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Ajay Dhutawale roll no. 11

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Introduction

In order for an individual to realize their supreme Self, they

need to identify the reasons and objectives why they came into

being on this earth plane, and fulfill them.

The ancient seers clearly articulated the objectives of

humankind as "Purusharthas" -- 'Purusha' means an individualor person, and 'Artha' means meaning or objective or pursuit.

They articulated four Purusharthas as:

Dharma : Righteousness, Duty

Artha : Wealth

Kama : Desire

Moksha : Liberation

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The four purusharthas are really the objectives of God, of the

Supreme Self, the qualities of God.

And since an individual person is a reflection of God, is a part

of God, it is the rightful pursuit of a person to fulfill these four

purusharthas.

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(Righteousness)

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DHARMA (Righteousness)

This concept is very central to the Indian Philosophy. Dharma does not

mean religion. Dharma is derived from the word Dharma which means to

hold, absorb and assimilate in such a way that it becomes ones nature. The

Dharma of ice is to sooth and cool anything it comes in contact with.

Dharma also is interpreted as a path of righteousness. Sanatan Dharma or

eternal path of righteousness prescribes various values to be imbibed ad

some values to be refrained, so s to lead an ethical and moral life.

According to the Sanatan Dharma there are three components of Dharma: SATYA:-

YAGNA-

TAPASYA-

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COMPONETS OF DHARMA

Satya-

Truth- in thoughts, words, deeds,intentions and actions

Yagna-

Dedication and sacrifice-giving updreams and aspirations , selflessness,looking at larger good, faith insupreme power

Tapasya-

Sublimation-purification of mind,body and soul so as to control onesdesires, instincts and passions

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SATYA:-

This means complete truth in thoughts, intentions, words and deeds. If there is

any discrepancy either in intention, spoken words or thoughts and ones deed itis not Satya.

Such a man who is Man of integrity who is completely truthful in thoughts,words and deeds is called a Dharmic Man. He may belong to any religion. Yet

he follows Dharma.

YAGNA- In Yagna - like in the holy fire, we offer our dreams and aspirations and have full

faith in the divine power. We do the selfless act as we wish to do maximum GOODof maximum number of people.

We forsake our petty and temporary pleasures, as also give up all the negativeemotions which obstructs our development in the holy fire as our offering to theomnipotent God. If any person does it irrespective of his religion or caste, he is truly

a Dharmic person.

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TAPASYA-

This refers to sublimation of ones desires, instincts and passionsleading a disciplined life, purifying the body, mind and the soul. In

various religions practiced in India, there are various rituals and

fasts observed to purify our body, mind and soul.

Muslim fast for an entire month of Ramzan, similarly the have Jainsa week of Paryushan and Hindus have Shravan All these rituals

are aimed to purify our heart as the pure hearted only can entitled to

the divine grace of the Lord.

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Kinds of Dharma Dharma-

It has Kshama (forgiveness), Daya (pity), Ahimsa (non violence), No Krodh(Anger) & Ahankar (ego)

Apad Dharma-

A course of action which is not usually proper but permissible in times of distressand calamity. To help even enemy when they are in need would come under apaddharma

Adharma- According to Rishi Manu in his Manu Shruti,

!

: ! ! !

if dharma is destroyed, it destroys us. If Dharma is protected, it protects it.

Therefore, do not destroy dharma lest dharma may destroy us.

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Swadharma-

:

!

:: ! ones duty based on ones swabhava (nature) and aptitude. The duty one

has to do, by ones virtue of birth in a particular family, place in societyshould be carried out for the general welfare of the society and worship ofDIVINE.

An example :- According to Indian Philosophy, the duty of a son is tomake his parents proud by his success in a field in which his parent wants.

but In this case, if the Parents forced the son to be a Doctor or Engineerand not pursue a career of his choice and Swabhava that would be

Adharma.

Hence, Swadharma gives the individual freedom to choose his career andimportant decisions as per his Swabhava (behavior ).

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Dharmic leadership.!

