

Counseling

Disciplinary

Grievance

Morale surveys

Exit

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Styles of Interviewing Structured Interviews

Unstructured Interviews

Group Interviews Stress Interview

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Guidelines for conducting

interviews Plan what you want to find out.

Know something in advance about the person whom

you are interviewing.Watch out for your own biases.

Try to help the interviewee relax and feel confident.

Dont do all the talking. Encourage the interviewee to

talk. Practice the concepts of good listening and phrasing

questions.

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Guidelines contd..Avoid questions that are likely to produce a biased

answer.

Dont fight the clock.

Attempt to guide the interview in the direction of yourobjectives.

Never argue.

Look beyond the employees words. Maintain your alertness.

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Guidelines for being

interviewed Prepare answers for common interview questions.

Be prompt.

Make certain that your appearance is appropriate forthe particular situation.

Dont be overanxious to answer questions. Dontramble.

Listen carefully to the interviewer. If you dontunderstand a question, ask for clarification.

Be certain to take support material.

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GuidelinesContd.. Dont overreact to questions. They may be a part of

stress interview to test your ability to handle difficultsituations.

Be polite and courteous throughout the interview.Dont forget to thank the interviewer for his or hertime, shake hands, and good-bye.

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Performance Appraisals

It is used to determine if the person meeting the jobspecification is able to perform the work in the jobdescription.

Attitude Compatibility

Dependability

Knowledge

Efficiency

Organization

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Appraisals Threats The Halo effect

The Hawthorne effect

Recency Uniformity

Vagueness

Conflict avoidance

Distance

Trait measurement Personal Bias

Cost concerns

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12957 Job Analysis

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