(10:45 ~ 12:00, Monday 23rd April) - University of …Solid solution of (K x Na 1-x)NbO 3 films...

2 min Oral presentation with Poster discussion

(10:45 ~ 12:00, Monday 23rd April)

2 min Oral presentation with Poster discussion(10:45 ~ 12:00, Monday 23rd April)

1aPA01

Polarization and Characterization of PiezoelectricPolarization and Characterization of Piezoelectric Ring-Element Polarized in Circumferential Direction

Mi h i H J T i f lMinghui Huang, Jens TwiefelInstitut für Dynamik und Schwingungeny g gTokyo, 23/04/2012

IWPMA 2012

Motivation

• Torsional transducer• Complete ring-element polarized in

circumferential direction hardly available

• Polarization of a complete ring-element

© 2012 Minghui Huang, Leibniz Universität Hannover

IWPMA 2012

Polarization Set-up and Parameter Investigation

• Polarization Set-up

• Parameter Investigation• Temperature • E-Field Strength


IWPMA 2012

Characterization of Polarized Ring-Element

• Dynamic Measurement

• Static Measurement

• Future Improvement• increase the polarization time

il tt ti t t t• silver sputter coating treatmentPiezo Ring-Element

Polarization Strategy : 18kV-60min-120◦C


Thank you for your attention!

Minghui Huang, Jens TwiefelI tit t fü D ik d S h iInstitut für Dynamik und SchwingungenGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität HannoverAppelstraße 11, 30167 Hannover

[email protected]

www.ids.uni-hannover.de


1aPA02

© M

ärz

12 M

uD

Univ

ers

ität

Paderb

orn

Applications for Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials

Motivation

Most lead-free ceramics do not reach

electromechanical characteristics of standard PZT.

Which applications are the right ones

for available lead-free ceramics?

Application Fields and their Needs

Positioning: high k & d, medium e, low s

Power ultrasound: high k, low e, low losses

Sensing: high k & d, low Qm

Energy harvesting: high g or d (depending on load)

T. Maeda, T. Morita, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and Walter Sextro 1

© M

ärz

12 M

uD

Univ

ers

ität

Paderb

orn

Applications for Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials

Application of Hydrothermal made KNN

Conclusions

Available lead free ceramics are ready to use for sensing.

For application in positioning, d and e

should be further improved.

Power ultrasound applications might get

possible if high d and Qm are realised.

T. Maeda, T. Morita, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and Walter Sextro 2

Hydrophone Force Sensor Acceleration Sensor


1aPA03

© M

ärz

12 M

uD

Univ

ers

ität

Paderb

orn

Investigation of Sound Fields in Sonochemical Reactors

Motivation

The production of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics using the

hydrothermal method benefits from ultrasound assistance.

For a sophisticated design of such ultrasound systems, the

interaction between the sound field and the ultrasound

transducer must be considered.

Appropriate modeling is required:

T. Morita, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and Walter Sextro 1

Analytical Model

Only plane waves are

considered.

Limited to simple

geometries and simple

boundary conditions.

Good for fast estimations

and simple systems.

Finite Element Model

Complex geometries and various

boundary conditions can be

mapped.

Structural vibrations of the vessel

are considered.

Good for detailed analysis of

complex systems.

Ultrasound assisted

hydrothermal process

© M

ärz

12 M

uD

Univ

ers

ität

Paderb

orn

Investigation of Sound Fields in Sonochemical Reactors

T. Morita, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and Walter Sextro 2

Analytical Model

Finite Element Model

Conclusions

Detailed analysis should be carried out using FEM.

The vibrations of the vessel affect the sound field.

An optimal configuration depends on many parameters like the

geometry of the vessel and the transducer, the position of the

transducer relative to the irradiated fluid, the driving frequency of the

transducer, the characteristics of the fluid, …

the complete system should be considered in the design process.

