11/27/18 INTRO TO CELLSwaibiology.weebly.com/uploads/3/8/9/7/38973631/day61_cell_organelle.pdfPAGE...
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INTRO TO CELLS 11/27/18
Transcript of 11/27/18 INTRO TO CELLSwaibiology.weebly.com/uploads/3/8/9/7/38973631/day61_cell_organelle.pdfPAGE...
INTRO TO CELLS11/27/18
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DO NOW ▸ What are the similarities between eukaryotes and
prokaryotes?
▸ What are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
▸ ***Take out your HW***
AGENDA▸ Contribution to cell theory
▸ Cell Size
▸ Cell organelles
▸ Summary
HOMEWORK
CONTRIBUTORS TO CELL THEORY▸Hooke:
▸ Leeuwenhoek:
▸ Schleiden:
▸ Schwann:
▸ Virchow:
▸ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylwH9DU
CELL SIZE▸ https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=h0xTKxbIElU
▸
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CELL SIZE - SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO▸ Cells must constantly interact with
environment (nutrients in, wastes out)
▸ Require HIGH surface area to volume ratio
▸ As cell grows bigger, internal volume enlarges more than surface area
▸ If cell volume is too large, materials cannot cross membrane fast enough
CELL ORGANELLESPAGE 65 (CORNELL NOTES TITLE)
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CYTOPLASM▸ Jelly-like substance that contains all internal
molecules and structures of the cell
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ORGANELLE▸ “little organ”
▸ Membrane-bound structures inside cells that carry out a specific function
PAGE 65NUCLEUS
▸ Stores and protects DNA (genetic material)
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RIBOSOMES▸ Makes proteins (protein factory)
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)▸ Contains creases and folds
▸ Rough ER & Smooth ER
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ROUGH ER▸ Contains ribosomes
▸ Makes proteins
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SMOOTH ER▸ No ribosomes
▸ Makes lipids, breaks down drugs and alcohol
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GOLGI APPARATUS▸ Processes, sorts, packages, and ships proteins
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VESICLES▸ Small, membrane-bound sacs
▸ Used to isolate or transport specific molecules
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MITOCHONDRIA
▸ Supplies energy to the cell
▸ Breaks down glucose (sugar) to make ATP
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VACUOLE▸ Fluid-filled sac used for storage (water, nutrients,
ions, enzymes, etc.)
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CENTRAL VACUOLE▸ Only found in plants
▸ Filled with watery fluid
▸ Maintains shape of plant cell
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LYSOSOMES▸ Contains enzymes
▸ These enzymes can engulf and digest targeted molecules
▸ Molecules are then recycled
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CENTROSOMES▸ Produces microtubules, which maintain shape of
cell and help with movement inside the cell
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CELL WALLS ▸ Provides rigid support for plants
▸ Also found in bacteria and fungi
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CHLOROPLASTS▸ Carry out photosynthesis
▸ Converts energy from sun into chemical energy (glucose)
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PAGE 64- OUTPUT
QUESTIONS1. What similarities do mitochondria and
chloroplasts share?
2. Describe how the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and Golgi apparatus are structurally similar
3. Medicine, alcohol, and many drugs are detoxified in liver cells. Why do you think the liver cells of some people who abuse alcohol and drugs have an increase amount of smooth ER?
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HOMEWORK‣ CELL QUIZ ON FRIDAY
DO NOW ▸ Annotate the first page of “Cell Analogy Project”
▸ Take out notebook
AGENDA▸ Cell Organelle Mini Project
MINI PROJECT
CELL ANALOGY▸ Follow directions
▸Must be colorful
▸Must be thorough and descriptive
▸Must be creative
▸Due at the end of the period
HOMEWORK‣ CELL QUIZ ON FRIDAY
