A.Y 2012-2013
S#$)ect Teache(
Ca(lo La$a*an
 
 
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Theo!etical'Conceptual (!ame)o!* &
Chapte( III
Mate!ial% 1#
RATIONALE
Toay, )e can clea!ly %ee the %lo) *illin of Mothe! atu!e. +e%t!uction% a!e
ee!y)he!e. Ai!, )ate! an een lan pollution. 4e hae no e%cape. A% %tuent%,
)e %houl "e a)a!e of )hat i% happenin in ou! eni!onment an %ociety an o
%omethin, in ou! %malle%t little )ay%, to help p!e%e!e ou! only home. 4e a!e
ien an 5ne%tiato!y !o6ect o! an 5 in ou! hy%ic% cla%% to %omeho) le%%en ou!
eni!onmental p!o"lem. Ou! a%%ine p!o6ect to "e ine%tiate i% the $omemae
o! atu!al 5n%ecticie. 4e all *no), that ou! O7one laye! i% ettin thinne! an
thinne! ee!y time "ecau%e of the chemical% )e u%e aily. o), to le%%en the
 p!o"lem in ou! O7one laye!, )e a!e oin to %tuy a"out the u%e of natu!al
in%ecticie% that a!e C(C-f!ee. 4e can not only p!otect an help p!e%e!e ou!
eni!onment, )e can al%o "e %u!e that ou! plant% an c!op% a!e healthy too. $e!e,
)e )ill ie you an oe!ie) of )hat a  Natural Insecticide !eally i%.
A Natural Insecticide is a Chemical o! "ioloical %u"%tance e%ine to *ill o!
!eta! the !o)th of
 
 pe%t% that amae o! inte!fe!e )ith the !o)th of c!op%,
%h!u"%, t!ee%, tim"e! an othe! eetation e%i!e "y human%. Thi% i% the "e%t
%u"%titute to %ynthetic in%ecticie% that can ha!m ou! planet. A %ynthetic in%ecticie
can contain poi%on% an to8in% that a!e not foun in a natu!al in%ecticie. The%e can
 "e ha!mful to liin thin% othe! than the in%ect% they )e!e intene fo!. Synthetic
chemical in%ecticie% often contain in!eient% that *ill "eneficial in%ect%. The%e
in%ect% may "e "ee% that pollinate f!uit% an eeta"le%. They may "e lay"u% o!
 "utte!flie%, )hich a!e al%o helpful to hae in a a!en. A natu!al in%ecticie )ill
 p!o"a"ly leae "eneficial in%ect% %afe. O!anic a!enin i% accompli%he "y
aoiin the u%e of la"o!ato!y-mae fe!tili7e!%, !o)th %u"%tance%, anti"iotic%, o!
 pe%ticie%. Thi% mean% u%in natu!e9% tool% to !o) you! plant%, f!uit%, an
eeta"le%. 5t9% a )ay of "ein *ine! to the ea!th. :%in natu!al in%ecticie% i% a
 pa!t of that p!oce%% an ha% !o)n in popula!ity. 5f one p!ope!ly, it co%t% le%%. 5f
 
 
3
%y%tem "y not puttin man-mae chemical% into the i!t an ai!. You can help
!euce the neatie effect on the o7one laye! "y oin you! pa!t to help natu!e. 5n
ou! moe!n technoloy toay, you can loo* on the inte!net fo! the mo%t t!u%te an
%afe%t )ay% of ma*in a atu!al 5n%ecticie.
The!e a!e many alte!natie% in ma*in a natu!al in%ecticie, in ou! !oup, )e hae
ecie to u%e a Li;ui %oap !ecipe )ay of c!eatin a natu!al an o!anic
in%ecticie. Soap %oun% ha!mle%% enouh. 4e )a%h ou! "oie% )ith it, )a%h ou!
i%he% )ith it, an "lo) "u""le% )ith it. 4hat you nee a!e Sp!ay "ottle%,
/ioe!aa"le li;ui i%h %oap, Lemon o! o!ane e%%ential oil, Coo*in oil,
/a*in %oa, <a!lic, Chili po)e!, 4ate!. 5t i% a% ea%y a% that= An it i% cheape!
than the %ynthetic one%.
 