Transducer

Air

Water

Vessel Pressure distribution

in air and water


1aPA04

Piezo electric element

Metal block

Bolt Liquid

Droplets

Micropore plate

Micropore

Vibrating direction

Droplets Generation in the Flowing Continuous Liquid by using a Ultrasonic Torsional Transducer

and a Micropore Plate Takuji Murakami, Yoshiyuki Tominaga, Takefumi Kanda and Koichi Suzumori

Okayama University, JAPAN

• Mono-disperse droplets and high-quality emulsions for medicine, foods and cosmetics production

• The torsional bolt clamped Langevin-type transducer and a micropore plate have been used for the generation of micro droplets and emulsions

Schema of the ultrasonic torsional transducer and the micropore plate

Torsinal bolt-clamped Langevin-type transducer; result of modal analysis

Photograph of generated droplets when the applied pressure were

0.08, 0.16 and 0.18MPaG (left to right)

Fabricated droplets generation system

100µm

Relationship between the applied pressure on the disperse liquid and the droplet diameter

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.24

Applied pressure [MPaG]

Dia

met

er o

f dro

plet

[ µm

]

Parameters of micropore diameter and vibrational velocity of the micropore

Liquid used in our experiments Dispersed liquid ： Pure waterContinuous liquid ： n-dodecane

Micropore diameter ： 30µmVibrational velocity ： 161.4mm/s

Pure water

n-dodecane n-dodecane

Outflow


1aPA05

Detection of Second Harmonic Ultrasonic Components Generated in Solids Interface

1aPA05Components Generated in Solids Interface

Makoto Fukuda, Takayuki Harada and Kazuhiko Imano (Akita University, Japan)

Introduction

When finite amplitude ultrasonic waves are transmitted to micro cracks, second harmonic waves are generated.

Second harmonic components generate not only with micro cracks, but also the interface between the transducer and the sample.

Transducer

Therefore, in the evaluation of a crack condition,it is important that the second harmonic components generated in the interface are suppressed.

Micro cracks Second harmonicti

interface

In this study, generationDetection of second harmonic

ultrasonic components for evaluation of solids interface will b i dbe carried out.

The second harmonic components generated from the interface of the

Transducer

glassesgtwo glasses will be detected.

glasses

-20

0

ude

[dB

]nd

amen

tal)

Function GeneratorVector SignalAnalyzer

TriggerNo adhesive

Experimental set-up

-60

-40

Rat

io o

f am

plitu

d ha

rmon

ic/fu

n

High-Frequency Amplifier

Matching Circuit Glasses(20mm)

Receiver(2 MHz)

0 1 2 3 4-80

Pressure [MPa]

R(2

nd

Second harmonic components was decreased as the pressure increased.S d h i t b d b t th i t f

Ultrasonic pulse waves of 1 MHz,10 cycles and

Transducer(1 MHz)

Second harmonic components can be suppressed by pressure to the interface.130 Vpp were transmitted through two glasses.

High contact pressure might be resulted in CAN generated in an interface was suppressed. But, it is difficult to control contact pressure in the practical use.

0)1

2

V] -20

0

de [d

B] fundamental

second harmonic0.04 MPa

Results

40

-20

0

mpl

itude

[dB

]ic

/fund

amen

tal

high polymer film

0 10 20 30 40-2

-1

0

Propagation Time [s]

Am

plitu

de [V

0 1 2 3 4-80

-60

-40

Frequency f [MHz]

Rel

ativ

e A

mpl

itud

(-36 dB)

0 1 2 3 4-80

-60

-40

Rat

io o

f am

(2nd

har

mon

iopagat o e [s] Frequency f [MHz]

0

1

2

plitu

de [V

]

-40

-20

0

Am

plitu

de [d

B]

fundamentalsecond harmonic

(-41 dB)

1 MPa

0 1 2 3 4Pressure [MPa]

Second harmonic components became almost constantwhen the adhesive was high polymer film.0 10 20 30 40

-2

-1

Propagation Time [s]

Am

p

0 1 2 3 4-80

-60

Frequency f [MHz]

Rel

ativ

e A

ConclusionsUpper waveform and its spectrum are 0.04 MPa, andlower waveform and its spectrum are 1 Mpa. In 1 MPa,second harmonic components was decreased by 5 dB.

