GCSE PE

Health, exercise, fitness and performance

By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:

? Explain the 5 components of health related exercise

Learning Objectives

Cardiovascular fitnessMuscular strength

Muscular enduranceFlexibility

Body composition

5 Components of Health related exercise

This requires your heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular) to work together to provide muscles with oxygenated blood

Basic cardiovascular fitness is needed in order to lead an everyday life (e.g. walking to the shops, climbing up stairs, running to catch the bus)

It also allows us to get involved in sports and leisure pursuits

…the ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time

Sports related:• The cardiovascular element of

fitness is important when we take part in sports that involve stamina such as cycling, running and swimming

Cardiovascular Fitness

Tip: Don’t get confused…

The following terms are also used to describe cardiovascular fitness and may be used in examination questions:

Cardio-Respiratory fitnessAerobic fitnessStamina Endurance

Cardiovascular Fitness

• A good level of strength can be very beneficial as it can help prevent injury, assist with good posture and it allows an individual to carry out everyday tasks without feeling fatigued (e.g. carrying shopping)

…the amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance

Sports related:• Weightlifting – to lift a heavy weight• Boxing – to produce a strong punch• Gymnastics – upper body strength

when maintaining a handstand

Muscular Strength

• This is related to muscular strength but is concerned with the ability to move smaller weights repeatedly without getting too tired (e.g. Rowing)

• Muscular endurance is used in day-to-day life in activities such as climbing and gardening

…the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

Sports related: • Essential for long distance events (running, cycling,

rowing)• Tennis – constant swinging of racket • Football – kicking ball for 90 minutes

Muscular Endurance

• Flexibility can also be known as suppleness • Muscle fibres have elastic properties and

are able to stretch and then return to their original position

• However, if they are not regularly stretched then they can become stiff and inflexible

• Flexibility is important for reducing the risk of muscle strain and injury and completing many everyday tasks such as tying your shoe laces!

…the range of movement possible at a joint

Sports related: • Gymnastics and Dance – a flexible joint possesses a greater

range of motion, which aids the performance of a skill• Running – a flexible hip joint allows a longer stride length

Flexibility

…the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone

• Some body shapes are better suited to certain sports than others.

• Lean body tissue is water, blood, skin, muscle and bone.

• From a health perspective it is important to have low body fat.

• In relation to sport, a sports person’s levels of fat can accumulate through inactivity.

Sports related: • Sumo wrestling – larger

body composition is better• All other sports benefit from

a leaner, more muscular body

Body Composition

BC

CF

F

MS

• Different sports favour different components of fitness

• This is why some athletes are successful at their sport as their component may match the sport’s requirements

• The components of fitness for an individual sport can be displayed in a bar graph. For example:

ME

SHOT PUTTER

HRE components in sport

Task 3:Write down what the letters

mean for each section of the graph

HRE components in sport

Task 4:Analyse the shot putter graph

and explain why some components are less important

than others

Task 5:Choose 2 sports that you play

and produce a bar chart for each one

Task 6:Swap your graphs with a

partner and mark their work out of 5 as to how accurate you

think they are. 1 mark for each level – be prepared to explain

your answer

Health related fitness

Health related exercise

By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:

Explain the 5 components of health related exercise

Learning Objectives

Make sure you have corrected any mistakes from your previous notes and

homework.If you have then have a night off…..

Homework