12.1 AEROPLANE GENERAL 12.1.1 Introduction Dash 8-Q400 is a high wing aeroplane manufactured by...

12.1 AEROPLANE GENERAL

12.1.1 Introduction

The Dash 8-Q400 is a high wing aeroplane manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace with shared

interests from several partners (Figure 12.1-1). It is powered by two 5071 shaft horsepower PW

150A turboprop engines. Each engine drives a six bladed propeller. The Dash 8 is a two pilot

transport category aeroplane approved for instrument flight and in SAS versions approved for

operation to a maximum altitude of 25,000 feet.

In SAS versions the aeroplane seats from 58 to 72 passengers and two cabin crew members in

addition to the pilot, copilot, and flight observer. In SAS version It has a maximum take-off mass

of:

• 27987 kg (Basic Gross Mass)

• 28998 kg (Intermediate Gross Mass)

• 29257 kg (High Gross Mass)

The aeroplane has an Active Noise and Vibration Suppression (ANVS) system.

12.1.2 General

The fuselage (Figure 12.1-1) is constructed in three main parts:

• Forward

• Center

• Aft

The forward section includes the flight deck, which has the majority of controls, instruments, and

indications. Circuit breaker panels are located on the flight deck aft bulkhead, and behind the

pilot's and copilot's seats.

There is a forward baggage compartment on the right forward part of the fuselage, and an aft

baggage compartment forward of the aft pressure bulkhead. Both baggage doors open outwards

and can only be opened from the outside. The passenger compartment doors and one type II/III

exit can be opened from either the inside or outside.

Dash8 - Q400 - Aeroplane General

Figure 12.1-1 Fuselage Sections84F0601 C Al ti C t l d I di ti M ltil D t il i

CA

BIN

NO

SE

FOR

WA

RD

SE

CTI

ON

CE

NTR

ES

EC

TIO

NA

FTS

EC

TIO

N

BA

GG

.C

OM

P.

FLIG

HT

CO

MP

.

FOR

WA

RD

PR

ES

SU

RE

BU

LKH

EA

D

FOR

WA

RD

PA

SS

EN

GE

RD

OO

R

AFT

PA

SS

EN

GE

RD

OO

R

AFT

BA

GG

AG

ED

OO

R

AFT

PR

ES

SU

RE

BU

LKH

EA

D

FL

IGH

T


12.1.3 Controls and Indications - General


Figure 12.1-2 Flight Deck and Equipment Layout

12

3

4

18

5

689

11

5

12 13

1921 20

LEGEND

1. Flow Control Levers. 2. Pilot's Map Table (Closed). 3. Steering Hand Control. 4. Pilot's Side Panel. 5. Life Vest Stowage. 6. Sun Visor. 7. Eye Level Indicator. 8. Utility Light. 9. Dome Light.10. Emergency Escape Rope Storage.11. Emergency Exit.

12. Overhead Console.13. Standby Compass.14. Caution & Warning Panel.15. Landing Gear Alternate Release Door.16. Glareshield.17. Copilot's Side Panel.18. Copilot's Map Table (Open).19. Instrument Panel.20. Landing Gear Alternate Extend Door.21. Centre Console.22. Smoke Goggles.

6

2222

10

7

14 9

815

16

17

1


Figure 12.1-3 Aft Flight Deck and Equipment Layout

ISCM

1

2

3

4

5 64

3

7

2

8

910111213141516

LEGEND

1. Variable Frequency AC Circuit Breaker Panel. 2. Headset Jacks. 3. Circuit Panel Light. 4. Oxygen Mask. 5. Mirror. 6. Viewer. 7. Avionics Circuit Breaker Panel. 8. Left DC Circuit Breaker Panel. 9. Fire Axe.10. Fire Extinguisher.11. Flashlights.12. Observer's Seat.13. Weight and Balance Manual.14. Landing Gear Emergency Extension Handpump Handle.15. Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE).16. Right DC Circuit Breaker Panel.


