11 Chemistry Solved sample paper

8/9/2019 11 Chemistry Solved sample paper

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SAMPLE PAPER-01 (solved)

CHEMISTRY (Theory)

Class XI

Time allowed: 3 hours Answers Maximum Marks: 70

! " #i!

$! Tri"o%al &yramidal!

3! Me'alli hydrides 'ra& hydro"e% i% 'heir oids *ormi%" i%'ers'i'ial

hydrides+ 'hus 'hey a% ,e used *or s'ori%" hydro"e%!

-! I' will ,e a weaker redui%" a"e%' i* ele'rohemial series has eleme%'s i% dereasi%" order

o* 'heir redu'io% &o'e%'ial!

.! The i%'ermoleular *ores i% ar,o% dioxide are more 'ha% i% me'ha%e moleules ,eause o*

"rea'er &olari'y

/! Hi"her 'he ele'rode &o'e%'ial lower is i's 'e%de%y 'o lose ele'ro%s a%d 'here*ore+ lower is

'he ele'ro&osi'ie hara'er o* 'he me'al! So 'he me'als are arra%"ed as: + 1+ 2+ C!

7! (a) #ow io%ia'io% e%'hal&y o* 'he me'al a'om!

(,)Hi"h ele'ro% "ai% e%'hal&y o* 'he %o%4me'al a'om!

()Hi"h la''ie e%'hal&y o* 'he om&ou%d *ormed!

5! (a)Electric arc red hot Fe

2 2 2 6 62C + H C H C H

(,)4Hot KMnO

2 2 2 2 2 2 2CaC + H O C H C H O

6! 8a9H ; 9H4 ; 0!00M

H39


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0!

Classial smo" hemial smo"

9urs i% ool humid lima'e! s i% warm+ dry a%d su%%y lima'e!

I' is a mix'ure o* smoke+ *o" a%d

sul&hur dioxide!

%e%'s o* &ho'ohemial smo" resul'

*rom 'he a'io% o* su%li"h' o%

u%sa'ura'ed hydroar,o%s > oxides o*

%i'ro"e% &rodued ,y au'omo,iles >

*a'ories!

! (i) 1ue 'o %o%4aaila,ili'y o* d or,i'als+ ,oro% is u%a,le 'o ex&a%d i's o'e'! There*ore+

'he maximum oale%e o* ,oro% a%%o' exeed - a%d i' a%%o' *orm ?/3@io%!

(ii) Si?/$4 is k%ow% whereas SiCl/ $4 is %o' k%ow% si%e six lar"e sie a'oms i!e! six

hlori%e a'oms a%%o' ,e aommoda'ed arou%d Si ,u' six small sie a'oms (? a'oms)

a% ,e om*or'a,ly aommoda'ed!

(iii) Co%! H893 a% ,e s'ored i% alumi%ium o%'ai%er ,eause o* 'he *orma'io% o*

&ro'e'ie layer o* oxide whih &ree%'s su,seAue%' layers *rom u%der"oi%" rea'io%wi'h %i'ri aid!

$! (i) H$S is oxidised ,eause a more ele'ro%e"a'ie eleme%'+ hlori%e is added 'o hydro"e%

a%d so "e' redued!

(ii) 2lumi%ium is oxidised ,eause oxy"e% is added 'o i'! ?errous *erri oxide (?e39-) is

redued ,eause oxy"e% has ,ee% remoed *rom i'!

(iii) Bi'h 'he are*ul a&&lia'io% o* 'he o%e&' o* ele'ro%e"a'ii'y o%ly we may i%*er 'ha'

sodium is oxidised a%d hydro"e% is redued!3! (i) Mos' o* 'he s&ae i% 'he a'om is em&'y as mos' o* 'he a@&ar'iles &assed 'hrou"h 'he *oil

u%de*le'ed!