Ethical decision making:-

Ethical behavior both by individual and organization

Perfection

Difference between right and wrong

Maximum benefit for max people

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Example of Dharmic Leadership:

The eldest son of Kunti, in Mahabharat, Prince Yudhisthira is not

represented as a valorous warrior but is portrayed as excelling in virtues

and was called Dharma Raj.

He lost his Kingdom as it was at stake at a game of dice and as a result of

second game he and his 4 brothers were compelled to a exile of 13 years,

and 1 year in total agyatvas.

He was dharma personified and in the most crucial times of war he

followed principles like Truth (Satya), Yagna and Tapasya. He was full of

virtues and compassion not only for human being but also for animals and

insects.

After death, he got a place in heaven but renounced it because his faithful

dog was refused entrance with him. Later on he was readmitted to heaven

with his dog, by the consent of his Godfather, dharma

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Later on he was readmitted to heaven with his dog, by the

consent of his Godfather, dharma

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VARNASHRAM DHARMA:

It laid down the right conduct in the different stages of life. Duringthe making of Indian Civilization and culture in the ancient past, it

was conceived as a code of functioning, in logical sequence.

The four social classes in Ancient India:

(1) Bramhins:-

This social class was engaged in imparting and accumulatingknowledge and skills in different walks of life. The ultimate aim ofthis class was to know Bramhan to the ultimate spiritual truth.

Used to run gurukuls (schools & colleges )

(2) Kshatriya

This social class was engaged in protection of the civilians and were theProtectors hence the name Kshatriya,

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(3) Vaishya:-

This was the trading community which was engaged

in commerce and business and for providing goods and services

to the local community at competitive rate.

(4) Sudra.

They were the working class which took care of public

health and sanitation and were engaged in keeping the environment neat and

clean. This classification was based on the occupation of the individual

However, a son of a Vaishya (Trading Community) who was engaged in pursuit ofknowledge was considered a Bramhin and hence one was not born in this

community but choose to, due to the occupation they choose. Similarly, there

was another set of rules laid down for different stages of life like:

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There was another set of rules laid down for different stages of life like:

Ashrams in life

Brahmacharyashram-

8-21 years, male child, Gurukul,

Grihasthashram-

25years, marriage, law abiding citizen, dutiful householder

Vanaprathashram- after fulfilling the duties moving to the forest for a tranquil life and to look for

soul .

Sanyasashram- renounce the worldly pleasures and live like ascetic.

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Intro

The ancient seers clearly articulated the objectives of humankind as

"Purusharthas" -- 'Purusha' means an individual or person, and'Artha' means meaning or objective or pursuit. They articulated four

Purusharthas as:

Dharma : Righteousness, Duty

Artha : Wealth

Kama : Desire

Moksha : Liberation

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Artha ()

It refers to the idea of material prosperity. In Hinduism, artha is one of thefour goals of life, known as purusharthas.

It is considered to be a noble goal as long as it follows the dictates of Vedic

morality.

The concept includes achieving widespread fame, garnering wealth and

having an elevated social standing. It is the second of the four purusharthas.

The important thing to remember is not to be attached to the possession or

attainment of wealth.

It can be sought with detachment, and with awareness, and when done inthis state of mind, the pursuit of wealth is not different from the pursuit of

the Divine, because one sees abundance, or wealth as a form of the Divine.

And in this state of detachment, one recognizes when one has attained

their financial objectives, and hence the desire to pursue more

automatically dies away, paving the way for Moksha.

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Kama

Kama is fulfilling one's desires. Desires are in various forms -- to be

wealthy, powerful, sexual needs, recognition, service, etc. The Kama

purushartha advocates that one's desires in this lifetime need to be fulfilled,

albeit in a state of awareness and without harming anyone in the process.

As one becomes aware of their desires and one goes about fulfilling them

in awareness and without judgement, one soon reaches the stage of being

able to sublimate them. The Divine, the Universe, lends a big hand in the

process.

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Moksha ( liberation )

Moksha means liberation, realizing of the Self, and is the ultimate

destination for this human birth. It is the stage of inner realization that the individual self is the same

as the Supreme Self.

It is the experience of the cosmos within one's self. It is the

experience of the flow and fusion of the Shiva and Shakti energiesin one's self.

It is the experience of union, oneness, Ekatvam, with the Universe.

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