Figure 12.1-4 Overhead Console

1. Ice protection panel.

2. DC Control panel.

3. Audible evacuation panel.

4. Flight data recorder.

5. Fire protection panel.

6. Panel lighting panel.

7. AC Control panel.

8. Air conditioning panel.

9. Emer. lights (Caution/Advisory)

panel.

10. Exterior lights panel (Right).

11. Cabin altitude panel.

12. Engine start panel.

13. APU Panel.

14. PFD Altimeter units panel.

15. Altitude/differential placard.

16. Exterior lights panel (Left).

17. Cabin altitude indicator.

LEGEND

- +

1

2

3 14 5 6 7 8

910111213 4151617


Figure 12.1-5 Handwheel

A

12

34

5

NOTE

Pilot's equipment shown.Copilot's equipment similar.

LEGEND

1. Transmit/Interphone PTT Switch.2. Elevator Trim Switch.3. Tactile Control Steering Pushbutton.4. Autopilot Disengage Pushbutton.5. ATC Ident Pushbutton.


Figure 12.1-6 Left Glareshield Panel


LEFT GLARE SHIELD CALLOUTS

1. AEROPLANE IDENTIFIER

2. ENGINE FIRE PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT

3. ROLL OUTBD & ROLL INBD SPOILERS LIGHT

4. ELEVATOR TRIM PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

5. STICK PUSHER OFF SWITCHLIGHT

6. CLOCK

7. PULL UP GPWS TEST LIGHT & BELOW G/S LIGHT

8. A/P DISENGAGE LIGHT

9. TERRAIN INHIBIT SWITCH

10. CAUTION PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT

11. WARNING PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT

12. FLIGHT/TAXI SWITCH

13. PROPELLER GROUND RANGE LIGHTS


Figure 12.1-7 Center Glareshield Panel

b13

01d

01/0

5/00

COURSE

HDG

NAV SOURCE

ALT

NOSE DN

NOSE UP

HDGAP

YD

NAV SOURCE COURSE

HDG

PUSH

OFF

PUSH

OFF

PUSH

OFF

PUSH

OFF

POWERED FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES

RUD 1 RUD 2SPLR 1 SPLR 2

IAS

VS

VNAV

ALT

ALT

SEL HSI

SEL

NAV

APPR

BC

STBY

2 3 4 5 6 7 3 2

11 8


CENTER GLARESHIELD CALLOUTS

1. HDG SELECTION KNOB

2. COURSE SELECTION KNOB

3. NAV SOURCE SELECTION KNOB

4. RUD 1 PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

5. SPLR 1 PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

6. SPLR 2 PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

7. RUD 2 PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

8. ALT SELECTION KNOB


Figure 12.1-8 Right Glareshield Panel

OY-KCA1

2 3 4 5 67

8

9

1011


RIGHT GLARE SHIELD CALLOUTS

1. TERRAIN INHIBIT SWITCH

2. AP DISENGAGE LIGHT

3. PULL UP GPWS TEST LIGHT & BELOW G/S LIGHT

4. CLOCK

5. ELEVATOR TRIM PUSH OFF SWITCHLIGHT

6. STICK PUSHER OFF SWITCHLIGHT

7. ENGINE FIRE PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT

8. AEROPLANE IDENTIFIER

9. ANTI SKID SWITCH

10. WARNING PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT

11. CAUTION PRESS TO RESET SWITCHLIGHT


Figure 12.1-9 Instrument Panel


Figure 12.1-10 Forward Center Console


Figure 12.1-11 Center Console

F

L

A

P

S

0

5

10

15

35

0

0

0

0

0

CONTROL

LOCK

RATING

P

ER

EMERG

BRAKE

ELEVATOR

TRI

M

TO

RATING

CONTROL

LOCK

FLIGHTIDLE

MAXREV

PARK

ND

NU

OFF

ON

1 2

OFF

ON

WO

PROP

900

900

MAX1020

MIN850

START &FEATHER

FUELOFF

1 2

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8

LEGEND

1. Emergency Brake Lever.2. Control Lock Lever.3. Flap Selector Lever.4. Elevator Trim Indicator.

5. #1 Power Lever.6. #2 Power Lever.7. #1 Condition Lever.8. #2 Condition Lever.