 pe%ticie% i% often !eate! than )hat i% intene "y
tho%e )ho u%e them. Oe! > of %p!aye in%ecticie% an ?> of he!"icie%
!each a e%tination othe! than thei! ta!et %pecie%, incluin nonta!et %pecie%, ai!,
)ate!, "ottom %eiment%, an foo. Thouh the!e can "e "enefit% u%in pe%ticie%,
inapp!op!iate u%e can counte!p!ouctiely inc!ea%e pe%t !e%i%tance an *ill the
natu!al enemie% of pe%t%. e%ticie% can contaminate unintene lan an )ate!
)hen they a!e %p!aye ae!ially o! allo)e to !un off fiel%, o! )hen they e%cape
f!om p!ouction %ite% an %to!ae tan*% o! a!e inapp!op!iately i%ca!e.
e%ticie% can cont!i"ute to ai! pollution. e%ticie !ift occu!% )hen pe%ticie%
%u%pene in the ai! a% pa!ticle% a!e ca!!ie "y )in to othe! a!ea%, potentially
contaminatin them. 4eathe! conition% at the time of application a% )ell a%
tempe!atu!e an !elatie humiity chane the %p!ea of the pe%ticie in the ai!. A%
)in elocity inc!ea%e% %o oe% the %p!ay !ift an e8po%u!e. Al%o, !oplet% of
 
 
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%p!aye pe%ticie% o! pa!ticle% f!om pe%ticie% applie a% u%t% may t!ael on the
)in to othe! a!ea%, o! pe%ticie% may ahe!e to pa!ticle% that "lo) in the )in,
%uch a% u%t pa!ticle%. <!oun %p!ayin p!ouce% le%% pe%ticie !ift than ae!ial
%p!ayin oe%. e%ticie% that a!e %p!aye on to fiel% an u%e to fumiate %oil can
ie off chemical% calle olatile o!anic compoun%, )hich can !eact )ith othe!
chemical% an fo!m a pollutant calle t!opo%phe!ic o7one. T!opo%phe!ic o7one i%
 