(ii) 2 *ew &osi'iely har"ed al&ha@ &ar'iles were de*le'ed! The de*le'io% mus' ,e due 'o

e%ormous re&ulsie *ore showi%" 'ha' 'he &osi'ie har"e o* 'he a'om is %o' s&read

'hrou"hou' 'he a'om as Thomso% had &resumed! The &osi'ie har"e has 'o ,e

o%e%'ra'ed i% a ery small olume 'ha' re&elled a%d de*le'ed 'he &osi'iely har"ed

al&ha@ &ar'iles!


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(iii) Calula'io%s ,y Ru'her*ord showed 'ha' 'he olume ou&ied ,y 'he %uleus is

%e"li"i,ly small as om&ared 'o 'he 'o'al olume o* 'he a'om! The radius o* 'he a'om is

a,ou' 0@0m+ while 'ha' o* %uleus is [email protected]!

-! (i) The *u%'io%al "rou& may ,e de*i%ed as a% a'om or "rou& o* a'oms oi%ed i% a s&ei*i

ma%%er whih is res&o%si,le *or 'he hara'eris'i hemial &ro&er'ies o* 'he or"a%i

om&ou%ds! The exam&les are hydroxyl "rou& (@9H)+ aldehyde "rou& (@CH9)!

(ii) 2 "rou& or a series o* or"a%i om&ou%ds eah o%'ai%i%" a hara'eris'i *u%'io%al

"rou& *orms a homolo"ous series a%d 'he mem,ers o* 'he series are alled homolo"ues!

The mem,ers o* a homolo"ous series a% ,e re&rese%'ed ,y "e%eral moleular *ormula

a%d 'he suessie mem,ers di**er *rom eah o'her i% moleular *ormula ,y a @CH$u%i'!

9r

S'a%dard ele'rode &o'e%'ial alues *or 'wo hal*4ell rea'io%s su""es' 'ha' alumi%ium has hi"h

'e%de%y 'o make 2l3

whih is more e**e'ie 'ha% 'he sidewise oerla& o* &i ,o%d as "rea'er e%er"y will ,e

released i% axial oerla&!

(d)

o'h 8aCl a%d 2"893 are io%i solids! They readily dissoia'e 'o *orm io%s i% 'he

solu'io%! Siler io%s om,i%e wi'h hlori%e io%s 'o "ie whi'e &rei&i'a'e o* 2"Cl!

/!(i)

+

2H is more s'a,le 'ha% 2H

as i' o%'ai%s %o ele'ro% i% a%'i,o%di%" M9 while la''er

o%'ai%s a% ele'ro% i% a%'i,o%di%" M9 maki%" i' less s'a,le!

(ii) =Cl.o%'ai%s axial a%d eAua'orial ,o%ds! 2xial ,o%ds are lo%"er 'ha% eAua'orial ,o%ds

as 'hey *ae more re&ulsio% *rom eAua'orial ,o%ds! He%e axial ,o%ds are weaker 'ha%

eAua'orial ,o%ds!


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(iii) 8aI is more oale%' due 'o hi"h &olaria,ili'y o* iodide 'ha% hloride io%!

7! (i) I% a% o&e% sys'em+ 'here is exha%"e o* e%er"y a%d ma''er ,e'wee% sys'em a%d

surrou%di%"s! The &rese%e o* rea'a%'s i% a% o&e% ,eaker is a% exam&le o* a% o&e%

sys'em! Here 'he ,ou%dary is a% ima"i%ary sur*ae e%losi%" 'he ,eaker a%d rea'a%'s!

(ii) I% a losed sys'em+ 'here is %o exha%"e o* ma''er+ ,u' exha%"e o* e%er"y is &ossi,le

,e'wee% sys'em a%d 'he surrou%di%"s! The &rese%e o* rea'a%'s i% a losed essel

made o* o%du'i%" ma'erial e!"! o&&er or s'eel is a% exam&le o* a losed sys'em!