Second harmonic ultrasonic components could be decreased by suppressing CAN as the pressure increase. Moreover, second harmonic ultrasonic components can be much suppressed by using high polymer film.


1aPA06No file submission


1aPA07

Growth of (KxNa1-x)NbO3 films by hydrothermal method and their characterization

T. Shiraishi(1), H. Einishi(1), M. Ishikawa(1, 2), S. Yasui(1),

IWPMA-9April 23, 2012

Hirosaki Cultural CenterPresentation Number; 1aPA07

T. Shiraishi , H. Einishi , M. Ishikawa , S. Yasui ,T. Hasegawa(1), M. Kurosawa(1), H. Uchida(3), Y. Sakashita(4)

and H. Funakubo(1)

(1)Tokyo Institute of Technology(2)Toin University of Yokohama(3) Sophia University(4) Fujifilm Corporation

1

Hydrothermal method

�Hydrothermal method

⇒⇒⇒⇒(KxNa1-x)NbO3 is expected as candidate of alternative for the leadpiezoelectric materials due to their superior properties.

・Lead-free piezoelectric material with perovskite structure

�(KxNa1-x)NbO3

We pay attention to hydrothermal method as deposition method.

0 200 400 600 800 1000Process temperature (°C) 2

・Wet process・・・・The process temperature is lower than

that of other deposition methods.

Low process temperature1)-6)

Hydrothermalmethod

CSD methodCDV methodSputtering method

So-gel methodAD method

1) S. W. Oh, et al, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 45 (2006) pp. 7465-7470.2) Y. Nakashima, et al, J. Appl. Phys., 46 (2007) pp. 6971-6975.3) K. Tanaka, et al, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 46 (2007) pp. 6964-6970.4) R. E. Jaeger, et al, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 45 (1962) 209.5) I. Kanno, et al, IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect.,

Freq. Contr., 38 (1991) pp. 256–270.6) M. Ishikawa, et al, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 48 (2009) 09KA14.

We pay attention to hydrothermal method as deposition method.

KNbO3

SrRuO3

KNbO3

SrRuO3

Ease growing of epitaxial thick film

Advantage of Hydrothermal method

⇒⇒⇒⇒It is possible to make self standing films.

・130µm-KNbO3 thick films grown on single crystalsubstrate.

・・・・Hydrothermal method have two additional advantage.

Deposition on flexible substrates

SrTiO3SrTiO3

3

・(K, Na)NbO3 films on flexible metal foils.

It is possible to make self standing films.

⇒⇒⇒⇒It is expected to expand applications.

XRD θθθθ-2θθθθ

Solid solution of (KxNa1-x)NbO3 films

x=0.26

x=0.58

x=0.88

x=1

In this report

pole figure

Phi

Previous report

Na rich phase

44 46 482θθθθ，，，，CuKαααα

1(deg)

・We succeeded in the solid solution of (KxNa1-x)NbO3 films by hydrothermal method.・Epitaxial growth was ascertained for all composition.

4

x=1

・ Hydrothermally-synthesized (KxNa1-x)NbO3

films did not make solid solution

A. D. Handoko, et al, Thin fSolid Film 519 (2011) 5156.

Please come to my poster and discuss with me together.