methane an
othe! hy!oca!"on% f!om the atmo%phe!e. e%ticie !e%iue% hae al%o "een foun
in !ain an !oun)ate!. Stuie% %ho)e that pe%ticie concent!ation% e8ceee
tho%e allo)a"le fo! !in*in )ate! in %ome %ample% of !ie! )ate! an
!oun)ate!. The!e a!e fou! ma6o! !oute% th!ouh )hich pe%ticie% !each the
)ate!@ it may !ift out%ie of the intene a!ea )hen it i% %p!aye, it may pe!colate,
o! leach, th!ouh the %oil, it may "e ca!!ie to the )ate! a% !unoff, o! it may "e
%pille, fo! e8ample accientally o! th!ouh nelect. They may al%o "e ca!!ie to
)ate! "y e!oin %oil. (acto!% that affect a pe%ticie9% a"ility to contaminate )ate!
inclue it% )ate! %olu"ility, the i%tance f!om an application %ite to a "oy of )ate!,
)eathe!, %oil type, p!e%ence of a !o)in c!op, an the metho u%e to apply the
chemical. The u%e of pe%ticie% al%o ec!ea%e% the ene!al  "ioie!%ity in the %oil.
Many of the chemical% u%e in pe%ticie% a!e pe!%i%tent %oil contaminant%, )ho%e
impact may enu!e fo! ecae% an ae!%ely affect %oil con%e!ation. +e!aation
an %o!ption a!e "oth facto!% )hich influence the pe!%i%tence of pe%ticie% in %oil.
+epenin on the chemical natu!e of the pe%ticie, %uch p!oce%%e% cont!ol i!ectly
the t!an%po!tation f!om %oil to )ate!, an in tu!n to ai! an ou! foo.
5n thi% p!o6ect, )e aim to help !euce an %top thi% poi%onin to %pecie%, o!ani%m%
an othe! element% that a!e th!eatene incluin the !i%* of human health "ecau%e
of %ynthetic in%ecticie%.
State%ent o0 the 2*pothes&s
A hypothe%i% i% an eucate ue%% o! p!opo%ition that attempt% to e8plain a %et of
fact% o! natu!al phenomenon. 5t i% u%e mo%tly in the fiel of %cience, )he!e
the %cientific metho i% u%e to te%t it.
5n thi% e8pe!iment you )ill e8amine ho) "iope%ticie% compa!e to a %ynthetic
 pe%ticie. The t)o natu!al pe%ticie% a!e a %p!ay mae f!om chili peppe!% an one
mae f!om a!lic. The%e a!e commonly u%e amon a!ene!% a% !epellent%. 4ith
chili, it i% the hot chillie% that ma*e the mo%t effectie !epellent. <a!lic9% %t!on
oo! can al%o act a% a !epellent. 4ith the %ynthetic in%ecticie%, loo* fo! one that
)o!*% aain%t ene!al pe%t%, %uch a% aphi%, cate!pilla!%, "eetle%. ience of the%e
 pe%t% can "e %een in the hole% they "o!e o! "it% of leae% that they hae munche.
Aphi% )ill leae a %tic*y !e%iue on the leae%. The %ynthetic pe%ticie p!ouct
)ill "ette! p!eent pe%t% f!om ha!min the plant% than the "iope%ticie%.
Theo(et&cal 6(a%e7o(,8Concept#al
Safety efine% much of the home life, an pe%ticie% o an impecca"le )o!* of
enane!in it. 4ith the influ8 of in%ecticie% an anti-pe%t p!ouct% in the ma!*et
toay Ban the ea%y acce%% that come% )ith the t!ae, e8po%u!e ha% 6u%t "ecome a
loomin p!o%pect. One fact of life i% that apa!t f!om you! family, youD!e %ha!in
you! home )ith a ie!%e a!!ay of pe%t%@ ant% in the cup"oa!, )a%p% in you!
%un!oom, te!mite% in the ca"inet%, o! may"e "u% hain thei! o)n little pa!ty in
you! a!en.
You! fi!%t in%tinct, of cou!%e, i% to !un to the %to!e an et the mo%t effectie
 pe%ticie out the!e.
/ut little o you *no) that the ane!% of pe%ticie% a!e much "ie! than the one%
youD!e t!yin to %ole. The%e pe%ticie% E #.? "illion poun% of )hich a!e u%e
youD!e t!yin to %ole. The%e pe%ticie% E #.? "illion poun% of )hich a!e u%e
 
 
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contaminate the a!ea% in an out of you! home, ae!%ely affectin you! chil!en,
 pet%, an the lu%h plant life a!oun you. B+!. Me!cola
Th!ouh the a!!anement of ocumente fo!mulation% of oe! 2&0 natu!al
 pe%ticie%, )e i%coe!e that the t!aitional *no)lee applie in pe%t cont!ol i%
ie!%e an !ich. ot only can it "e u%e to p!eent a!iou% c!op pe%t%, it can al%o
 "e u%e to p!eent a!iou% i%ea%e% in lie%toc*, poult!y an fi%h. Apa!t f!om
 p!oucin the %ame effect% a% %ynthetic pe%ticie% Bcontact *illin, poi%onin,
fumiation, it al%o ha% othe! uni;ue effect% Bantifeeant effect, !epellent effect,
oicial, infe!tility, etc.. (o! e8ample, it inte!fe!e% the !o)th of pe%t%, cau%e%
 p!olone la!al %tae%, !e%ultin in the inc!ea%e in ae!%e natu!al effect%F it can
!euce the !atio of pe%t%F an it !euce% the population of in%ect% oe! )inte!. BGu
Rui, opula! Science of e%t Cont!ol
A num"e! of %tuie% conucte in the :.S. an a"!oa hae %ho)n that "otanical
 pe%ticie%, )hen u%e p!ope!ly, can "e a% effectie a% %ynthetic pe%ticie% at *illin
a "!oa %pect!um of pe%t% "oth in ome%tic an a!icultu!al %ettin%.
/otanical% u%e e%%ential oil% f!om plant% *no)n to hae natu!al in%ecticial
 p!ope!tie%, %uch a% ch!y%anthemum, a!lic, %)eet fla an cloe. ot only o the%e
natu!al aene!% 7ap the "a "u%, they a!e al%o ha!mle%% to human% an the
eni!onment. B(o8e)%.com
:nli*e %ynthetic option%, "iope%ticie% a!e natu!ally occu!!in p!ouct% e!ie
f!om mate!ial% li*e plant% an mic!oo!ani%m% Bthin* "acte!ia an funi. 5n mo%t
ca%e%, "iope%ticie% a!e le%% to8ic than conentional pe%ticie%, ma*in the foo
%afe! fo! people )ho eat it an tho%e )ho !o) it. /iope%ticie% ene!ally affect
 
