1.1 MF BIOGAS PRODUCTION WITH SORGHUM BIOMASS...WHY SORGHUM FOR BIOGAS? SORGHUM IS MORE THAN FEED...
Transcript of 1.1 MF BIOGAS PRODUCTION WITH SORGHUM BIOMASS...WHY SORGHUM FOR BIOGAS? SORGHUM IS MORE THAN FEED...
BUCHAREST
3-4 NOVEMBER 2016
1ST EUROPEAN SORGHUM CONGRESS
WORKSHOP FROM ENERGY PRODUCTION TO FOOD AND FEED
BIOGAS PRODUCTION WITH SORGHUM BIOMASS
Dr. Maendy FRITZ, Head of department for renewable r esources crops, TFZ institute GERMANY
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STRUCTURE
2 Dr. Maendy FRITZ, Biogas Production with Sorghum Biomass
Why sorghum for biogas in Germany?
Cultivar screening in Straubing, Bavaria
Methane yield andinfluencing factors
Sorghum as energy crop: key issues for breeding
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INSTITUTE DESCRIPTION
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Institution of the Bavarian Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry
Applied research: Energy and raw material cropsBiofuelsCombustion
Support of bioenergy projects, e.g. biomass heating stations
Transfer of knowledge
TECHNOLOGY AND SUPPORT CENTER (TFZ)
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WHY SORGHUM FOR BIOGAS?
SORGHUM IS MORE THAN FEEDHigh yield potential
Requires only a short growing period���� Sorghum as catch crop in cropping systems with who le crop cereals
Lower input than maize
Can be grown on light soils/under conditions, where maize has no stable yield
Methane yield of sorghum is satisfying
Sorghum is rarely used as fodder in Germany���� Hydrocyanic acid/prussic acid content
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WHY SORGHUM FOR BIOGAS?
RESTRICTIONS AND REGULATIONSSorghum was alternative crop choice where Western c orn rootworm ( Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) occured
Cropping system restriction allowed only in 2 out o f 3 years maizeSince 2014, Diabrotica is no longer listed as quara ntine pest ���� no cropping system restriction
Maize as biogas substrate was limited to 60 % for b iogas plants under Renewable Energy Law 2012 (EEG 2012)
Other crops such as sorghum, whole crop cereals, le y became more attractive for biogas plant owners
No limitations for biogas plants in EEG 2004, 2009, 2014, 2017
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CLIMATE CHANGE & SORGHUM
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INCREASE OF POTENTIAL CROP AREA
not suitable
well suitable
suitable
most suitableno data
hardly suitable
Germany 1961–1990 Germany 2011–2040
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BIOMASS YIELD & DRY MATTER CONTENT
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SORGHUM SCREENING 2015
0 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 44%0
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
250
dt/ha
KWS Santos
JLU Gießen 04
SB0115
KSH 3719
KWS Tarzan
AmiggoKWS TitusKWS Merlin
JLU Gießen 03
PR 817 F
PR 823 F
KWS Hannibal
NS 201Zeus
HerkulesAristos
KSH 3724
RGT Gguepard
Joggy
GW600 BMR
SBF001
GK Emese
Sweet Susana
Farmsugro 180
GW 9417GW 9460
Sweet Caroline
Vegga
Silo Pro Dwarf BMR
ASM-21-09-14ASM-4-11-14
ASM-5-11-14Lussi
Gardavan
KWS SoleKWS Freya
KWS Sammos
Sweet Six BMR
Sweet Bites
SBS001
Sweet Forever BMR
Fernandez
Atletas
Monty
Fabregas
Dry
mat
ter
yiel
d
Dry matter content
S. bicolor (food)S. bicolor (grain)S. bic. x S. sud.Maize lateMaize earlyP. glaucum
ADR 500Super Massa
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BIOMASS YIELD & DRY MATTER CONTENT
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SORGHUM SCREENING 2016
0 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 44%0
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
250
dt/ha
KWS Juno
KWS TitusKWS Tarzan
KWS Santos
NS401PR817F
KWS MerlinAmiggoKWS Hannibal
PR832FNS204
AristosHerkules
NS201
ZeusRGT Gguepard
Joggy
NS212
Advancegrazer
GK EmeseCapello
Sweet SusannaFarmsugro 180
Fuego
Sweet Caroline
GW 9417
Vegga
LussiKWS Sole
KWS Sammos
Gardavan
KWS Freya
Super Sugar
Sweet Six BMRSweet Bites
Atletas
Fabregas
Monty
SuperMassa
Dry
mat
ter
yiel
d
Dry matter content
S. bicolor (food)S. bicolor (grain)S. bic. x S. sud.Maize lateMaize earlyP. glaucum
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LODGING EVEN IN GRAIN SORGHUM
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SEVERE LODGING IN 2016
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WILD BOARS PREFER MAIZE …
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POSITIVE ASPECT
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METHANE OUTPUT
INGREDIENTS MAIZE VS. SORGHUM
M
X
F
G
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 100
XA XP XL XStarchXSugar Hemicellulose ADF org.Res.
Ingredient content
Mai
zean
dS
orgh
um ty
pes
XA: crude ashXP: crude proteinXL: crude lipidsADF: cellulose +ligninorg.Res. :organic residues
Hemicellulose + org. Residues= N-free extracts
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METHANE OUTPUT
CULTIVAR ‘GK EMESE ’, 2013
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
400
Nl/kg oTM
Met
hana
usbe
ute
Fraktion
Methanausbeute
Ganzpflanze Körner Restpflanze Rest:Korn1:1
Rest:Korn1:2
Rest:Korn2:1
0
10
20
30
40
50
70
% TM
Zucker Stärke
Zuc
ker/
Stä
rke
Sug
ar/S
tarc
h
DM Methane yield
DM
Met
hane
yiel
dStarchSugar
R : G Residue (R)Grain (G) R : G R : G Whole crop
Fraction
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METHANE YIELD 2012–2014
HIGH VARIABILITY BETWEEN YEARS
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
7.000
Methane yield 2012, 2013, 2014
Met
hane
yiel
d
Cultivar
Lussiearly
KWS Freyamedium early
Aristosmedium late
Jumbolate
Nm³ CH4/ha
0
50
100
150
200
250
350
Nl/kg oDM
Methane output 2012, 2013, 2014
Met
hane
outp
ut
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Crop Numberof data
Methane yieldin Nl CH 4/kg oDM
Methane yieldin Nm³ CH 4/ha
S. bicolor F 66 293,2 5143
S. bicolor G 37 315,4 4392
S. bic. x S. sud. 40 296,8 4892
Maize 6 347,2 7045
BIOMASS YIELD DETERMINES METHANE YIELD
Maize + 15 % + 48 %
METHANE YIELD 2012–2014
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METHANE OUTPUT
WHAT IS REQUIRED FOR HIGH METHANE YIELD PER HECTARE?
High biomass yield per hectare
High methane yield per kg DM
High digestibility of the biomass
Low ash content
High content of N-free extracts
Content of starch, sugar, etc. is less important
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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