(iii) I% a% isola'ed sys'em+ 'here is %o exha%"e o* e%er"y or ma''er ,e'wee% 'he sys'em a%d

'he surrou%di%"s! The &rese%e o* rea'a%'s i% a 'hermos *lask or a%y o'her losed

i%sula'ed essel is a% exam&le o* a% isola'ed sys'em!

5!

a)

,)

)

d)

e)


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*)

6!

i) Mass o* or"a%i om&ou%d ; 0!$-7. "

Mass o* ar,o% dioxide &rodued ; 0!-6.0 "

Mass o* wa'er &rodued ; 0!$0$. "

=ere%'a"e o* Car,o% ;12 Mass of carbon dioxide

x x 100

44 Mass of compound taken

; .-!.-

=ere%'a"e o* Hydro"e% ;2 Mass of water

x x 10018 Mass of compound taken

; 6!06

(ii) lood red oloura'io% due 'o ?e(C8S) will ,e &rodued!

$0!

i) The ha%"e H$9(l)H$9(g)

FH ; FG < F%"RT

FG ; -!00 kmol @ x 5!3 molJ x 373 J

; -!00 @ 3!06/ kmol ; 37!60- kmol

ii) The ha%"e H$9(l)H$9(s)

There is %e"li"i,le ha%"e i% olume+ so K ; F%"RT ; 0

I% 'his ase+ FH FG

There*ore+ FG ; -!00 kmol

$!

i!

The #a''ie E%'hal&y o* a% io%i solid is de*i%ed as 'he e%er"y reAuired 'o om&le'elyse&ara'i%" o%e mole o* a solid io%i om&ou%d i%'o "aseous o%s'i'ue%' io%s!

ii! o%d le%"'h is de*i%ed as 'he eAuili,rium dis'a%e ,e'wee% 'he %ulei o* 'wo ,o%ded

a'oms i% a moleule!

iii! o%d a%"le is de*i%ed as 'he a%"le ,e'wee% 'he or,i'als o%'ai%i%" ,o%di%" ele'ro%

&airs arou%d 'he e%'ral a'om i% a moleuleom&lex io%!

$$!

i!

H$9 is oale%' hydride whereas 8aH is io%i or sali%e hydride!


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ii! Drou& 7 'o "rou& 6 eleme%'s do %o' *orm hydrides! This re"io% o* &eriodi 'a,le

*rom "rou& 7 'o 6 is alled as hydride "a&!

iii! # o* H$9$"ies . # o* 9$a' 8T=!

$3! (a) 1iammo%ium &hos&ha'e!

(,) I' is used 'o &rodue ,io "as!

() I' will make 'he soil ,asi whih is %o' sui'a,le *or ro&s!

(d) Ma%ure does %o' harm 'he soil whereas *er'iliers harm 'he soil!

$-!

8o Lale%y 9xida'io% 8um,er

! I' is always a whole %um,er! I' a% ,e ee% *ra'io%al!

$! I' de*i%ed as 'he %um,er o*

hydro"e% a'oms whih om,i%e

wi'h o%e a'om o* 'he eleme%'!

I' is de*i%ed as 'he har"e assi"%ed 'o

a% a'om o* a moleule or io%!

3! Gsually a% eleme%' has *ixed

ale%y i% all i's om&ou%ds!

2% eleme%' has di**ere%' ale%y i%

di**ere%' om&ou%ds!

-! I' does %o' hae a%y si"%! I' has ei'her &osi'ie or %e"a'ie si"%!

.! Lale%y o* %o o'her eleme%' is

ero exe&' %o,le "ases!

I' a% ,e ero!

9r

2 2 2CO(g) + H O (g) CO (g)+H (g)

Initialconcentration

0.1 M 0.1 M 0 0

#e' x mole o* eah o* 'he &rodu' ,e *ormed!

2' eAuili,rium:

(0! @ x) M (0! @ x) M x M x M

Bhere x is 'he amou%' o* ar,o% dioxide a%d hydro"e% a' eAuili,rium!