 
:
ecompo%e ;uic*ly, an !euce the li*elihoo that pe%t% an plant pathoen% )ill
eelop !e%i%tance. B am Ma!!one
"e0&n&t&on o0 Te(%s
 
 
;
Relate' L&te(at#(e an' St#'&es
Thi% !e%ea!ch %tuy cite a!ticle% )hich a!e !eleant to the p!e%ent ine%tiation. 5t
i% compo%e of !elate lite!atu!e an %tuie% "oth local an fo!ein, )hich contain
fact% an info!mation on the !e%ea!ch p!o"lem at han. 5t al%o p!oie%
e8planation% an loical connection% "et)een p!eiou% !e%ea!che% an the p!e%ent
)o!*.
5n%ecticie% hae "een u%e fo! centu!ie% to fiht un)ante pe%t%. The!e a!e %ee!al
natu!al Bplant in%ecticie% that hae "een )iely u%e, althouh compa!e )ith
moe!n %ynthetic% the plant %u"%tance% a!e !elatiely )ea*. One "enefit of a plant
in%ecticie i% that many of them a!e "ioe!aa"le. Mo!e than 1?00 %pecie% of
 plant% hae "een !epo!te to hae in%ecticial alue, an many mo!e e8i%t, "ut t)o
 p!ouct%, !otenone an py!eth!in, hae "een economically impo!tant.
 Rotenone. /efo!e 4o!l 4a! 5, a!icultu!al nation% )e!e ino!ant a"out the plant%
that contain !otenone. Rotenone )a% a my%te!iou% an an unientifie fi%h poi%on
B"a!"a%co of the eep fo!e%t% of Sounth Ame!ica )e!e natie% collecte !oot% of a
iney %h!u", Lonchocarpus nicou, an th!e) the c!u%he !oot% into %mall %t!eam%
an pool%. The chemical in the !oot %tunne the fi%h an cau%e them to float to the
%u!face, )he!e the fi%h )e!e ea%ily collecte. $uman% )e!e not poi%one "y
con%umin !otenone, )hich i% only to8ic in e!y la!e o%e%. :%e of !otenone a% a
fi%h poi%on "ecame )ie%p!ea in the 20 th centu!y, an it )a% immo!tali7e in
1?# )hen a "oat captain 6u%t happene to hae a !otenone on "oa! to %tupefy a
Hmon%te!I in C!eatu!e f!om the /lac* Laoon.
The South Ame!ican !otenone-"ea!in, leuminou% plant i% not *no)n no) f!om
the )il. o)aay%, Lonchocarpus i% cultiate "y han la"o! in t!opical !eion%
of /!a7il an e!u. 5n the (a! a%t, pa!ticula!ly in Jaa an Sumat!a, a clo%ely
!elate leume, Derris elliptica, )hich al%o contain% !otenone, )a% u%e a% an
 
