12-2 The Korean War

Please Label

Russia

Korea

Japan

China

Taiwan

Lesson Goals (3)

• Explain how Mao Zedong and the communists gained power in China.

• Describe the causes and progress of the war in Korea.

• Identify the long-term effects of the Korean War.

Warm-Up

• Remember the US focused on containment of communism in Europe.

• How do you think the US will respond to communism spreading in Asia?

OR

BackgroundSOVIET UNION

• Soviets hoped to spread communism across the world.

Communists gain control of China

•Fought for control of CHINA

Jiang Jieshi (pronounced Zee-ong Zi-she) / Chiang Kai-shek – Nationalist leader

•Mao Zedong Communist leader

• Jiang government is corrupt and aid U.S. sent does not go to food. Mao promises to feed people and wins their support. Jiang flees to Taiwan.

¼ of land and 1/3 people of the world now communist

CHINA

Background information

• Japan controlled Korea before WWII.

• Post WWII, Korea divided in half by U.S & Soviet Union at the 38th of latitude.

CHINA

NORTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA

JAPAN

38th

North Korea Invades South Korea

1

1 – North Korea Invades following South Korea as army retreats to Pusan.

2 –U.S. and South Korean forces stop North Korea

2

UN / US Forces defend South Korea

3 - UN forces (lead by American General Mac Arthur) lands at Inchon and begin pushing north towards Yalu River.

  4 - The Americans drove

North Koreans back and recaptured South Korea.

3

44

China Enters the War

5 –Chinese attack using weapons supplied by Russia.

6 – UN and South Korean forces retreat as China recaptures North Korea and advances into South Korea.

5

6

Stalemate

7 – More UN troops land, pushing communists back to 38th parallel.

8 –Cease-Fire is signed, with border at 38th parallel.

7

8

How is this different than it was before the war?

• Truman believed in Limited War – fighting to achieve specific goals. While MacArthur wanted total victory.

• In 1953, Eisenhower became American president.   The Americans threatened to use the atomic bomb if China did not stop fighting.  

• The Chinese agree to a truce , which was signed on 27 July 1953.  (a little longer than 3 years)

 • It is estimated that 10 million people died in the war - as

many as died in the WW I.

Effects1 – On America

Immediate Long-term

37,000 US troops killed

Military spending increases

103,000 US wounded

Military commitments increase worldwide

Relations with China worsen

Relations with Japan improve

Armed forces racially integrated

Future Presidents send military without Congress approval / declaring war

2- World Wide

- SEATO – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization formed defensive alliance formed to stop the spread of communism. Pakistan, Thailand, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, France, Britain, United States

http://www.history.com/videos/korean-war-pow#korean-war-pow

Korean War is considered first “ Hot War (actual battle) ” after WWII

Homework• Suppose you were going to interview some American

veterans of the Korean War. Write 5 questions that you might ask about their experiences & their views of the war.

• 1.

• 2.

• 3.

• 4.

• 5.