He%e eAuli,rium o%s'a%' a% ,e+


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J;2

2K 4.24

(0.1 )c

x

x= =

x$; -!$- (0!0 < x$@ 0!$x)

; 0!0-$- < -!$-x$@ 0!5-5x

3!$-x$@ 0!5-5x < 0!0-$- ; 0

a ; 3!$-+ , ; 4 0!5-5+ ; 0!0-$-

*or Auadra'i eAua'io% ax$< ,x < ; 0+

2( 4 )

2

b b acx

a

=

Su,s'i'u'i%" 'he alues+ we "e'

(0.848 0.4118)

6.48x

=

1

(0.848 0.4118)

0.0676.48x

= =

2

(0.848 0.4118)0.194

6.48x

+= =

The alue 0!6- should ,e %e"le'ed ,eause i' will "ie o%e%'ra'io% o* 'he rea'a%'

whih is more 'ha% i%i'ial o%e%'ra'io%!

He%e 'he eAuili,rium o%e%'ra'io%s are+

C9$ ; H$ ; x ; 0!0/7 M

C9 ; H$9 ; 0! @ 0!0/7 ; 0!033 M

$.!

! I% eleme%'s+ i% 'he *ree or 'he u%om,i%ed s'a'e+ eah a'om ,ears a% oxida'io% %um,er

o* ero! Eide%'ly eah a'om i% H$+ 9$+ Cl$+ 93+ =-+ S5+ 8a+ M"+ 2l has 'he oxida'io% %um,er

ero!


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$! ?or io%s om&osed o* o%ly o%e a'om+ 'he oxida'io% %um,er is eAual 'o 'he har"e o% 'he

io%! Thus 8a


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,oro% 'here,y i%reasi%" 'he s'a,ili'y o* ?3moleule! Thus+ due 'o a,se%e o* lo%e

&air o* ele'ro%s o% H a'om 'his om&e%sa'io% does %o' our i% H3! I% o'her words

ele'ro% de*iie%y o* s'ays > he%e i' redues i's ele'ro% de*iie%y as H 3

dimerises 'o *orm $H/!

iii) Car,o% is a,le 'o *orm &O @ &O ,o%d wi'h 9 a'om a%d o%s'i'u'e a s'a,le %o% 4 &olar

moleule 9 ; C ; 9! 1ue 'o weak i%'er &ar'ile *ore i's ,oili%" &oi%' is low a%d i' is

"as a' room 'em&era'ure! Si o% 'he o'her ha%d is %o' a,le 'o *rom &O @ &O ,o%d wi'h 9

a'oms ,eause o* i's rela'iely lar"e sie! I% order 'o om&le'e i's o'e' Si is li%ked 'o

*our 9 a'oms arou%d i' ,y si"ma ,o%d > 'hese o%s'i'u'es %e'work s'ru'ure+ whih is

res&o%si,le *or i's solidi'y!

$/!

a) The i%du'ie e**e' is leas' i% C$4C3 ,o%d ,eause 'he ma"%i'ude o* i%du'ie e**e'

dereases as 'he %um,er o* i%'ere%i%" ,o%ds i%reases!

,) =e%'4$4 e%e will show "eome'rial isomerism!

) =osi'io% isomerism+ Me'amerism+ ?u%'io%al isomerism!

9r

a) Aq.NaOH soda lime3 3 4CH COOH CH COONa CH

2 2Cl / ClNa/dry ether

3 2 6 2 5CH Cl C H C H Clhv

2Bralc. KOH alc.KOH

2 2 2 4 2CH = CH 2(C H Br) CH = CHBr

2NaNH Red hot iron tube/873K

2 6 6CH = CHBr CH CH C H

,) ra%hed hai% hydroar,o%s 'ry 'o aAuire s&herial sha&e whih has mi%imum sur*ae

area+ 'here*ore mi%imum a% der BaalsP *ores o* a''ra'io% a%d he%e 'hey hae lower

,oili%" &oi%'!

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