 
1<
lo)e! yiel% of !otenone than oe% Lonchoca!pu%. Rotenone al%o occu!% in the
leume enu% Teph!o%ia.
Rotenone i% foun in !e%in uct%, )hich occu! in the phloem an 8ylem. The !oot i%
!ie to 20> moi%tu!e content an then %hippe to "uye! count!ie%. Rotenone i% a
te!peneF it )a% applie a% a %p!ay on f!uit% an !o) c!op%, een %ee!al time%
 "efo!e ha!e%t time, "ecau%e the chemical !e%iue o not line!. 5t i% a potentially
lethal to8in fo! aphi%, coc*!oache%, hou%eflie%, co!n "o!e!%, Me8ican "ean "eetle%
an mo%;uitoe%.
 Pyrethrin. y!eth!in come% f!om a pe!ennial ai%y of the enu%
 Ch!y%anthemumBnot the cultiate mum. The "ioloically actie chemical% a!e
e%te!%, )hich occu! in the flo)e! hea%. Action of a y!eth!in i% a contact poi%on,
)hich pa!aly7e% the in%ect ictim, u%ually )ith 0 %econ%. o!mally the poi%on i%
amini%te!e in emul%ion o! u%t fo!mF a% a u%t it
can "e u%e a% a iatomaceou% ea!th. The p!ima!y phy%ioloical !eaction of the
to8in i% that ent!al au% anlion %ho)% acouli7ation. Acute to8icity in
mammal% i% !elatiely lo), "ecau%e the py!eth!in e%te!% a!e cone!te in the
%tomach into nonto8ic compoun%.
Green Pesticdes. <!een pe%ticie%, al%o calle ecoloical pe%ticie%,
a!e pe%ticie% e!ie f!om o!anic %ou!ce% )hich a!e con%ie!e eni!onmentally
f!ienly an cau%in le%% ha!m to human an animal health, an to ha"itat% an
 the eco%y%tem.
5n a!oecoloy, pe%ticie% a!e ealuate fo! minimal ae!%e eni!onmental
effect%. /iocie% inclue e!micie%, anti"iotic%, anti"acte!ial%, antii!al%,
antifunal%, antip!oto7oal% an antipa!a%ite%. e%ticie% typically come in the fo!m
of
%p!ay% an u%t%.
The u%e of in%ecticie% i% "eliee to "e one of the ma6o! facto!% "ehin the
inc!ea%e in a!icultu!al p!ouctiity in the 20th centu!y. The cla%%ification of
inc!ea%e in a!icultu!al p!ouctiity in the 20th centu!y. The cla%%ification of
 
 
 Protectants(PIPs), Inorganic insecticides, Organic Insecticides, Mode of action.
Systemic insecticides a!e inco!po!ate "y t!eate plant%. 5n%ect% ine%t the
in%ecticie )hile feein on the plant%. The%e a!e a"%o!"e "y plant% o! animal%
an moe to unt!eate ti%%ue%. Sy%temic o! t!an%locate he!"icie% moe )ithin the
 plant to unt!eate a!ea% of leae%, %tem% o! !oot%. They may *ill )ee% )ith only
 pa!tial %p!ay coe!ae. Sy%temic in%ecticie% o! funicie% moe th!ouhout
t!eate plant% an *ill ce!tain in%ect% o! funi. Some %y%temic in%ecticie% a!e
applie to animal% an moe th!ouh the animal to cont!ol pe%t% %uch a% )a!"le
!u"%, lice, o! flea%. Some pe%ticie% only moe in one i!ection )ithin the plant,
eithe! up o! o)n. Kno)in )hat i!ection the pe%ticie moe% )ill help uie
you! eci%ion%. (o! e8ample %ome in%ecticie% only moe up)a!% in plant%. 5f
applie to the !oot 7one, it )ill t!ael th!ouhout the plant, "ut if
applie to the leae% it )ill not moe th!ouhout the plant. Some pe%ticie% a!e
con%ie!e locally %y%temic. The%e )ill only moe a %ho!t i%tance in a plant f!om
the point of contact.
Contact insecticides a!e to8ic to in%ect% "!ouht into i!ect contact. fficacy i%
often !elate to the ;uality of
 
