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SAMPLE PAPER-04 (solved)

CHEMISTRY (Theory)

Class XI

Time allowed: 3 hours Answer Maximum Marks: 70

!

"ro#$%$e&$$ol!

%! 'eH%is a li&ear moleule wih H$'e$H *o&d a&+le as ,0-! .lhou+h he 'e$H *o&ds are #olar/ he

*o&d #olariies a&el eah oher a&d he &e di#ole mome& is ero!

3!

H 1 % x (2 (/70)) k45mol 1 2 3/360 k45 mol!

6! Here/ a8 i&diaes he i&ermoleular 9ores o9 araio&!

!

:

a) ; 1 s%%s%%#6

*) Ca 1 s%%s%%#3s%3#6s%

! ess &e+ai=e elero& +ai& e&hal#y =alue o9 < is due o =ery small sie o9 < aom! .s a

o&se?ue&e o9 small sie here are sro&+ i&er$elero&i re#ulsio&s i& relai=ely om#a %#$

su*shell o9 9luori&e a&d hus elero& does &o 9eel muh araio&! Cl is om#arai=ely

*i++er i& sie ha& < a&d a& aommodae elero& easily!

*) @ue o exaly hal9 9illed o&9i+uraio& o9 A Bs% %s%%#x%#y%# i is more sa*le ha& ; Bs%

%s%%#x%%#y%#! So/ io&iaio& e&hal#y o9 A is hi+her ha& ;!

9. The dereasi&+ order o9 aidi *eha=iour is: Ehy&e D *e&e&e D &$#e&a&e! The C$H *o&d i&

ehy&e/ *e&e&e a&d &$#e&a&e are 9ormed o=erla#! Aow/ +reaer he #ere&a+e s haraer/

+reaer is he elero&e+ai=iy! The C$ H *o&d i& ehy&e/ *e&e&e a&d & #e&a&e is 9ormed *y

s# s/ s#% s/ s#3 s o=erla#! Aow/ +reaer he #ere&a+e s haraer/ +reaer is he

elero&e+ai=iy! There9ore/ s#$hy*ridised ar*o& i& ehy&e is more elero&e+ai=e ha& s#%

hy*ridised ar*o& o9 *e&e&e whih i& ur& is more elero&e+ai=e ha& s#3hy*ridised ar*o& o9

& #e&a&e! Thus he #olariy o9 C H *o&d is i& he order: Ehy&e D 'e&e&e D "e&a&e!

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0!

@omesi wase o&siss o9 *oh *iode+rada*le a&d &o&$*iode+rada*le om#o&e&s! The laer

o&sisi&+ o9 #lasi/ +lass/ meal sra# e!/ ha is se#araed 9rom i! The *iode+rada*le #orio&

whih o&siss o9 or+a&i maer a& *e o&=ered i&o ma&ures *y suia*le mehods!

;r

a) The exra$ordi&ary sa*iliy o9 *e&e&e is due o reso&a&e! @ue o his/ he F elero& loud

+es deloalied resuli&+ i& he sa*iliy o9 he moleule!

*) %M&322 %H%;M&%22 M&;%2 6H2

! :

a)

.ordi&+ o i is small i& sie ha& / hus >i2

has a hi+h har+ede&siy! Thus #olarii&+ #ower o9 >i2is hi+her ha& 2/ he&e >iCl is more o=ale& ha&

Cl!

*)

Smaller he sie o9 io& +reaer is he de+ree o9 hydraio&! I& a?ueous medium >i2 +es

hea=ily hydraed! Thus mo*iliy o9 hydraed >i2is low!

%! :

a) Si&e i is u&sa*le a&d *eomes sa*le o& a*sor*i&+ &euro&!

*) Aulear wases should *e 9illed i& *oro& seel o&ai&ers a&d *uried dee# i&o he earh!

)

I resuls i& +e&ei disorders!

3! :

a)

@ue o s#$hy*ridiaio& wih *o&d a&+le ,00!

*) Co=ale& *o&d is 9ormed *y o=erla##i&+ o9 aomi or*ials/ here9ore hey are direio&al whereas

he io&i *o&ds are 9ormed *y he ra&s9er o9 elero&s a&d so are &o&$direio&al!

) I is due o s#3hy*ridiaio& a&d wo lo&e #airs o9 elero&s!

6!