KNN {110}Psi

⇒⇒⇒⇒We report also on the electrical and the piezoelectric properties in poster.My Poster Number is 1aPA07


1aPA11


1aPA12

Design of the Thin Surface

Acoustic Wave Motor

Tatsuya Kawase and Minoru K. Kurosawa

Tokyo Institute of Technology

Surface Acoustic Wave Motor

Material Stator : LiNbO3 128°

y-rotated

x-propagation

Slider: Si / SiC

Traveling Wave Motor

The Thin SAW Motor

Characteristics of

Leaf Spring

110 mm

40

mm

Height: 11 mm

Driving Characteristics

(a) No-load Speed (b) Output Force

Preload: 20 N

Max. no-load speed 0.36 m/s Max. output force 1.28 N

1.28 N 0.36 m/s


1aPA13

1

Thermal Energy Harvesting from PZT Ceramics and PVDF Films

Hiroshi Maiwa Shonan Institute of Technology, 1-1-25 Tsujido-Nishikaigan, Fujisawa 251-8511, Japan

Fax: 81-466-36-1594, e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT: Thermal-electrical energy converters based on pyroelectric effect are investigated for energy harvesting and possible use in ultralow-power sensor modules. The charge extracted was stored into a capacitor comparing performances offered by different rectifying circuits. The output voltage from PZT ceramics by temperature variation is also measured. Measured peak power and power density of PZT ceramics were 4.4µW and 1.4µW/cm2 for approximately 5K/s temperature rate.

Key words: energy harvesting, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, pyroelectric property, electrocaloric effect, relaxor 1. INTRODUCTION Thermal-electrical energy converters based on pyroelectric effect are investigated for energy harvesting and possible use in ultralow-power sensor modules. Different elements based on ceramics and thin films of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) were characterized. The charge extracted was stored into a capacitor comparing performances offered by different rectifying circuits. Results show that the harvested energy can be compatible with use in autonomous sensors working in low-duty-cycle switched-supply mode.[1] Relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals such as P 2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE For the characterization of the fabricated devices, an experimental set-up was assembled, including a Peltier cell, temperature sensor to drive and monitor temperature profiles, as shown in Fig.1

Fig. 1. Experimental set-up for measuring thermal responses of PZT ceramics and PVDF films. Commercial bulk PZT ceramics and PVDF films are also used for thermal energy harvesting. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Thermal response of PZT ceramics Thermal response from PZT ceramics with Tc of

145°C and 300°C are shown in Fig. 2(a) and (b). Output voltages are proportional to temperature change dT/dt. This result suggests that output voltage is derived from pyroelectric effects. The maximum voltage across 1MΩ load over 2V is measured under 5K/s temperature change. This output power and power density of PZT ceramics with Tc of 145°C were 4.2µW and 1.4µW/cm2, respectively.

-5

0

5

10

15

20

0 50 100 150 200 250

Vo

lta

ge

(V

)

Time (s)

Temp.

Voltage

50

100

0 Te

mp

era

ture

(d

eg

)

(a)

(b)

Fig. 2. Output voltages from PZT ceramics.

-5

0

5

10

15

20

0 50 100 150 200 250

Vo

lta

ge

(V

)

Time (s)

Temp.

Voltage

50

100

0 Te

mp

era

ture

(d

eg

)

2

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Tem

p. (°

C) /

Vo

lt. (m

V)

/ d

T/d

t (*

10m

K/S

)

Time (s)

degC

mV

dT/dt

Although the generated power and power density are modest at present, the values could be improved by selection of the materials with higher pyroelectric properties compared with PZT. 3.2 Thermal response of VDF films The possibilities of pyroelectric energy harvesting using these PVDF films are also investigated. The charge extracted was stored into a capacitor comparing performances offered by different rectifying circuits. The output voltage from PVDF films by temperature variation is also measured, as shown in Fig.3. The scattered output voltages from PVDF films are partly due to the lower Curie temperature. EC of PVDF films are investigated and will be reported in the presentation.