 pe%ticie application, )ith %mall !oplet% B%uch
a% ae!o%ol% often imp!oin pe!fo!mance. 5n%ect% a!e *ille )hen %p!aye i!ectly
o! )hen they c!a)l ac!o%% %u!face% t!eate )ith a !e%iual contact in%ecticie.
4ee foliae i% *ille )hen enouh %u!face a!ea i% coe!e )ith a contact
he!"icie. Natural insecticides= %uch a% nicotine, py!eth!um an neem e8t!act% a!e
mae "y plant% a% efen%e% aain%t in%ect%.
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 icotine-"a%e in%ecticie% a!e %till "ein )iely  u%e in the :S an Canaa
 
 
 "y othe! o!ani%m% u%ually fo! thei! o)n efen%e, o! a!e e!ie f!om a natu!al
%ou!ce %uch a% a mine!al. Mo%t people "eliee that natu!al pe%ticie% a!e %afe! an
mo!e eco-f!ienly than man-mae pe%ticie% an )hile thi% i% mo%tly t!ue it i% not
al)ay% %o. (o! e8ample, n&cot&ne i% a natu!al pe%ticie in to"acco
leae%, an the hihly aictie component of cia!ette %mo*e, "ut i% in fact much
mo!e to8ic than mo%t moe!n %ynthetic pe%ticie%.
 Plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs)  a!e in%ecticial %u"%tance% p!ouce "y
 plant% afte! enetic moification.# (o! in%tance, a ene that coe% fo! a
%pecific /accilu% thu!inien%i% "iocial p!otein i% int!ouce into a c!op plant9%
enetic mate!ial. Then, the plant manufactu!e% the p!otein. Since the "iocie i%
inco!po!ate into the plant, aitional application%, at lea%t of the %ame compoun,
a!e not !e;ui!e.
 Inoranic insecticides a!e manufactu!e )ith metal% an
inclue a!%enate%, coppe!  compoun% an fluo!ine compoun%, )hich a!e no)
 
5no!anic in%ecticie% a!e of
mine!al o!iin, mainly compoun% of antimony, a!%enic, "a!ium, "o!on, coppe!,
fluo!ine, me!cu!y, %elenium, %ulfu!, thallium, an 7inc, an elemental pho%pho!u%
an %ulfu!. 5t i% %ometime% u%e a% the to8ic aent in ant poi%on% an fo! the cont!ol
of th!ip%.!ranic insecticides a!e %ynthetic chemical% )hich comp!i%e the la!e%t
1
num"e!% of pe%ticie% aaila"le fo! u%e toay. An o!anic in%ecticie i% a pe%ticie
that u%e% only natu!al component% to *ill "u%. 5n many ca%e%, o!anic mate!ial%
u%e to !epel in%ect% a!e al%o calle o!anic in%ecticie%. Thi% i% not a t!ue
in%ecticie, "ut !athe! a !epellent. O!anic in%ecticie% can "e mae f!om a num"e!
of iffe!ent mate!ial%, "ut )hat many people mo%t app!eciate a"out them i% that
 
