1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
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Transcript of 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
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7/29/2019 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
FLASH POINTThe flash point of a
volatile liquid is the
lowest temperature at
which it can vaporize to
form an ignitable
mixture in air
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
VAPOUR DENSITY
The ratio of the weight of a given volume of one gas
to the weight of an equal volume of another gas,
typically hydrogen, at the same temperature and
pressure.
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
VAPOUR PRESSUREA measure of the
tendency of a material to
form a vapour. The
higher the vapour
pressure, the higher the
potential vapour
concentration.
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
FLAMMABLEEasily ignitable and
capable of burning
rapidly. Flash point of
between 21 degrees C
and 55 degrees C
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
HIGHLY FLAMMABLEA liquid that has a flash
point of less than 21
degrees C.
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
FLAMMABLE RANGE:The percentage of
either flammable
vapour or gasconcentration in the
ambient air at which
combustion will take
place.
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
FLAMMABLE LIMITSThe Flammable Limits refer to the conditions under
which a mixture of a flammable material and air
may catch fire or explode. If the percentage offlammable material in the air is between the
minimum and maximum limits, the presence of a
flame or a source of ignition is likely to lead to rapid
combustion or explosion
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
UFL & LFLUFL - The mixture of substance and air is too rich in
fuel (deficient in oxygen) to burn. This is sometimes
called the upper explosive limit (UEL).
LFL - the mixture of substance and air lacks
sufficient fuel (substance) to burn. This issometimes called the lower explosive limit (LEL).
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
TOXICITYToxicity is the degree to
which a substance can
damage an organism
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
SKIN IRRITANT A noninfective agent,
physical or chemical,
caplable of causing celldamage if applied to
the skin for sufficient
time
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
CarcinogensThese are substances which are believed to cause
cancer. They fall into 2 groups:
Geno-Toxic: May cause damage to DNA
Non Geno-Toxic: Does not cause damage to DNA
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
PRODUCT PROPERTIES HAZARDS
HYDROGEN Colourless, Odourless
Gas, lighter than air
Fire
Explosion
METHANE Colourless, Odourless
Gas, lighter than air
Fire
Explosion
Narcotic properties
LPG, LNG Colourless, Odourless
Gas, lighter than air
Fire
Explosion
H2S Colourless, distinctivesmell of rotten eggs
ExplosiveToxic
Corrosive
NITROGEN (GAS) Colourless odourless gas Asphyxiation by removal of
air from O2
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
MERCAPTANSMercaptans are a group of sulfur-containing organic
chemical substances. They smell like rotting
cabbage. They are used as an odourizing agent innatural gas.
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
ADDITAVES:Anti-foaming agents are used to speed up the
removal of gas bubbles in crude oil. Gas bubbles
can effect production quality and efficiency
Corrosion inhibitors: A corrosion inhibitor is a
chemical compound that, when added to a liquid orgas, decreases the corrosion rate of a material,
typically a metal
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
SLUDGESLow Specific Activity Sludges are naturally occurring
radioactive material
Other sludges may be produces as a result of the
process. They are a mixture of liquid and suspended
material
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
SLUDGES HAZARDS
Chemical
Skin irritant
Radiation
Carcinogenic
Environmental
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
MICRO BIOCIDESUsed to disinfect inanimate objects such as steel
pipes. This slows down and prevents corrosion.
They are also used in A/C units to prevent legionella
They are toxic by ingestion
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NEBOSH, International Certificate in Oil & Gas
Operational SafetyModule 1.2 Hazards Inherit to Oil and Gas
MUD
SEE HANDOUT