:a)

I is *eause i is a sal o9 sro&+ *ase a&d weak aid i!e!/ alium hydroxide a&d #hos#hori

aid!

b)

I is *eause i &euralies he aid released i& he mouh!

c)3 2

2+ 3-

sp 4K = Ca PO

;r

'ased o& he exe& o whih he reaio&s #roeed/ he sae o9 hemiale?uili*riumi& a

hemial reaio& may *e lassi9ied i&o hree +rou#s as 9ollows:

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(i) The reaio&s ha #roeed &early o om#leio& a&d o&ly &e+li+i*le o&e&raio&s o9 he

reaa&s are le9! I& some ases/ i may &o *e e=e& #ossi*le o dee hese ex#erime&ally!

(ii) The reaio&s i& whih o&ly small amou&s o9 #rodus are 9ormed a&d mos o9 he reaa&s

remai& u&ha&+ed a e?uili*rium sa+e!

(iii) The reaio&s i& whih he o&e&raio&s o9 he reaa&s a&d #rodus are om#ara*le/ whe&

he sysem is i& e?uili*rium!

! Si+&i9ia&e o9 o&sa& *8 $ The o&sa& *8 is alled o$=olume or exluded =olume #er mol o9 a

+as! Is u&is are >5mol! The =olume o9 *8 is 9our imes he aual =olume o9 he moleules!

Si+&i9ia&e o9 o&sa& a8 The =alue o9 o&sa& a8 +i=es he idea o9 he ma+&iude o9 arai=e

9ores *ewee& he moleules o9 he +as! Is u&is are am5>%5mol%! >ar+er he =alue o9 a8 lar+er

will *e he i&ermoleular araio& amo&+ he +as moleules!

!

a)

Tolue&e Airaio& is a& elero#hili su*siuio& reaio&! Si&e CH3 +rou# is elero&

do&ai&+ +rou#/ i i&reases he elero& de&siy o& he *e&e&e ri&+/ here*y im#ro=es

elero#hili su*siuio& reaio&! The &iro +rou# is elero& wihdrawi&+ +rou#/ here9ore i

is deai=ai&+!

*) Aum*er o9 si+ma *o&ds 7/ &um*er o9 #i *o&ds !

) Aum*er o9 si+ma *o&ds ,/ &um*er o9 #i *o&ds !

7! The u&k&ow& eleme& is Ca! Here he hird io&iaio& e&er+y is =ery hi+h whih su++es ha he

remo=al o9 he hird elero& is di99iul! The elero&i o&9i+uraio& o9 alium is B.r 6s%9irs

wo elero&s a& *e remo=ed wihou muh di99iuly! 'u he remo=al o9 hird elero& 9rom he

sa*le elero&i o&9i+uraio& o9 ar+o& is di99iul! He&e/ he hird io&iaio& e&er+y is hi+h!

,!

a)

The $ray is used 9or reai&+ a&er!

*) Co$0!

J! :

a) '/ C a&d A

*) 'oro&

i!

I 9orms aidi oxide whereas oher eleme&s 9orm am#hoeri oxide a&d *asi oxides!

ii! I a&&o 9orm B'

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i!

I shows he #ro#ery o9 ae&aio& o maximum exe&!

ii! I a&&o 9orm BCCl%$due o &o&$a=aila*iliy o9 d$or*ials!

Airo+e&

i! I is a +as ohers are solid!

ii! .mmo&ia is a li?uid whereas ohers are +ases!

%0!

a)

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olume o92 4

8

MH SO o&sumed *y AH31 %(0 30!,) 1 % x J!% m3

J!% m3o9 2 48

MH SO 1 % x J!% m3o9

8

MAH3

1 11.4x2x x 1.4x2x19.2x1

% 28%0.24x8

V MN

W= = =

%3!

a) elero&s i& #rese&e o9 oxy+e& o 9orm waer!

*) I a& *e #re=e&ed *y #ai&i&+/ oili&+/ +reasi&+ a&d +al=a&iaio&!

) The meal +es oxidised!

%6!

i)

'orax soluio& o& aidi9iaio& 9orms *ori aid!

2 4 7 2 3 32 5 2 4Na B O HCl H O NaCl H BO+ + +

ii) '

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su*siuio& reaio&s/ reso&a&e sa*iliy is reai&ed! There9ore/ are&es u&der+o

elero#hili su*siuio& reaio&s more readily!

d) Ao/ *eause i reas wih waer i& #rese&e o9 sul#huri aid o 9orm eha&ol!