 
an o!anic in%ecticie f!om a num"e! of iffe!ent %u"%tance%. 5t i% al%o po%%i"le to
 "uy them comme!cially. 5t %houl "e note that many o!anic in%ecticie% a!e
meant to only ta!et a ce!tain %pecie% o! a fe) iffe!ent %pecie%. The!efo!e, tho%e
)ho hae a a!iety of in%ect %pecie% they )i%h to t!eat )ill li*ely nee mo!e than
one type of o!anic in%ecticie. "ode o# action Nho) the pe%ticie *ill% o!
inactiate% a pe%tNi% anothe! )ay of cla%%ifyin in%ecticie%. Moe of action i%
impo!tant in p!eictin )hethe! an in%ecticie )ill "e to8ic to un!elate %pecie%,
%uch a% fi%h, "i!% an mammal%.
Althouh the pe%ticie% an pa!ticula!ly in%ecticie% u%e in o!anic
fa!min an o!anic a!enin a!e ene!ally %afe! than %ynthetic pe%ticie%, they
a!e not al)ay% mo!e %afe o! eni!onmentally f!ienly than %ynthetic pe%ticie%,
 "oth can cau%e ha!m. The main c!ite!ion fo! o!anic pe%ticie% i% that they a!e
natu!ally e!ie, an %ome natu!ally e!ie %u"%tance% hae "een cont!oe!%ial.
Cont!oe!%ial natu!al pe%ticie% inclue !otenone, coppe! , nicotine %ulfate,
an py!eth!um%. $o)ee!, !e%t!iction% on natu!al pe%ticie% hae tihtene an a%
of 200? !otenone, a ane!ou% natu!al pe%ticie, )a% not allo)e fo! :S o!anic
fa!me!%, an !otenone )a% not allo)e une! the Califo!nia O!anic (oo% Act of
13
10. hytoale8in elicito! lucohe8ato%e ha% "een calle a !een pe%ticie, a% ha% a
ne) cla%% of in%ecticie% calle %pino%a )hich %ho)% !ema!*a"le %electiity in
e%t!oyin ha!mful pe%t%
an leain "eneficial in%ect% alie.
C2APTER III
 
 
eal )ith the in%ect% that loe to eat you! plant%. An )hat a"out the eni!onmentP
Mo%t of u% *no) that t!aitional chemical pe%ticie% Bo! in%ecticie% a!e unhealthy
fo! u% an the planet, "ut a!e ene!ally a )iely u%e tool to com"at a!en pe%t%.
The!e a!e %ome ea%y an ine8pen%ie natu!al pe%ticie% you can ma*e at home to
help you )in the "attle of the "u% an "e eco-f!ienly. $e!e a!e a fe) iea% to u%e
in you! o)n home an a!en.
Mate(&als
Li;ui Soap
P(oce'#(e
1.> Li;ui %oap i% a !eat alte!natie to to8ic chemical% fo! "oth inoo! an
outoo! plant%.
/.> Mi8 2 ta"le%poon% of li;ui %oap o! i%h)a%hin li;ui )ith 1 ;ua!t )ate!,
14
an pou! into a %p!ay "ottle. Mo%t inoo! hou%ehol plant% tole!ate thi%
natu!al pe%ticie )ell. Sp!ay leae%, %tem an top%oil to ete! in%ect% f!om
comin "ac*. Aphi%, mealy"u%, )hiteflie% an mite% a!e all affecte "y
thi% %oap !emey.
.> !epa!e you! "lene!.
3.> ou! at lea%t t)o la%% of )ate! on the "lene!.
4.> A t)o ta"le%poon% of li;ui %oap.
5.> A at lea%t fie cut peppe!. B+epen% on the %i7e of you! peppe!, "ut the
%picie!, the "ette!.
 
 
:.> Sta!t to "len.
1<.> (ilte! all the %oli pa!ticle% f!om the li;ui.
11.> ut you! li;ui p!ouct on you! p!epa!e containe!.
1/.> Seal you! p!ouct.
2o7 To Test
1.1. !epa!e t)o plant% )ith the %ame cha!acte!i%tic%.
1./. Sp!ay one plant )ith a %ynthetic in%ecticie an one plant )ith the
c!eate natu!al in%ecticie.
1. O"%e!e the t)o plant% fo! one o! t)o )ee*% an !eco! you!
o"%e!ation%.
 ?ee, 18"a* 1
O"%e!ation%
+.
/.1 !epa!e at lea%t t)o in%ect% Be.. %pie!%, coc*!oache% fo! you!
e8pe!iment.
/./ Sp!ay one in%ecticie on the fi!%t in%ect an one on the %econ in%ect.
/. O"%e!e )hat happene to you! in%ect%.
/.3 Reco! )hat you hae o"%e!e.
/.4 Come up )ith a conclu%ion.
 
 
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