Figure 12.1-12 Aft Center Console

LEGEND

1. Audio and Radio Control Display Unit (ARCDU).2. Trim Control Panel.3. Engine and System Integrated Displays Control Panel (ESCP).4. Weather Radar Control Panel.

1 2 1

3 4


Figure 12.1-13 Aft Center Console

ESCP CALLOUTS PERTAINING TO DOORS

1. DOORS SYS PUSHBUTTON (momentary action)

PUSH - shows doors system page on the MFD (upper area) with MFD 1 or MFD 2 set at SYS

- no action with another push

ENG

SYSNAV

PFD

MFD1

ENG

NAVSYS

PFD

MFD2

ELEC SYS

ENGSYS

FUEL SYS

DOORS SYS

ALL TEST

NORM1 2

EFISATT/HDG

SOURCEADC

OFF

ED BRT

NORM1 2

SOURCE

EFIS

1


Figure 12.1-14 Steering Handwheel Console

GRD CREW FWD AFT

GPWS FLAP OVERRIDE

F W ARD

OR

STEERING RANGE

5 4

1 2 3

LEGEND

1. Ground Crew Connection Annunciator.2. GPWS Flap Override Switchlight.3. Push to Talk (PTT) Switch.4. Steering Range Label.5. Steering Hand Control.


Figure 12.1-15 Pilot’s Side Panel

CIR BKR LIGHT

W/S WIPERICE DETECT

PILOTSFLT PNL

PROP O'SPEEDGOVERNOR

T/O WARN TEST

OFF

LIGHT

ADCTEST 1

TEST 2 TEST 2

OFF BRT

STALL WARN TEST 1

OFF

STEERING

OFF

TEST

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

LEGEND

1. Circuit Breaker Panel Lighting Control Toggle Switch.2. Windshield Wiper Ice Detection Light Pushbutton.3. Pilot's Side Panel Dimmer Knob.4. Propeller Overspeed Governor Test Toggle Switch.5. Takeoff Warning System Test Toggle Switch.6. Air Data Computer Test Toggle Switch.7. Stall Warning Test Toggle Switch.8. Nosewheel Steering Toggle Switch.


Figure 12.1-16 Copilot’s Side Panel

W/S WIPERICE DETECT

LIGHT

COPILOTS FLT PNL

OFF BRT

CIRCUITBREAKERPNL LTG

OFF

INPH XMIT

1 23

4

LEGEND

1. Windshield Wiper Ice Detection Light Pushbutton.2. Copilot's Side Panel Dimmer Knob.3. Circuit Breaker Panel Lighting Control Toggle Switch.4. Microphone Interphone/Transmit Toggle Switch.


Figure 12.1-17 Cabin (F/A) Attendant’s Panel

F/A CONTROL ENABLED

LIGHTING

MID CABIN TEMP

WARM

COOL

CABIN OVERHD

NVS INOP

BOARDING LAVATORY AIRSTAIR DOOR

PSU ON/OFF

PSU TEST

ON/OFF PAUSE

NVS SYSTEM CABIN TEMP

TEMP DISPLAY

DISPLAY TEST

°C

°F

CABIN SIDEWALL

DIM SIDEWALL

DIM OVERHD

1. Temperature display.

2. Temp. display test switch.

3. Temperature scale switch.

4. Cabin sidewall lighting switch.

5. Cabin overhead lighting switch.

6. PSU Test switch.

7. NVS Inoperative advisory light.

8. NVS On/Off switch.

9. NVS Pause switch.

10. F/A control enabled

advisory light.

11. PSU Power switch.

12. Airstair steps lighting

switch.

13. Lavatory lighing switch.

14. Boarding lights switch.

15. Temperature decrease

switch.

16. Temperature increase

switch.

17. Temperature scale.

LEGEND

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10


Towing Switch

Description.

