11.2 Water Use and Management

Pg 296 – 303

“We all live downstream”

Global Water Use

• 3 Major uses:– ____________________ - 8% drinking/washing– _____________________– most freshwater– ____________________________- 19%• Europe and N. America

• How people use water depends on:– Availability of ______________________– Populations ___________________– ______________________ conditions

Residential Water Use

• Average Daily use of water (see chart pg 297)– U.S. _____ L (80 gal) daily – ½ inside ½ outside home– India 41 L

• Water Treatment– ____________________: safe to drink– Remove: mercury, arsenic, lead (natural or pollution)– Remove: ___________________ – from feces– Use physical and chemical ______________(pg 297)

Industrial Water Use 19% world wide

• Uses for industry:– Manufacture ____________________– Dispose of ________________________– Generate ________________________

• EX: 1,000 L for 1 kg of AL• Most used to cool power plants– Take surface water from river or lake to cool and

pump back to water. It is usually warmer, “clean”, able to be reused.

Agricultural Water Use67% use world wide

• EX: 300L to produce ear of corn!• 80% of water ____________________ and

never reaches plant roots• Irrigation:– Even if fertile soil sometimes not enough rainfall. – Irrigation provides ___________________• Flooding fields, Shallow ditches, sprinklers

– Do you think sprinklers are efficient?

Water Management Projects• Human Made:

– Romans made ______________________ from mountain to France and Spain.

– _____________ (control river flow and creates a reservoir)– ____________________

• Why?– Make land habitable– Create reservoir (recreation, drinking, flood control, irrigation,

industry)– Generate electric (dams supply 20% power globally)

• Consequences: people displaced, ecosystems destroyed, less productive farmland.

• Example: Colorado River diverted for 7 states. River usually runs dry before it reaches Mexico and into Gulf of CA.

Water Conservation

• As water is depleted it becomes more ______________________!– Dig deeper wells, pipe greater distances, clean up

pollution• Agriculture: __________ irrigation systems

sometimes controlled by computers and satellite• Industry: ____________cooling and waste water• Home: _____________ what you need,

technology, education– Examples? Pg 302

Solutions for the Future

• ________________________:– Process of removing salt from ocean water.• Middle East• Heat water and collect fresh water that evaporates• Very EXPENSIVE!

• Transport– ____________ (EX: Greek islands and tourists)– US consider water from Alaska to California– Towing ___________________(not efficient)