Fig. 3. Output voltages from PVDF films (Load resistance of 10MΩ). 4.CONCLISIONS Thermal energy harvesting using PZT ceramics and PVDF films were evaluated. Measured peak power and power density of PZT ceramics were 4.4µW and 1.4µW/cm2 for approximately 5K/s temperature rate. Acknowledgement This study is partly supported by grant in aid (C, No.22560671) and GRENE(Green Network of Excellence) project from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.


1aPA14

Yuan Zhuang, Seyit O. Ural, Kenji UchinoI t ti l C t f A t t d T d P l i St t U i itInternational Center for Actuators and Transducers Pennsylvania State University

Piezoelectric ceramic – 20 parameters, 20 loss factorsp ,

Elastic Losses Dielectric Losses

s11E ~ tan11’ c11D ~ tan11 11T ~ tan11’

T tan ’ S tan

11S ~ tan11

s12E ~ tan12’

E ’

c12D ~ tan12

D

33T ~ tan33 33S ~ tan33

Piezoelectric Lossess13E ~ tan13’

s E ~ tan ’

c13D ~ tan13

c D ~ tan

Piezoelectric Losses

d31 ~ tan31’ h31 ~ tan31s33 ~ tan33

s55E ~ tan55’

c33 ~ tan33

c55D ~ tan55

d33 ~ tan33’

d ~ tan ’

h33 ~ tan33h ~ tan55 55 55 55 d15 ~ tan15 h15 ~ tan15

Loss Factors

2tan’ (tan’ tan’) Q Q 2tan >(tan +tan ): QA < QB; 2tan’=(tan’+tan’): QA = QB; 2t ’ (t ’ t ’) Q Q 2tan’<(tan’+tan’): QA > QB.

APC 850 (soft PZT ceramics) – loss factors [10‐2]tantan'' tantan'' tantan'' tantan'' tantan''

1.43±0.02 1.76±0.04 1.84±0.06 1.78±0.04 2.96±0.26tantan tantan tantan tantan tantan

0 58±0 11 0 92±0 23 1 33±0 81 0 04±0 04 0 24±0 130.58±0.11 0.92±0.23 1.33±0.81 0.04±0.04 0.24±0.13tantan'' tantan'' tantan'' tantan'' tantan''

1.10±0.01 0.95±0.03 1.51±0.03 1.33±0.03 2.33±0.22tantan tantan tantan tantan tantan

1.05±0.18 1.04±0.28 0.76±0.13 0.43±0.01 1.49±0.03


1aPA17

A piezoelectric single crystal ultrasonic micro-actuator with high driving force

Compared with PMN-PT single crystals, PIN-PMN-PT single crystals have the following advantages：•Higher coercive field•Higher ferroelectric transition temperature（TR-T）•Comparable piezoelectric coefficients

The first bending vibration mode

Mingsen Guo, Shuxiang Dong, Bo Ren, and Haosu Luo

Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Speed vs frequency Speed vs load

Comparison of the performance of the single-crystal actuator, voice coil motor (VCM), and piezoceramic motor.

REF: IEEE TUFFC 58, 2727, 2011.


1aPA18

研究所

Hanmin PENG, Junhui HU*Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing, China

CONTROLLED ADSORPTION OF DROPLETS CONTROLLED ADSORPTION OF DROPLETS ONTO ANTIONTO ANTI--NODES OF AN ULTRASONICALLY NODES OF AN ULTRASONICALLY

VIBRATING NEEDLEVIBRATING NEEDLE

The structure and size of ultrasonic transducer with a solid stainless needle

研究所

Image of water droplets adsorbed onto the needle

Comparison of the measured distributions of needle vibration and adsorbed

water droplets

Sound pressure distributionsimulation

Results and DiscussionResults and Discussion

The 0-peak vibration displacement at point P (z =

7 mm) is . 3.5 μm

3.5 μm

1.8 μm

1.8 μm

Water droplets’ shape adsorbed on the stainless needle.

Point P (z = 7 mm) is .


