• 11/8 Focus11/8 Focus:• Sparta was a powerful Greek city-

state known for its emphasis on military training and military power.

• Do Now:Do Now:– Identify the two earliest civilizations in

Greece

Ancient GreeceAncient Greece

City-StatesCity-States

Sparta and AthensSparta and Athens

ReviewReview

• What was the primary impact that mountainous terrain had on the development of civilization in Greece?

Development of the City Development of the City StateState

• Collapse of Mycenaean civilization led a dark age in Greece– Greek civilization experiences a period

of decline

• City-States develop as the major political unit in Greece

•

The PolisThe Polis• Greek word

for city-state–Made up of

city and surrounding countryside

– Controlled 50-500 sq miles of territory

The City-State or Polis of Athens

Characteristics of the Polis

• Two parts of a Polis– Acropolis• Hilltop• Temples

– Agora• Flat • Marketplaces,

theater, public areas, homes

Characteristics of the Polis• Cultural

characteristics of city-states– Greek language

spoken in city states– Same myths and

heroes – Polytheistic • Same gods and

religious beliefs

– Participated in the Olympic games

SpartaSparta• City State on the

Peloponnesian peninsula

• Government – Oligarchy • State ruled by a

small group of wealthy citizens

Sparta• Sparta developed a military

society• Military Training– Education was centered

around training for military service

– All boys left home at age 7 and moved into army barracks

– Goal was to establish toughness and discipline

– Became at hoplites at age 20 and served till age 30• Spearmen who fought in phalanx

formation

– Had to be available for military service until age 60

SpartaSparta• Women did not train

for military service• Expected to produce

healthy boys for the army– Had to exercise and

strengthen their bodies

– babies who were not healthy at birth were left to die

• Not allowed to vote but could own property

Spartan DeclineSpartan Decline

• Individual freedom discouraged • Did not focus on artistic expression

or trade• Eventually led to their decline

ClosureClosure

• List three cultural characteristics that were common in Greek city states

• Describe the type of society that was created in Sparta?

• What was the role of women in Sparta?