%! Se# : The skeleal io&i e?uaio& is

- - -

4 2 3MnO (aq) + Br (aq) MnO (s) + BrO (aq)

Se# %: .ssi+& oxidaio& &um*ers 9or M& a&d 'r!

-7 1 4 5- -

4 2 3Mn O (aq) + Br (aq) Mn O (s) + Br O (aq)+ + +

Se# 3: Calulae he i&rease a&d derease o9 oxidaio& &um*er/ a&d make hem e?ual!

-7 1 4 5- -

4 2 32MnO (aq) + Br (aq) 2MnO (s) + BrO (aq)+ + +

Se# 6: .s he reaio& ours i& he *asi medium/ a&d he io&i har+es are &o e?ual o& *oh he

sides/ add % ;H$io&s o& he ri+h o make io&i har+es e?ual!

- - -

4 2 32MnO (aq) + Br (aq) 2MnO (s) + BrO (aq) + 2OH (aq)

Se# :

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3!

The oxidaio& &um*er o9 oxy+e& i& mos om#ou&ds is %! Howe=er/ we ome aross wo

ki&ds o9 exe#io&s here! ;&e arises i& he ase o9 #eroxides a&d su#eroxides/ he

om#ou&ds o9 oxy+e& i& whih oxy+e& aoms are direly li&ked o eah oher! Phile i&

#eroxides (e!+!/ H%;%/ Aa%;%)/ eah oxy+e& aom is assi+&ed a& oxidaio& &um*er o9 / i&

su#eroxides (e!+!/ ;%/R*;%) eah oxy+e& aom is assi+&ed a& oxidaio& &um*er o9 (Q)!

The seo&d exe#io& a##ears rarely/ i!e! whe& oxy+e& is *o&ded o 9luori&e! I& suh

om#ou&ds e!+!/ oxy+e& di9luoride (;

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ar) are allowed o reom*i&e o& he sur9ae o *e welded o +e&erae he em#eraure o9

6000!

h) I is used as a roke 9uel i& s#ae researh!

@ihydro+e& is used i& 9uel ells 9or +e&erai&+ elerial e&er+y! I has ma&y ad=a&a+es o=er he

o&=e&io&al 9ossil 9uels a&d eleri #ower! I does &o #rodue a&y #olluio& a&d releases

+reaer e&er+y #er u&i mass o9 9uel i& om#ariso& o +asoli&e a&d oher 9uels!

;r

a)

3

3 2 2 2 2 3CH - CH - CH - CH - CH - CH sp hybridized with s-character 25%

CH CH sp hybridized with s-character 50%

Si&e s$or*ial are loser o he &uleus/ he&e due o more s haraer i& ehy&e (s# hy*ridied)

he hy*ridied or*ial is &eares o his ar*o& aom i& om#ared o s#%hy*ridised ar*o&! This

leads o he mo=eme& o9 C$H *o&d #air more owards s# hy*ridied ar*o&/ leadi&+ o he

de=elo#me& o9 #arial #osii=e har+e o& he hydro+e& aahed o s# hydridised ar*o& a&d

e=e&ually hel#s i& release o9 #roo& (H2)! Thus ehy&e is more aidi ha& &$hexa&e!

*)

(i) Pur reaio&: .lkyl halides o& reame& wih sodium meal i& dry eher medium +i=e

hi+her alka&es! This is alled Pur reaio& a&d is used 9or he #re#araio& o9 alka&es wih e=e&

&um*er o9 ar*o& aoms!

3 3 3 3CH Br + 2Na + CH Br CH - CH + 2NaBrether

(ii) .idi dehydraio&: .lohols o& heai&+ wih o&! H%S;6 a 663 9orm alke&es wih

elimi&aio& o9 o&e waer moleule! Si&e a waer moleule is los i& he #rese&e o9 aid/ he

reaio& is alled aidi dehydraio& o9 alohols!

.sulphuric acid

3 2 2 2 2CH - CH OH CH = CH + H Oconc

)

2 4 2 4H O + HgSO + H SO /333K

3 3 2

3 2 3 3

CH -C CH CH - C(OH) = CH

CH - C(OH) = CH CH - CO - CH