1aPA19

Wiebold Wurpts and Jens Twiefel

Institute of Dynamics and Vibration Research

IWPMA 2012 / Hirosaki

Analysis of Nonlinear Ultrasonic Systems

with Equivalent Circuits

and the Harmonic Balance Method

© 2012 Wiebold Wurpts, Leibniz Universität Hannover

Analysis of Nonlinear Ultrasonic Systems with Equivalent Circuits and the Harmonic Balance Method

Ultrasonic Vibro-Impact-Systems

Movement still harmonic

Harmonic amplitude and mean displacement

Amplitude depending stiffness

Constant contact force softening

Simulation Measurement

Mechanical

Equivalent Circuit

Vel

oci

ty [

m/s

]

© 2012 Wiebold Wurpts, Leibniz Universität Hannover

Analysis of Nonlinear Ultrasonic Systems with Equivalent Circuits and the Harmonic Balance Method

Ultrasonic Friction Damped Systems

Simulation Measurement System Model

Friction amplitude depending damping

Amplitude depending and unsymmetric admittance phase

Additional on poster:

Vibro impact with constant gap

More details…


1aPA21


1aPA23

Preparation and Properties of Lead-Free Piezoelectric (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3Thin Films through a Chemical Route

1aPA23

IWPMA 2012 (Hirosaki, Japan, April 22-25, 2012)

[111]

: Bi3+

Na+

Properties of BNTRhombohedrally distorted perovskite oxide

High Curie temperature （320˚C）

N. Makino1, B.-Y. Lee2, M. Moriya1, W. Sakamoto1, T. Iijima2 and T. Yogo1

1EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Japan2AIST, Tsukuba, Japan

: Ti4+

: O2-

Crystal structure of(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 (BNT)

Large remnant polarization （38 μC/cm2）

Problem of BNT thin film

Application in micro-electromechanical system(MEMS) devices

Thin film processing

Relatively low insulating resistance due to the formation of defectscaused by the evaporation of Bi and Na during heating process

G. A. Smolenskii et al., Phy. Solid State 2 (1961) 4371.

Ferroelectric properties of chemically synthesized BNT thin films

80

60

40

P (μC/cm2)BNT with excessBi (3 mol%) andNa (10 mol%)

BNT withoutBi and Na excess

Mn doping

The effects of Bi and Na excess compositions and Mn dopingon electrical properties were investigated to improve the lowinsulating resistance.

< Main object >

-1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500

40

20

-60

-80

-40

-20

E (kV/cm)

Frequency : 1 kHz

BNT with excess Bi (3 mol%),Na (10 mol%) andMn (1 mol%) doping

BNT withoutexcess Bi and Na,Mn doping

Mn doping

Improved dielectric andferroelectric properties


1aPA24

A MEMS actuator using two kinds of shape memory polymersto activate only by heating and cooling

Satomitsu Imai, Kosei Sakurai, Yuta Takimoto, and Kenzo Kojima, Nihon University (Japan)

1. Purpose and method to solve the problem•Developing a new activating method for shape memory polymer (SMP) actuators without using an externalforce in conventional actuators as shown in Fig. 1(a).

• The activating method in this research uses two kinds of SMPs with different glass transition temperatures(Tg). Generated memory shape-1 is canceled by superposing the memory shape-2 at a higher temperature asshown in Fig. 1(b): the imparted memory shape-2 is the reverse shape of the memory shape-1. This methodemploys only shape memory effect to reproduce the memory shape.

•The SMPs used in this research are polyurethane series SMPs: “Diary (liquid type)”, DIAPLEX (Japan),MS3510 (Tg: 35 ℃), MS5510 (Tg: 55 ℃). It is possible to tailor a glass transition temperature for the SMPs.

