1/2 /13 Focus: Feudalism and the manor system were both based on mutual obligations.
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• 1/2 /13 Focus: – Feudalism and the manor system were
both based on mutual obligations. – In feudalism, nobles owed duties to
each other and in the manor system, nobles and peasants provided benefits to each other
• Do Now:–Why was the Early Middle Ages known
as the Dark Ages?
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The Middle Ages
FeudalismManor System
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Feudalism • Political and social system based on
the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services
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Feudalism • Developed
as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe
• Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands
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Feudalism • Lords divided their
lands into estates called fiefs
• Fiefs (land) given to vassals in return for loyalty and military support
• All nobles were vassals to the King
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Feudalism • Knights –Mounted warriors
who protected lord’s lands
– Given land for their services
– Chivalry • Code of ethics
followed by knights • Honesty, fairness in
battle, loyal, proper treatment of women
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Feudal ObligationsKnights Obligation to Lord• Provide military service• Remain loyal and
faithful • Give money on special
occasions
Lord’s Obligation to Knights• Give Land• Protect from attack • Resolve disputes
between knights
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Constructing the Pyramid Feudal Power
SERFS AND FREEMEN
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Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
SERFS AND FREEMEN
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Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
POWERFULNOBLES
SERFS AND FREEMEN
LAND ANDPROTECTION
LOYALTY ANDMILITARY SERVICE
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Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
POWERFULNOBLES
KING
SERFS AND FREEMEN
LAND ANDPROTECTION
LANDLOYALTY ANDSERVICE
LOYALTY ANDMILITARY SERVICE
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Manorial System• An economic
system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors
• Included a village and the land surrounding it
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Manorial System• Manors were self sufficient – Most things needed for daily life were produced on
the manor
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Manorial System• Serfs– Peasants who lived and
worked on the lord’s manor
– Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission
– Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work
• Lords were required to protect the serfs
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Manorial System• The life of a serf was
harsh –Worked long hours– few lived past 35
years old– Based on heredity• You were a serf if you
parents were
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Manorial System• The Harshness of Manor Life
– Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest• Tithe—a church tax—is equal
to one-tenth of a peasant’s income
– Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds
– Worked long hours• raising crops, livestock;
feeding and clothing family– Poor diet, illness, malnutrition
make life expectancy 35 years– Serfs generally accept their
lives as part of God’s plan
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Manorial System• Freemen – skilled workers
who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor • Ex. Blacksmith and
millers
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Manorial System
1) Everyone owed loyalty to the ________2) Nobles were near the top of the social
hierarchy . They got _______ from the king.3) Lesser nobles (knights) gave _________
_________ in return for land4) _______ were bound to the land. They worked
in return for ____________.5) __________ were skilled workers. They paid
rent to the ______ and were free to move if they wanted to.
Let’s see how much you remember!
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Check Your Answers1) Everyone owed loyalty to the king.2) Nobles were near the top of the social
hierarchy. They got land from the king.
3) Lesser nobles (knights) gave military service in return for land.
4) Serfs were bound to the land. They worked in return for protection.
5) Freemen were skilled workers. They paid rent to the nobles and were free to move if they wanted to.
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Closure• What was the Manorial System • How were manors self sufficient? • Explain why feudalism developed in
western Europe.