The TOW-NAV Lt Switch is a standard 2-position switch with a Guard that forces it to NORMAL

(the other is TOWING).

In addition there is a 7,5 Amp Circuit Breaker for the Power.

Power is taken directly from the main battery at a point behind the DC CONTROL panel and feed

via the TOW Circuit Breaker & Switch to a point behind the EXTERIOR LIGHTS panel.

The towing personnel shall only flip the guard and place the switch in TOW.

After towing is done, the guard is closed and the Switch goes to normal.


Figure 12.1-18 Aeroplane Dimensions

93ft 3in.

43.31in.

28ft 10in.

13ft 6in.

107ft 9in.

27ft 4in.

45.94in.

101ft 10in.

60.83in.

10ft 9in.

GROUND

REFERENCE LINE

60.85in.48.98in.

12ft 4in.

*

* * * *

*

NOTE

36ft 10in.

8ft 2in.

30ft 5in.

DIHEDRAL 2.5o38.67in.

12ft 10in.

25ft 8in.

*

*

*

Dimensions with respect to ground

reference line are approximate and

will vary with aeroplane configuration

and loading conditions.

*

(28.42m)

(9.27m)

(4.11m)

(1.10m)

(8.80m)

(98.22cm)

(3.92m)

(7.81m)

(2.48m)

(11.22m)

(3.76m)

(8.34m)

(1.55m)(1.55m)(1.24m)(1.17m)

(31.04m)

(32.83m)

(3.28m)


12.1.4 Description

12.1.4.1 Aeroplane Dimensions

The Dash 8 Q400 has a wing span of 28.42 m and a length of 32.83 m (Figure 12.1-18). The six

bladed propellers are 4.12 m in diameter, and clears the fuselage by 1.1 m). The wheel track is

8.80 m and the nose wheel to main wheel distance is 13.94 m. Using a nose steering of 70°

requires a minimum 25.7 m of pavement for a 180° turn (Figure 12.1-19).

The height to the bullet fairing, on top of the vertical stabilizer is about 8.26 m depending on the

aeroplane loading. The height to the wing tips is about 3.9 m.

12.1.4.2 Structural Design

The airframe structure is made from high strength aluminum alloys. The fuselage skins are

chemically milled and riveted to stringers and frames. Steel structural alloy is used in the landing

gear and certain airframe components. Other structural components are made from various

approved aluminum, steel or titanium materials. Magnesium is used in selected interior regions

of the flight deck, cabin and engine.

Composite panels include the:

• Radome (Fiberglass/honeycomb core)

• Nose Equipment Bay (Aramid fiber)

• Wing to Fuselage Fairings (Fiberglass)

• Tailcone (Aramid fiber)

• Tailcone with optional APU (Titanium)

• Bullet Fairing (Mybrid composite Glass/Aramid fiber)

• Dorsal Fin (Mybrid composite Glass/Aramid fiber)

• Stabilizer leading edge (Aramid fiber covered by rubber de-ice boots)

• Ice Protection Panels

12.1.5 Forward Section

12.1.5.1 Nose

The nose is in front of the forward pressure bulkhead. It contains the nose wheel well and an

unpressurized equipment deck, and the weather radar radome.

12.1.5.2 Flight Deck

The flight deck extends from the forward pressure bulkhead to a fixed bulkhead aft of the flight

crew seats. The windshield panels are laminated glass and the side window panels are a combi-

nation of laminated glass and plastic.


Figure 12.1-19 Aeroplane Turning Radius

RADIUS

4 ft. 9 in. (1.52 m)33 ft. 10 in. (10.32 m)50 ft. 7 in. (15.41 m)64 ft. 9 in. (19.74 m)

54 ft. 10 in. (16.73 m)62 ft. 9 in. (19.13 m)

ITEM

R-1 INNER GEARR-2 OUTER GEARR-3 NOSE GEAR

R-4 WING TIPR-5 NOSE

R-6 ELEVATOR TIP

70

R-3

R-1

R-2

R-5

R-4 R-6

84 ft. 5 in. (25.7 m)MINIMUM PAVEMENT

WIDTH FOR 180 TURN(WITHOUT BACKING UP)

APPROX. 2DUE TO TIRESLIP


Figure 12.1-20 Wing Detail

LE

GE

ND

1. A

ilero

n.2.