Elasticity Memory shape 1+2:

cancelling the memoryshape-1

Temperature

SMP-2

Tg1 Tg2

SMP-1

Memory shape-1① ②

③

Fig. 1 Activating methods of conventional actuators and actuators in this research(a) Conventional actuators (b) Proposed actuators in this research

Glassy region Rubbery region

Shape recovery

Fluid region

Elasticity

Temperature

Tg

Applying an externalforce to deform SMP

① ②

③ ④

-200

20406080

100120

0 100 200 300 400 500Time [s]

Dis

plac

emen

t[μ

m]

c

Above Tg2

Below Tg1

Above Tg1

Temperature

Displacement

-500

50100150200

0 100 200 300 400 500 600Time [s]

Dis

plac

emen

t[μ

m]

Above Tg2

Above Tg1

Below Tg1 Temperature

Displacement

Fig. 3 Time history of the displacementsat the beam top

Electric heater

Laser displacement meterThermometer

SMP layers: t 32 μm, Tg1: 35 ℃, Tg2: 55 ℃Substrate: L28 × W5 × t0.113 [mm]

(Curvature： about 17 mm)

Beam

Settingcase

Imparted memory shapes:bent configuration

(2) Diaphragm type: Two pieces of the SMP diaphragm unit (SMP-1 and 2) are glued.

Fig. 4 Structure and imparted memory shapes3. ConclusionThe experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed activating method. Thisactivating method is applicable to various SMP actuators.

2. Experiments to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed activating methodby applying the temperature cycle to the two kinds of prototype actuators

(1) Beam type: Two kinds of the SMPs are spin-coated on both sides of the substrate.

Fig. 2 Structure and imparted memory shapes

Fig. 5 Time history of the displacementsat the diaphragm center

SubstrateSMP diaphragm

Imparted memory shapes:semi-sphere

R5 [mm]

1.43 [mm]15 [mm]

7 [mm]15 [mm]

Si substrate

Si substrate

SMP-1 layer

SMP-2 layerAdhesive layer

Laser displacement meter

SMP layers: t40 μm

SMP-1 layer (Tg1)

SMP-2 layer (Tg2)

Substrate (PET)


1aPA25

Mn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 Lead-free

Piezoelectric Ceramics Fabricated

with Hydrothermal Powders

Yuriko Yokouchi1, Takafumi Maeda1, Peter

Bornmann2, Tobias Hemsel2, Takeshi Morita1 1University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan

2University of Paderborn, Fuerstenallee 11, 33102 Paderborn, Germany

[email protected]

1

Hydrothermal method

for making powders This study：

Hydrothermal method

Conventional method：

Solid-phase method

For making KN powder

Mixture of K2CO3, Nb2O5 & K2CO3 (24 h)

↓

Calcination 900℃(4 h)

↓

Ball mill for comminution(24 h)

↓

Calcination 900℃(4 h)

↓

Ball mill for comminution(24 h)

Low power consumption

High purity ・High quality

Preparation in a short time

Ionic reaction under high temperature

and pressure

For making KN powder

React KOH & Nb2O5 in pressure

vessel at 210℃ for 12 h

(NN: at 210℃ for 6h)

↓

Deacidification by HCl

↓

Drying

2

KOH

Nb2O5

Improving Quality factor KNbO3 + NaNbO3 + MnO (or CuO)

MnO dope

KNN+MnO(1.5mol%)

Q : 137

d33 : 89.6 pC/N

d31 : -32.9 pC/N

tand : 4.6 %

[1] T. Maeda, T. Hemsel, and T. Morita

Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 50 07HC01 (2011)

3

KNN (Non dope)

Q : 73

d33 : 130 pC/N

d31 : -44 pC/N

tand : 2.7 %

LiNbO3 dope

(Soft type)

KNN+LiNbO3

Q : 20

d33 : 200 pC/N

d31 : -50 pC/N

tand : 2~8 %

[1] KNN+CuO(1.5 mol%)

Q : 285

d31: -32.7 pC/N

tand : 0.5 %

CuO dope

This study(Hard type) Previous study

Improving d33

Non dope


1aPA26

0

Effect of Friction Layer Creep Deformation on Dynamic Behavior of Traveling Wave Rotary Ultrasonic Motor

State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical StructuresNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

It is found that the friction layer made of polymer material may flow into gaps between the teeth slowly during the long-term storage of TRUM.

Distributing forces applied on rotorDistributing forces applied on stator

Contact model considering friction layer creep behavior

Speed response of TRUM-60 with various creep ration


1aPA28

Synthesis of Lead-free Piezoelectric Material

by Ultrasonic Assisted Hydrothermal Method

Gaku Isobe1, Kanako Ohta1, Takafumi Maeda1,

Peter Bornmann2, Tobias Hemsel2 and Takeshi Morita1

1The University of Tokyo 2The University of Paderborn

Ultrasonic Assisted Hydrothermal Method (UAHTM)

Hydrothermal Method : Method to synthesize piezoelectric materials

at high-temperature and high-pressure

• Shorten the reaction time

• Make higher quality material

Irradiate high power ultrasound

Vessel

Solution

Node

Longitudinal mode

About 30 kHz

KNN ceramics by UAHTM

• KN and NN powder was synthesized by UAHTM,

mixed (0.48 : 0.52) and sintered (1125 deg.) to make KNN ceramics

• To prevent contamination

- Teflon foil cover

• KNN ceramics

Ultrasonic Assisted Without Ultrasonic Assist

Density : 4.47 g/cm3 Density : 4.27 g/cm3

Particle size got about 1/3


1aPA29

Background• USM: Ultrasonic Motor• Principle: converse piezoelectric effect• Objective: USM performance in vacuum and high/low

temperature environment• Application: space exploring

Recent research• There has been a lot of researches on either

temperature or vacuum condition• But little research in vacuum and high/low

temperature environment

vacuum complexenvironment

temperature

Performance of Ultrasonic Motor Under Extrem Environments

TRUM with combinational structure• TRUM with double rotators and double stators• max torque of 2.2 N·m• max speed of 210 rpm

Test equipment• KM800-700: the Space Simulation System of Vacuum

and High/Low Temperature Environment

Lin YangLin Yang

Equipment parameters• Temperature range: -120℃~ +150℃• Extreme vacuum degree: 5×10-5 Pa

Test condition• Temperature: -80℃ ~ 100 ℃• Vacuum degree: 10-5 Pa ~ 10-3 Pa

• Low test level: 10-3Pa, -55℃~60℃• High test level: 10-5Pa， -80℃~100℃

• The speed and torque relationship of the motor

Low level result at low temperature

test result at low temperature and 10-3 Pa

0 1 2

0

50

100

150

200

250

Speed (rpm)

Torque (N.m)

28.1℃ 0℃ -20℃ -40℃ -55℃

speed

torque

High level result at low temperature• The speed and torque relationship of the motor

test result at low temperature and 10-5 Pa

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

0

50

100

150

200

Spee

d (r

pm)

Torque (N.m)

27℃ 0℃ -20℃ -40℃ -60℃ -80℃ speed

torque

High level result at high temperature• The speed and torque relationship of the motor

test result at high temperature and 10-5 Pa

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

0

50

100

150

200

250

Speed (rpm)

Torque (N.m)

20℃ 40℃ 60℃ 80℃ 100℃

speed

torque

Conclusion1. Combinational TRUM works steadily and

efficiently in vacuum of 10-5 Pa and temperature from -100℃ to 80 ℃;

2. The driving ability is not affected after the environmental test;

3. at low temperature: the maximum speed and maximum torque increase when temperature decreases;

4. at high temperature: maximum torque increaseswhen temperature rises.

(10:45 ~ 12:00, Monday 23rd April) - University of …Solid solution of (K x Na 1-x)NbO 3 films...

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Transcript of (10:45 ~ 12:00, Monday 23rd April) - University of …Solid solution of (K x Na 1-x)NbO 3 films...