Gea

red

Tab.

3. G

ND

Adj

usta

ble

Tab.

4. R

oll S

poile

rs.

5. O

utbo

ard

Flap

.6.

Inbo

ard

Flap

s.

12

34

5

6

54

21


12.1.6 Wings

A single, high aspect ratio, cantilevered wing is joined to the upper midsection of the fuselage(Figure 12.1-20), and includes:

• Integral fuel tanks• Nacelles and main gear mounting structures• Ailerons • Flaps• Spoilers

The portions of the wing outboard of the engine nacelles are tapered and have a 2.5° dihedral.Pneumatic deicer boots are installed on the leading edges of the center wing sections and out-board from the landing lights. The wing has single slotted flaps extending from the side of thefuselage to inboard of the ailerons.

Conventional ailerons are installed for lateral control and work with differential lateral controlspoilers on the upper wing skin. The spoilers also have a ground mode. When set the spoilersextend on landing to reduce lift.


Figure 12.1-21 Empenage

2

3

1

4

6

5

LEGEND

1. Elevators.2. Fore Rudder.3. Trailing Rudder.4. Vertical Stabilizer.5. Bullet Fairing.6. Horizontal Stabilizer.


Figure 12.1-22 Fuselage Cross Section

106.

0 in

.(2

69.2

cm

)

20.3

in.

(50.

8 cm

)

99.0

in.

(251

.4 c

m)

15.8

in.

(40.

1 cm

)

76.9

in.

(195

.3 c

m)

24.3

in.

(61.

7 cm

)

12.4

in.

(31.

5 cm

)

80.0

in.

(203

.2 c

m)

25.9

in.

(65.

7 cm

)

56.5

in.

(143

.5 c

m)

NO

TE

Dim

ensi

ons

are

appr

oxim

ate

and

may

var

y de

pend

ing

on

airc

raft

conf

igur

atio

n.

OV

ER

HE

AD

STO

RA

GE

BIN

S

108.

8 in

.(2

76.3

cm

)

71.8

in.

(182

.3 c

m)


12.1.7 Centre Section

The passenger cabin has a constant cross-section and bulkheads with a slightly flattened bottom

(Figure 12.1-22).

12.1.8 AFT Section

The aft section is unpressurized and is swept up from the center section. It consists of the rear

pressure dome and the supporting structure for the empennage. This area houses the air condi-

tioning packs and the APU. There is access to the interior of the aft fuselage section for inspec-

tion and maintenance.

Empenage

The empennage has a horizontal stabilizer with separate right and left elevators, and a vertical

stabilizer with fore and trailing rudders. The empennage is mounted on the aft fuselage section

(Figure 12.1-21).

Horizontal Stabilizer

The fixed incidence horizontal stabilizer is attached to the top of the vertical stabilizer. The lead-

ing edges are made from composite material and have pneumatic deicer boots bonded to them.

Elevators

Both elevators normally operate together, but can function independently if the pitch disconnect

system is operated. The elevators are hydraulically operated with artificial feel. Hydraulic actua-

tors are used for trimming.

Vertical Stabilizer

The vertical stabilizer and rearmost portion of the fuselage are constructed as one piece. The

leading edge is made from composite material and has a pneumatic deicer boot, with two cham-

bers, bonded to it. A composite bullet fairing is installed on top of the vertical stabilizer.

Rudder

The rudder has a fore and trailing section. The fore rudder is hinged to the rear vertical stabilizer

spar and the trailing rudder is hinged to the trailing edge of the fore rudder. The trailing rudder is

geometrically arranged to give a deflection twice that of the fore rudder. Two hydraulically pow-

ered actuators operate the rudder.


12.1 AEROPLANE GENERAL 12.1.1 Introduction Dash 8-Q400 is a high wing aeroplane manufactured by...

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